|
Gordon Comstock
''Keep the Aspidistra Flying'', first published in 1936, is a socially critical novel by George Orwell set in 1930s London. The main theme is Gordon Comstock's romantic ambition to defy worship of the money-god and status, and the dismal life that results. Background Orwell wrote the book in 1934 and 1935 while he was living at various locations near Hampstead in London, and drew on his experiences in these and the preceding few years. At the beginning of 1928 he lived in lodgings in Portobello Road from where he started his tramping expeditions, sleeping rough and roaming the poorer parts of London. At this time he wrote a fragment of a play in which the protagonist Stone needs money for a life-saving operation for his child. Stone would prefer to prostitute his wife rather than prostitute his artistic integrity by writing advertising copy. Orwell's early writings appeared in ''The Adelphi'', a left-wing literary journal edited by Sir Richard Rees, a wealthy and idealisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950) was an English novelist, poet, essayist, journalist, and critic who wrote under the pen name of George Orwell. His work is characterised by lucid prose, social criticism, opposition to all totalitarianism (both authoritarian communism and fascism), and support of democratic socialism. Orwell is best known for his allegorical novella ''Animal Farm'' (1945) and the Utopian and dystopian fiction, dystopian novel ''Nineteen Eighty-Four'' (1949), although his works also encompass literary criticism, poetry, fiction and polemical journalism. His non-fiction works, including ''The Road to Wigan Pier'' (1937), documenting his experience of working-class life in the industrial north of England, and ''Homage to Catalonia'' (1938), an account of his experiences soldiering for the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republican faction of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), are as critically respected as George Orwell bibliograph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unearned Income
Unearned income is a term coined by Henry George to refer to income gained through ownership of land and other monopoly. Today the term often refers to income received by virtue of owning property (known as property income), inheritance, pensions and payments received from public welfare. The three major forms of unearned income based on property ownership are rent, received from the ownership of natural resources; interest, received by virtue of owning financial assets; and profit, received from the ownership of capital equipment. As such, unearned income is often categorized as " passive income". Unearned income can be discussed from either an economic or accounting perspective, but is more commonly used in economics. Economics 'Unearned income' is a term coined by Henry George to popularize the economic concept of land rent and 'rent' generally. George modified John Stuart Mill's term ' unearned increment of land' to broaden the concept to include all land rent, not jus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Hill, London
Parliament Hill is an area of open parkland in the south-east corner of Hampstead Heath in north-west London. The hill, which is high, is notable for its views of the capital's skyline. The Palace of Westminster, Houses of Parliament, which are south of Parliament Hill in the City of Westminster, can be seen from the summit, although construction in the intermediate parts of London has partly obscured them. History A mound on the hill may have been a Bronze Age burial barrow. In 1133, the hill was part of a Manorialism, manor that Henry I of England, Henry I gave to a baron called Richard de Balta. During Henry II of England, Henry II's reign it was passed to Alexander de Barentyn, the king's butler. The area that was known as Traitors' Hill may have acquired its current name during the English Civil War in the 17th century, when it was occupied by troops loyal to the English Parliament. A legend states that this was the site from where Guy Fawkes and Robert Catesby, of the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Guardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust Limited. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in its journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Stansky
Peter David Lyman Stansky (born January 18, 1932) is an American historian specializing in modern British history The history of the British Isles began with its sporadic human habitation during the Palaeolithic from around 900,000 years ago. The British Isles has been continually occupied since the early Holocene, the current geological epoch, which star .... Works *''Ambitions and Strategies: The Struggle for the Leadership of the Liberal Party in the 1890s'' (1964) *''Journey to the Frontier: Julian Bell and John Cornford: Their lives and the 1930s'', with William Abrahams (1966) *''Conference on British Studies Biographical series'', editor, 6 vols.(1968–1974) *''The Left and War: The British Labour Party and the First World War'', editor (1969) *''John Morley Nineteenth Century Essays'', editor (1970) *''The Unknown Orwell'', with William Abrahams (1972) *''Winston Churchill: A Profile'', editor (1973) *''The Victorian Revolution'', editor (1973) *''England Since 1867 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bookshop Memories
"Bookshop Memories" was published in 1936 by the English author George Orwell. As the title suggests, it is a reminiscence of his time spent working as an assistant in a second-hand bookshop. Background In October 1934 Orwell's aunt Nellie Limouzin recommended him for the job, as part-time assistant at Booklover's Corner in South End Road, Hampstead. The shop was run by her friends the Westropes, who also provided him with accommodation. He was job sharing with Jon Kimche so that he worked at the shop in the afternoons, having the mornings free to write and the evenings to socialise. Kimche recalled Orwell never sitting, but standing in the middle of the shop "a slightly forbidding figure" who probably resented the idea of selling anything to people. Kimche retained the image of "a very tall figure almost like de Gaulle" with a small boy looking up and buying stamps from him. Peter Vansittart recalled visiting the shop as a child with the "slightly ungracious assistant" try ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jon Kimche
Jon Kimche (17 June 1909 – 9 March 1994) was a journalist and historian. A Swiss Jew, he arrived in England at the age of 12, becoming involved in the Independent Labour Party as a young man. In 1934–35, he worked with George Orwell in a Hampstead bookshop, Booklover’s Corner, and later managed the ILP's bookshop at 35 Bride Street, near Ludgate Circus. As chair of the ILP Guild of Youth, he visited Barcelona in 1937, where he again met Orwell. In the early war years, he contributed articles on military strategy to the ''Evening Standard'' and, on the recommendation of Michael Foot, was hired by Aneurin Bevan in 1942 as the ''de facto'' editor of the left-wing weekly ''Tribune''. (Bevan was nominally the editor but had neither the time nor the technical expertise to do the job, and Kimche was both an alien and a member of the ILP rather than the Labour Party, which ''Tribune'' supported.) He left ''Tribune'' to join Reuters in 1945 but returned in 1946, though by now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Job Sharing
Job sharing or work sharing is an employment arrangement where two people, or sometimes more, are retained on a part-time or reduced-time basis to perform a job normally fulfilled by one person working full-time. This leads to a net reduction in per-employee income. The people sharing the job work as a team to complete the job task and are jointly responsible for the job workload. Pay, holidays and working hours are apportioned between the workers. In some countries, systems such as ''pay as you go'' and PAYE help make deductions for national insurance, and superannuations are made as a straightforward percentage. History in the United States The news media began reporting in earnest on job sharing in the 1970s and 1980s. The practice was most often described as a solution tailored for women, as one Associated Press article summarized, "a compromise between fulltime housework and full-time employment". 1970s In 1972 the New Ways to Work Foundation was funded, it is a non-pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pond Street, Hampstead
Pond Street is located in Hampstead in the London Borough of Camden. It runs eastwards from Rosslyn Hill to South End Green, located in the old "South End" of the settlement. The street takes its name from an ancient pond at South End Green, a source of the River Fleet, and has been known by this name since at least 1678. The pond survived into the Victorian era. At the western end is St Stephen's, a former church designed in Gothic Revival style by Samuel Sanders Teulon around 1870. What remains of the once larger Hampstead Green is nearby. Hampstead Hill Gardens heads off northwards from Pond Street. The Roebuck Hotel, on the northern side, dates from the late 1860s. The Royal Free Hospital, built in the 1970s, is on the southern side of the street. The closest railway station is Hampstead Heath railway station in adjacent South End Road. Opened in 1860 on the North London Line, it is the oldest station in the area. Many of the buildings in Pond Street are now listed, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esperanto
Esperanto (, ) is the world's most widely spoken Constructed language, constructed international auxiliary language. Created by L. L. Zamenhof in 1887 to be 'the International Language' (), it is intended to be a universal second language for international communication. He described the language in ''Dr. Esperanto's International Language'' (), which he published under the pseudonym . Early adopters of the language liked the name and soon used it to describe his language. The word translates into English as 'one who hopes'. Within the range of constructed languages, Esperanto occupies a middle ground between "naturalistic" (imitating existing natural languages) and ''Constructed language#A priori and a posteriori languages, a priori'' (where features are not based on existing languages). Esperanto's vocabulary, syntax and semantics derive predominantly from languages of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European group. A substantial majority of its vocabulary (approximat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southwold
Southwold is a seaside town and civil parish on the North Sea, in the East Suffolk District, East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It lies at the mouth of the River Blyth, Suffolk, River Blyth in the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, south of Lowestoft, north-east of Ipswich and north-east of London, within the parliamentary constituency of Suffolk Coastal (UK Parliament constituency), Suffolk Coastal. At the 2021 Census, the population was 950. History Southwold was mentioned in ''Domesday Book'' (1086) as a fishing port, and after the "capricious River Blyth withdrew from Dunwich in 1328, bringing trade to Southwold in the 15th century", it received its town charter from Henry VII of England, Henry VII in 1489. The grant of the charter is marked by the annual Charter fair, Trinity Fair, when it is read out by the Town Clerk. Over following centuries, however, a Shingle beach, shingle bar built up across the harbour mouth, prev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnham Beeches
Burnham Beeches is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest situated west of Farnham Common in the village of Burnham, Buckinghamshire, Burnham, Buckinghamshire. The southern half is owned by the Corporation of London and is open to the public. It is also a National Nature Reserve and a Special Area of Conservation. Burnham Beeches came into ownership of the City of London Corporation after the land came up for auction in 1879. The auction followed the death of the land owner who had permitted public access. Its special status was recognised and discussed in the House of Commons. The land failed to sell at the auction. Subsequently Sir Henry Peek purchased the land at the reserve price £12,000. Sir Henry Peek sold to the City of London Corporation (£6,000), retaining the "enclosed" portion of the land of . Purchase was funded from duties levied on grain landed at the Port of London. Money was also spent on roads to improve access (estimated cost £500), one of these ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
