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General Headquarters (Pakistan Army)
The General Headquarters (abbreviated Army GHQ) is the direct reporting and the command post of the Pakistan Army, located in the Chaklala at the vicinity of Rawalpindi, adjacent to the Joint Staff Headquarters (JS HQ). History In 1851, the British Army in India made an permanent headquarter in Rawalpindi when Marquess of Dalhousie decided to stationed the 53rd Infantry Regiment to protect India from Afghan intervention. In 1854, Robert Milman from the Diocese of Calcutta had built the city's first Garrison Church and a telegraph office. It is also the site where Robert Milman is buried following his death in Rawalpindi in 1876. On 14 August 1947, Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army General Frank Messervy decided to establish the army headquarters of the Pakistan Army at the Rawalpindi, which was also the headquarter of the Northern Command of the former British Indian Army; Gen. Messervy established it as "GHQ Pakistan", which he derived from GHQ India. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Staff Headquarters (Pakistan)
The Joint Staff Headquarters (reporting name:JS HQ), is the military headquarters of the Pakistan Armed Forces at the vicinity of the Chaklala Cantonment, Chaklala, Rawalpindi District, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, Punjab in Pakistan. Constructed on an accelerated schedule in 1972, the JS HQ, which also includes the post of General Headquarters (Pakistan Army), Army GHQ, serves as a principle headquarters of the Pakistan Armed Forces with concerns relating to higher direction of war, operational planning, and deterrence developments. Historical background From 1947–71, the Pakistan's General Headquarters (Pakistan Army), Army GHQ had been a central and focal strategic planning center for military operations with most taken on army's point of view. The Pakistani troops and sailors deployed in the Eastern Command (Pakistan), Eastern Command and the Western formations had fought Indian Armed Forces without the mission clarity and without the ground, air, and sea line of strategi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rawalpindi Cantonment
Rawalpindi Cantonment () is a large military town located in Rawalpindi, Punjab province, Pakistan. The headquarters of the Pakistan Army, which are known as the General Headquarters (GHQ), are located in the nearby Chaklala Cantonment. It covers an area of (10,172 acres). The population of the town is 740,483 according to the 2023 census. Rawalpindi Cantonment is one of the three components of Rawalpindi Tehsil (sub-district) together with Rawalpindi Metropolitan Corporation and Chaklala Cantonment. The tehsil is part of the wider Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area, which has a population of more than 6 million people. It is situated on the Grand Trunk Road and on Railway Line 1, the main railway line of the country. The town has its own railway station, Rawalpindi railway station, and its own hospital, Cantonment General Hospital. History In 1901 the cantonment, with its population of 40,611, was the most important in India. It contained an arsenal, one battery of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PAF Base Nur Khan
PAF Base Nur Khan (originally founded as RAF Chaklala and formerly known as PAF Station Chaklala and PAF Base Chaklala) is a major Pakistan Air Force airbase located in Chaklala, Rawalpindi, Punjab province. The former Benazir Bhutto International Airport is integrated into the airbase's infrastructure. The base also hosts educational institutions such as PAF College, Chaklala, dedicated to Aviation Cadets, and Fazaia Inter College Nur Khan. The base is part of Federal Air Command. It was damaged by Indian airstrikes in 2025 India-Pakistan conflict. Background PAF Base Nur Khan, formerly known as Chaklala Airbase, is a critical facility for the Pakistan Air Force. It serves as the headquarters of the Air Mobility Command and plays a key role in logistics, VIP transport, and strategic operations. The base is known to host aircraft such as the C-130 Hercules and ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance) platforms. History The base was originally operated by the Royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criticism Of The Pakistan Armed Forces
In Pakistan, Pakistan Army, Pakistan Air Force, Pakistan Navy, and intelligence agencies are considered as part of Pakistani military. Over the years, the military has been criticised for its past and present actions. Most of the criticism is leveled against Pakistan Army who is the most dominant branch of Pakistan's military. It has been criticized for eroding democratic processes in Pakistan, for being the largest business conglomeration in the country, for excessive control over the domestic and foreign policies of Pakistan, for war crimes, role in Bengali genocide, and corruption within the institution. Criticism of military is generally considered as no-go area and fierce critics are treated brutally by the military from enforced disappearances to extrajudicial killings. Some of the critics of Pakistan Army, such as human rights activist Manzoor Pashteen, have been jailed while others like Ahmad Noorani and Taha Siddiqui have been forced to flee the country. In 2019, ''The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil–military Relations
Civil–military relations (Civ-Mil or CMR) describes the relationship between military organizations and civil society, military organizations and other government bureaucracies, and leaders and the military. CMR incorporates a diverse, often normative field, which moves within and across management, social science and policy scales. More narrowly, it describes the relationship between the civil authority of a given society and its military authority. "The goal of any state is to harness military professional power to serve vital national security interests, while guarding against the misuse of power that can threaten the well-being of its people." Studies of civil-military relations often rest on a normative assumption that it is preferable to have the ultimate responsibility for a country's strategic decision-making to lie in the hands of the civilian political leadership (i.e. civilian control of the military) rather than a military (a military dictatorship). A paradox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GHQ India
General Headquarters, India was the headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief, India, who commanded the British military forces in India, including the British Indian Army, after the Kitchener Reforms of 1903. It succeeded Headquarters, India which was the term in use initially after the three Presidency armies had been amalgamated into one force. The Commander-in-Chief answered to the civilian Viceroy of India. Confusingly, in the official ''Volume II: India's Most Dangerous Hour'', Major-General Stanley Kirby ''et al.'', 1958, the term "India Command" was repeatedly used. "India Command" was not defined, but Stanley Kirby ''et al.'' appeared to be referring to the British Indian Army in India; the British Army in India; and GHQ India, the three together, as a whole. A more correct term for these three entities together would have been the Army in India. Early history GHQ India succeeded Headquarters, India which was the term in use initially after the three Presidency armies had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Command (India)
The Northern Command is a Command (military formation), Command of the Indian Army. It was originally formed as the Northern Army of the British Indian Army in 1908. It was scrapped upon India's independence in 1947 and later re-raised in 1972. Currently, the XIV Corps (India), XIV Corps (Leh), XV Corps (India), XV Corps (Srinagar), I Corps (India), I Corps (Mathura) and XVI Corps (India), XVI Corps (Nagrota) are under its control. Its present commander is Lieutenant General (India), Lieutenant General Pratik Sharma, Pratik Sharma. History The Presidency armies were abolished with effect from 1 April 1895 when the three Presidency armies became the Indian Army. The Indian Army was divided into four Commands: Bengal Command, Bombay Command, Madras Command and Punjab Command, each under a Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), lieutenant general. In 1908, the four commands were merged into two Armies: Northern Army and Southern Army. This system persisted until 1920 when the arrang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Messervy
General Sir Frank Walter Messervy, (9 December 1893 – 2 February 1974) was a British Indian Army officer in the First and Second World Wars. Following its independence, he was the first commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army from August 1947 to February 1948. Previously, he had served as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Northern Command, India in 1946 and 1947. Early life Messervy was born in Trinidad on 9 December 1893, the oldest child of Walter John Messervy (born in Jersey in the English Channel), a bank manager in the colony (and later England) and his wife Myra Naida de Boissiere from Trinidad. Early career Sent to England from Trinidad, Messervy was initially educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and was commissioned into the Indian Army in January 1913 and in 1914 joined 9th Hodson's Horse. which later became part of the 4th Duke of Cambridge's Own Hodson's Horse. He would see action in the First World War in France, Palestine and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines. The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Gwyn Jenkins, Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom), Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of Field marshal (United Kingdom), field marshal, which is now only awarded as an honorary rank. The rank of general has a NATO-code of Ranks and insignia of NATO, OF-9, and is a four-star rank. It is equivalent to a Admiral (Royal Navy), full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force. Officers holding the ranks of Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), lieutenant-general and Major-general (United Kingdom), major-general m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commander-in-Chief Of The Pakistan Army
The Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army (abbreviation: C-in-C of the Pakistan Army) was the professional head of the Pakistan Army from 1947 to 1972. As an administrative position, the appointment holder had main operational command authority over the army. Direct appointments to the command of the Pakistan Army came from the British Army Council until 1951, when the first native Pakistani commander-in-chief ( General Ayub Khan) was nominated and appointed by the Government of Pakistan. The C-in-C designation was changed to ' Chief of Army Staff' in 1972; General Tikka Khan was the first person to hold the new title. Six generals have served as C-in-C, the first two of them were native British and the post's name was derived from the post of Commander-in-Chief of the British Indian Army. History Prior to the Partition of British India on 14 August 1947, the senior generals of the British Indian Army were appointed by the Army Council (1904) of the British Army. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese Of Calcutta (Church Of North India)
The Diocese of Calcutta was established in 1813 as part of the Church of England. It is led by the Bishop of Calcutta and the first bishop was Thomas Middleton (1814–1822) and the second Reginald Heber (1823–1826). Under the sixth bishop Daniel Wilson (1832–1858), the see was made Metropolitan (though not made an Archbishopric) when two more dioceses in India came into being (Madras, 1835, and Bombay, 1837). Calcutta was made a metropolitan see by letters patent on 10 October 1835 and in 1930 was included in the Church of India, Burma and Ceylon (from 1948 the Church of India, Pakistan, Burma, and Ceylon) until 1970. In 1970, the Church of the Province of Myanmar, Church of Ceylon and the Church of Pakistan were separated from the province. The Anglican dioceses in India merged with the United Church of Northern India (Congregationalist and Presbyterian), the Methodist Church (British and Australian Conferences), the Council of Baptist Churches in Northern India, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Milman
Robert Milman (25 January 1816 - 15 February 1876) was an Anglican bishop in the second half of the 19th century. He was born at Easton in Gordano, Somerset the third son of Sir William George Milman, 2nd Baronet, of Levaton in Devonshire and was educated as a day-scholar at Westminster School. He entered Exeter College, Oxford where he graduated B.A. in 1838, and M.A and D.D. in 1867. In 1839 he was ordained in the Anglican ministry as a deacon to the curacy of Winwick, Northamptonshire, and in 1840 was presented a priest in 1840 to the vicarage of Chaddleworth, Berkshire, by the dean and chapter of Westminster, on the nomination of his uncle, then canon of Westminster. There he had daily service and wrote a ''Life of Tasso'' and some smaller books. In 1851 he exchanged Chaddleworth for the larger living of Lambourn, also in Berkshire. He served as the vicar of Lambourn, Berkshire from 1851 to 1862 and then as vicar of Great Marlow, Berkshire from 1862 to 1867. He was appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
