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Gamelan Gadhon
A ''gamelan gadhon'' is an ensemble consisting of the 'soft' instruments of the Javanese gamelan. This can include ''rebab'', '' gendér'', '' gendér panerus'', voice, ''slenthem'', ''suling'', ''siter'', gong, ''kempul'', ''kenong'' and ''kendhang''. The instruments and their functions The ''rebab'', a two-stringed fiddle, is the melodic leader of the ensemble. The ''rebab'' player signals changes between sections of a piece, and to a new piece. The '' gendér'' is a tube-resonated metallophone with fourteen keys suspended by string above metal tubes. The ''gendér'' plays improvisatory patterns called ''cengkok'' which link one ''seleh'' note to the next. Each pattern can be played in many ways and the musician chooses how to play each one at the time, according to the style of the piece, the ''pathet'', the ''irama'', and other musical considerations. The ''slenthem'' is a low-pitched tube-resonated metallophone played with a large padded mallet held in one hand, with the ot ...
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Gamelan
Gamelan () ( jv, ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀, su, ᮌᮙᮨᮜᮔ᮪, ban, ᬕᬫᭂᬮᬦ᭄) is the traditional ensemble music of the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese peoples of Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments. The most common instruments used are metallophones played by mallets and a set of hand-played drums called '' kendhang/Kendang'', which register the beat. The kemanak (a banana-shaped idiophone) and gangsa (another metallophone) are commonly used gamelan instruments in Bali. Other instruments include xylophones, bamboo flutes, a bowed instrument called a ''rebab'', a zither-like instrument '' siter'' (in Javanese ensemble) and vocalists named '' sindhen'' (female) or ''gerong'' (male).Sumarsam (1998)''Introduction to Javanese Gamelan'' Middletown. Although the popularity of gamelan has declined since the introduction of pop music, gamelan is still commonly played in many traditional ceremonies and other modern activities in Indon ...
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Pathet
Pathet ( jv, ꦥꦛꦼꦠ꧀, translit=Pathet, also patet) is an organizing concept in central Javanese gamelan music in Indonesia. It is a system of tonal hierarchies in which some notes are emphasized more than others. The word means '"to damp, or to restrain from" in Javanese. ''Pathet'' is "a limitation on the player's choice of variation, so that while in one ''pathet'' a certain note may be prominent, in another it must be avoided, or used only for special effect. Awareness of such limitations, and exploration of variation within them reflects a basic philosophical aim of gamelan music, and indeed all art in central Java, namely, the restraint and refinement of one's own behaviour." Javanese often give poetic explanations of pathet, such as "Pathet is the couch or bed of a melody." In essence, a pathet indicates which notes are stressed in the melody, especially at the end of phrases ( seleh), as well as determines which elaborations ( cengkok and sekaran) are appropria ...
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Salendro
The gamelan salendro is a form of gamelan music found in West Java, Indonesia. It is played as an accompaniment to wayang golek (rod puppet) performances and dances. It uses a similar ensemble as a small central Javanese gamelan, but has developed differently, and shows the more exuberant character.Broughton, Simon, et al., eds. ''World Music: The Rough Guide''. London: The Rough Guides, 1994. Pages 420-421. See also * Gamelan * Degung * Angklung The ( Sundanese: ) is a musical instrument from the Sundanese people in Indonesia made of a varying number of bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. The tubes are carved to have a resonant pitch when struck and are tuned to octaves, similar ... References Gamelan ensembles and genres Sundanese music {{music-genre-stub ...
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Munggang
''Gamelan Munggang'' are considered among the most ancient gamelans of the '' kraton'' (courts) of central Java. The ensemble of instruments consists of ''gong ageng'', ''kempul'', ''kendang'' and horizontal gong chimes tuned to three pitches. Very low in absolute pitch, each ensemble consists of two types: ''pelog'' and ''slendro''.Mantle Hood, José Maceda (1972). ''Music, Part 3; Part 6'', p.13. . There is a repertory of several repetitive pieces, the best known permutation being high-middle-high-low. It is theorized that ''pelog'' was derived from the three note munggang scale.Kay Kaufman Shelemay (1990). ''Ethnomusicological theory and method'', p.68. . The origin of the munggang ensembles themselves are described in Javanese myths, however the first one may have been imported to Indonesia in the first century CE, with the first ensemble constructed by the Javanese made in the 4th century. See also * Gamelan * Gong gede Gamelan gong gede, meaning "gamelan with the large g ...
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Gamelan
Gamelan () ( jv, ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀, su, ᮌᮙᮨᮜᮔ᮪, ban, ᬕᬫᭂᬮᬦ᭄) is the traditional ensemble music of the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese peoples of Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments. The most common instruments used are metallophones played by mallets and a set of hand-played drums called '' kendhang/Kendang'', which register the beat. The kemanak (a banana-shaped idiophone) and gangsa (another metallophone) are commonly used gamelan instruments in Bali. Other instruments include xylophones, bamboo flutes, a bowed instrument called a ''rebab'', a zither-like instrument '' siter'' (in Javanese ensemble) and vocalists named '' sindhen'' (female) or ''gerong'' (male).Sumarsam (1998)''Introduction to Javanese Gamelan'' Middletown. Although the popularity of gamelan has declined since the introduction of pop music, gamelan is still commonly played in many traditional ceremonies and other modern activities in Indon ...
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Alok
Alok is an Indian given name of Sanskrit origin. People with the given name Alok *Alok (DJ) (born 1991), Brazilian DJ and music producer * Alok Bhargava (born 1954), Indian-American econometrician *Alok R. Chaturvedi, Professor of Information Systems * Alok Dixit, journalist and social activist *Alok Jena (born 1948), Indian cricketer * Alok Kapali (born 1984), Bangladeshi cricketer * Alok Mehta, Indian Hindi journalist, editor-in-chief of ''National Dunia'' *Alok Kumar Mehta (born 1966), Indian politician, member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India * Alok Mukherjee (born c. 1945), Canadian human rights and equity facilitator * Alok Nath (born 1956), Indian film actor *Alok Nembang, Nepali singer and director * Alok Sharma (born 1967), Indian-born British politician *Alok Tiwari Alok Tiwari (born 1 June 1972 om Village Jamuni, Siddharth Nagar District) is a politician from Samajwadi Party. He is a member of Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Provin ...
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Gerong
''Gerong'' ( jv, ꦒꦼꦫꦺꦴꦁ, translit=gerong) is the Javanese verb meaning "to sing in a chorus." ''Penggerong'' is the proper name of a member of the chorus, but often the word gerong is used to refer to the unison male chorus that sings with the gamelan. The chorus or the melody may also be called the gerongan. The gerong generally sings in distinct sections of a gamelan composition. Certain standard texts in Javanese poetic meters of various structures are used in many compositions; some are based in Javanese poetic forms known as macapat. Some pieces have specific texts written for them, but this is often a special treatment. Female singers are referred to as ''pesindhen'', and may sing in a separate group, a combined group with the men, or as a solo female voice, with or without a male chorus. A gerong part is different from that of a single female singer sindhen, in that the chorus must sing together, and is generally more connected to the steady pulse of the underl ...
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Gambang
A gambang, properly called a gambang kayu ('wooden gambang') is a xylophone-like instrument used among people of Indonesia in gamelan and kulintang, with wooden bars as opposed to the metallic ones of the more typical metallophones in a gamelan. A largely obsolete instrument, the gambang gangsa, is a similar instrument made with metal bars. Gambang kayu The bars of the instrument are made of a se wood, generally teak. It also found in ironwood (kayu besi). The bars mounted in a deep wooden case that serves as a resonator. Instruments typically have 17-21 keys that are easily removed, and are kept in place by having a hole through which a nail is placed. Generally a full gamelan has two sets, one gambang pelog and the other one gambang slendro. A pair of long thin mallets (''tabuh''), made of flexible water buffalo horn tipped with felt, are used to play the instrument. Gambangs are generally played in parallel octaves (gembyang). Occasionally, other styles of playing are employed ...
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Gong Ageng
The gong ageng (or gong gedhe in Ngoko Javanese, means large gong) is an Indonesian musical instrument used in the Javanese gamelan. It is the largest of the bronze gongs in the Javanese and Balinese gamelan orchestra and the only large gong that is called ''gong'' in Javanese.Lindsay, Jennifer (1992). ''Javanese Gamelan'', p.10-11. . "The largest phrase of a gamelan melody is marked by the deepest sounding and largest instrument, the large gong or ''gong ageng''....The ''gong ageng'' is made of bronze..." Unlike the more famous Chinese or Turkish tam-tams, Indonesian gongs have fixed, focused pitch, and are dissimilar to the familiar crash cymbal sound. It is circular, with a conical, tapering base of diameter smaller than gong face, with a protruding polished boss where it is struck by a padded mallet. Gongs with diameter as large as have been created in the past, but gongs larger than about are more common especially to suit the budget of educational institutions.Wasist ...
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Balungan
The ''balungan'' ( jv, skeleton, frame) is sometimes called the "core melody" or, "skeletal melodic outline," of a Javanese gamelan composition. This corresponds to the view that gamelan music is heterophonic: the ''balungan'' is then the melody which is being elaborated. "An abstraction of the inner melody felt by musicians," the ''balungan'' is, "the part most frequently notated by Javanese musicians, and the only one likely to be used in performance."Anderson Sutton, Richard (1991). ''Traditions of Gamelan Music in Java: Musical Pluralism and Regional Identity'', p.xix. Cambridge University. . The group of instruments which play the closest to the ''balungan'' are sometimes also called the ''balungan'', or ''balungan'' instruments. These are the ''saron'' family and the '' slenthem''. In many pieces, they play the ''balungan''. However, they can also elaborate on the parts in a variety of techniques. It is possible that there is no instrument playing the ''balungan'', althoug ...
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