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Guaibasauridae
Guaibasauridae is a family of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs, known from fossil remains of late Triassic period formations in Brazil and Argentina. Classification The exact makeup and classification of the Guaibasauridae remain uncertain. The family was originally named by Jose Bonaparte and colleagues in 1999 to contain a single genus and species, ''Guaibasaurus candelariensis''. When the second specimen of ''Guaibasaurus'' was described from better remains in 2007, it became easier to compare it to other enigmatic early saurischians, which are often difficult to classify because they combine characteristics of the two major saurischian groups, Theropoda and Sauropodomorpha. Bonaparte and colleagues, in light of the information gained from this second specimen, found that the genus ''Saturnalia'' (which is anatomically very similar to ''Guaibasaurus'') could also be assigned to the Guaibasauridae, though they did not conduct a phylogenetic analysis or define Guaibasauridae as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guaibasaurus Candelariensis
''Guaibasaurus'' is an extinct genus of basal saurischian dinosaur known from the Late Triassic Caturrita Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Most analyses recover it as a sauropodomorph, although there are some suggestions that it was a theropod instead. In 2016 Gregory S. Paul estimated it at 2 meters (6.6 ft) and 10 kg (22 lbs), whereas in 2020 Molina-Pérez and Larramendi listed it at 3 meters (10 ft) and 35 kg (77 lbs). Discovery ''Guaibasaurus'' was originally named on the basis of the holotype, MCN PV2355, a well-preserved partial postcranial skeleton and the paratype, MCN PV2356, an articulated and nearly complete left hindlimb, which were discovered in the "Sesmaria do Pinhal 2" locality near Candelária, Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, in the upper portion of the Candelária Sequence or the Caturrita Formation. Later, two additional specimens were referred to ''G. candelariensis'': UFRGS PV0725T (an articulated and nearly complete p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guaibasaurus
''Guaibasaurus'' is an extinct genus of basal saurischian dinosaur known from the Late Triassic Caturrita Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Most analyses recover it as a sauropodomorph, although there are some suggestions that it was a theropod instead. In 2016 Gregory S. Paul estimated it at 2 meters (6.6 ft) and 10 kg (22 lbs), whereas in 2020 Molina-Pérez and Larramendi listed it at 3 meters (10 ft) and 35 kg (77 lbs). Discovery ''Guaibasaurus'' was originally named on the basis of the holotype, MCN PV2355, a well-preserved partial postcranial skeleton and the paratype, MCN PV2356, an articulated and nearly complete left hindlimb, which were discovered in the "Sesmaria do Pinhal 2" locality near Candelária, Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, in the upper portion of the Candelária Sequence or the Caturrita Formation. Later, two additional specimens were referred to ''G. candelariensis'': UFRGS PV0725T (an articulated and nearly complete postc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saturnaliinae
Saturnaliidae is a family of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs found in Brazil, Argentina and possibly Zimbabwe. It is not to be confused with Saturnalidae, a family of radiolarian protists. Classification In 2010, Martin Ezcurra defined the subfamily Saturnaliinae for the clade containing '' Saturnalia'' and '' Chromogisaurus'', which were found to be close relatives in several studies. While they are sometimes found to be a subgroup within the Guaibasauridae, all recent studies have found the saturnaliines to form an independent lineage at the very base of the sauropodomorph family tree. At one point, ''Agnosphitys'' was recovered as a possible saturnaliine until it was recovered as a member of Silesauridae in 2017.Baron, M.G., Norman, D.B., and Barrett, P.M. (2017). A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. ''Nature'', 543: 501–506. Langer and colleagues (2019) recovered ''Pampadromaeus'' and '' Panphagia'' as relatives of ''Saturnalia'' and '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosauropod
Sauropodomorpha ( ; from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of long-necked, herbivorous, saurischian dinosaurs that includes the sauropods and their ancestral relatives. Sauropods generally grew to very large sizes, had long necks and tails, were quadrupedal, and became the largest animals to ever walk the Earth. The ''prosauropods,'' which preceded the sauropods, were smaller and were often able to walk on two legs. The sauropodomorphs were the dominant terrestrial herbivores throughout much of the Mesozoic Era, from their origins in the Late Triassic (approximately 230 Ma) until their decline and extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. Description Sauropodomorphs were adapted to browsing higher than any other contemporary herbivore, giving them access to high tree foliage. This feeding strategy is supported by many of their defining characteristics, such as: a light, tiny skull on the end of a long neck (with ten or more elongated cervical vertebra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago (mya), although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 mya; their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record shows that birds are feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch, and are the only dinosaur lineage known to have survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 mya. Dinosaurs can therefore be divided into avian dinosaurs—birds—and the extinct non-avian dinosaurs, which are all dinosaurs other than birds. Dinosaurs are varied from taxonomic, morphological and ecological standpoints. Birds, at over 10,700 living species, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauropodomorpha
Sauropodomorpha ( ; from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of long-necked, herbivorous, saurischian dinosaurs that includes the sauropods and their ancestral relatives. Sauropods generally grew to very large sizes, had long necks and tails, were quadrupedal, and became the largest animals to ever walk the Earth. The '' prosauropods,'' which preceded the sauropods, were smaller and were often able to walk on two legs. The sauropodomorphs were the dominant terrestrial herbivores throughout much of the Mesozoic Era, from their origins in the Late Triassic (approximately 230 Ma) until their decline and extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. Description Sauropodomorphs were adapted to browsing higher than any other contemporary herbivore, giving them access to high tree foliage. This feeding strategy is supported by many of their defining characteristics, such as: a light, tiny skull on the end of a long neck (with ten or more elongated cervical vertebrae) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauropodomorphs
Sauropodomorpha ( ; from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of long-necked, herbivorous, saurischian dinosaurs that includes the sauropods and their ancestral relatives. Sauropods generally grew to very large sizes, had long necks and tails, were quadrupedal, and became the largest animals to ever walk the Earth. The '' prosauropods,'' which preceded the sauropods, were smaller and were often able to walk on two legs. The sauropodomorphs were the dominant terrestrial herbivores throughout much of the Mesozoic Era, from their origins in the Late Triassic (approximately 230 Ma) until their decline and extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. Description Sauropodomorphs were adapted to browsing higher than any other contemporary herbivore, giving them access to high tree foliage. This feeding strategy is supported by many of their defining characteristics, such as: a light, tiny skull on the end of a long neck (with ten or more elongated cervical vertebrae) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saturnaliidae
Saturnaliidae is a family of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs found in Brazil, Argentina and possibly Zimbabwe. It is not to be confused with Saturnalidae, a family of radiolarian protists. Classification In 2010, Martin Ezcurra defined the subfamily Saturnaliinae for the clade containing ''Saturnalia'' and ''Chromogisaurus'', which were found to be close relatives in several studies. While they are sometimes found to be a subgroup within the Guaibasauridae, all recent studies have found the saturnaliines to form an independent lineage at the very base of the sauropodomorph family tree. At one point, '' Agnosphitys'' was recovered as a possible saturnaliine until it was recovered as a member of Silesauridae in 2017.Baron, M.G., Norman, D.B., and Barrett, P.M. (2017). A new hypothesis of dinosaur relationships and early dinosaur evolution. ''Nature'', 543: 501–506. Langer and colleagues (2019) recovered '' Pampadromaeus'' and '' Panphagia'' as relatives of ''Saturnalia'' and '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chromogisaurus
''Chromogisaurus'' is an extinct genus of saturnaliid sauropodomorph which existed in Argentina during the Late Triassic (Carnian) period. It is from the Cancha de Bochas, Valle Pintado member of the Ischigualasto Formation. It was a herbivore about in length, and was optionally quadrupedal. Description ''Chromogisaurus'' was first named by Martín Daniel Ezcurra in 2010, and the type species is ''Chromogisaurus novasi''. The generic name is derived from Greek ''chroma'', "colour", and ''gè'', "earth", a reference to the Valle Pintado, the "Painted Valley". The specific name honours Fernando Emilio Novas. The holotype, PVSJ 845, was found in the Cancha de Bochas Member of the Ischigualasto Formation, dating to the Carnian. This makes ''Chromogisaurus'' one of the oldest known dinosaurs. The specimen consists of a partial skeleton lacking the skull, with elements of the front and hind limbs, as well as the pelvis and two caudal vertebrae. A cladistic analysis by Ezcurra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saturnalia (dinosaur)
''Saturnalia'' is an extinct genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur known from the Late Triassic Santa Maria Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil and possibly the Pebbly Arkose Formation, Zimbabwe. Discovery and naming ''Saturnalia'' was originally named on the basis of three partial skeletons. The holotype, MCP 3844-PV, a well-preserved semi-articulated postcranial skeleton, was discovered in mid-summer at Sanga da Alemoa, Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, in the geopark of Paleorrota. The two paratypes are MCP 3845-PV, partial skeleton including natural cast of partial mandible with teeth and some postcranial remains, and MCP 3846-PV, partial skeleton including postcranial remains. All specimens were collected in the "Wald-Sanga" (also known as "Sanga do Mato") locality from the Alemoa Member of the Santa Maria Formation (Rosário do Sul Group), dating to the Carnian faunal stage of the early Late Triassic, about 228 million years ago. A partial femu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agnosphitys
''Agnosphitys'' (; "unknown begetter"; sometimes mistakenly called ''Agnostiphys'' or ''Agnosphytis'') is a genus of dinosauriform that lived during the Late Triassic. It contains only one species, the type species ''A. cromhallensis''. Its remains include an ilium, maxilla, astragalus and humerus, which date variously from the Norian and Rhaetian stages of the Late Triassic, or possibly as late as the Hettangian stage of the Early Jurassic. The fissure fill at Avon, of which ''Agnosphitys'' was probably recovered from, was a sinkhole formed by the dissolution of Lower Carboniferous limestones. Discovery and naming The type species, ''Agnosphitys cromhallensis'', was described by Nicholas Fraser, Kevin Padian, Gordon Walkden and A. L. M Davis in early 2002. The fossils consist of two specimens. The holotype consists of a single isolated left ilium, while the second specimen consists of a partial skeleton including a left maxilla, a humerus and a left astragalus, were found in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pampadromaeus
''Pampadromaeus'' is an extinct genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs known from the Late Triassic (Carnian) Santa Maria Formation of the Paraná Basin in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil.Cabreira et al., 2011 Discovery ''Pampadromaeus'' is known only from the holotype specimen ULBRA-PVT016, a disarticulated, partial but well preserved skeleton from a single individual which includes most of the skull bones and the lower jaws; dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae; elements of the shoulder girdle and the forelimbs, an ilium and elements of the hindlimbs. It was collected in the upper '' Hyperodapedon'' biozone from the Alemoa Member of the Santa Maria Formation ( Rosário do Sul Group) in the "Janner" (also known as "Várzea do Agudo") locality, geopark of Paleorrota, dating to the Carnian faunal stage of the early Late Triassic, about 230–228 million years ago. A U-Pb (uranium decay) dating found that the Santa Maria Formation dated around 233.23 million years ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
