Freestyle Skateboarding
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Freestyle Skateboarding
Freestyle skateboarding (or freestyle) is one of the oldest styles of skateboarding and was intermittently popular from the 1960s until the early 1990s, when the final large-scale professional freestyle skateboarding competition was held. Description The emphasis in freestyle is technical flat ground skateboarding. Often a freestyler will need little more than a board and a smooth, flat surface. Music and choreography have always been an essential part of the professional freestyle routine. History 1950s and 1960s Freestyle in the 1950s was created by members of the surfing culture who sought an alternative during times when conditions were not conducive to surfing—surfers would imitate their water-based maneuvers on skateboards when ocean conditions were poor. In the 1960s, many freestyle tricks were derived from gymnastics and dancing. 1970s and 1980s The following two decades were defined by a progression towards technical, fluid, and more creative routines. Influential ...
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Rodney Mullen
John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder who practices freestyle skateboarding and street skateboarding. He is considered one of the most influential skaters in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the flatground ollie, kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip. As a result, he has been called the "Godfather of freestyle Skateboarding". Rodney Mullen won his first world freestyle skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 34 out of 35 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport. Over the following years, he transitioned from freestyle to street skateboarding, adapting his accumulated freestyle skills to street and inventing or expanding upon additional tricks in the process, such as primo slides, dark slides, and Casper slides. Mullen has appeared in over 20 skateboarding videos and has co-authore ...
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Freestyle Skateboarding Tricks
A freestyle skateboarding trick is a trick performed with a skateboard while freestyle skateboarding. Some of these tricks are done in a stationary position, unlike many other skateboarding tricks. The keys to a good freestyle contest run are variety, difficulty, fluidity, and creativity. This is an incomplete list, which includes most notable tricks. Terminology *nose – the part of the board that is normally leading in the riding direction *tail – the part of the board that is normally trailing in the riding direction *truck – the collective name for the front and rear axle assemblies of a skateboard *fakie – to ride backwards *pivot – to "kickturn", "spin", or "turn the board horizontally" *varial – to spin 180 degrees or more, as in a varial kickflip (180 pop shove-it + kickflip), body varial (body spins 180 degrees landing in an opposite stance), or 360 varial (often in vert, a 360 pop shove-it that's caught) *scoop – to push down on the tail/nose with a foot a ...
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Stefan "Lillis" Åkesson
Stefan may refer to: * Stefan (given name) * Stefan (surname) * Ștefan, a Romanian given name and a surname * Štefan, a Slavic given name and surname * Stefan (footballer) (born 1988), Brazilian footballer * Stefan Heym, pseudonym of German writer Helmut Flieg (1913–2001) * Stefan (honorific), a Serbian title * ''Stefan'' (album), a 1987 album by Dennis González See also * Stefan number, a dimensionless number used in heat transfer * Sveti Stefan Sveti Stefan ( Montenegrin and Serbian: Свети Стефан, ; lit. "Saint Stephen") is a town in Budva Municipality, on the Adriatic coast of Montenegro, approximately southeast of Budva. The town is known for the Aman Sveti Stefan resort, ... or Saint Stefan, a small islet in Montenegro * Stefanus (other) {{Disambiguation ...
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Chronicle Books
Chronicle Books is a San Francisco-based American publisher of books for adults and children. The company was established in 1967 by Phelps Dewey, an executive with Chronicle Publishing Company, then-publisher of the ''San Francisco Chronicle''. In 1999 it was bought by Nion McEvoy, great-grandson of M. H. de Young, founder of the ''Chronicle'', from other family members who were selling off the company's assets. At the time Chronicle Books had a staff of 130 and published 300 books per year, with a catalog of more than 1,000 books. In 2000 McEvoy set up the McEvoy Group as a holding company. In 2008, Chronicle acquired Handprint Books. Publications Chronicle Books publishes books in subjects such as architecture, art, culture, interior design, cooking, children's books, gardening, pop culture, fiction, food, travel, and photography. It has published a number of ''New York Times'' Best Sellers; the ''Griffin and Sabine'' series by Nick Bantock, '' Me Without You'' by Lisa S ...
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Flip Trick
A flip trick is a type of skateboarding trick in which the skateboard rotates around its vertical axis, or its vertical axis and its horizontal axis simultaneously. The first flip trick, called a kickflip but originally known as a "magic flip", was invented by professional skateboarder Rodney Mullen. General terms The following is a list of general skateboarding terms that will assist novice readers to better understand the descriptions of flip tricks contained in this article: Frontside and backside The concepts of frontside and backside originate from surfing, whereby the terms defined the position of the surfer in relation to the wave. * "Frontside" – executing a trick, whereby your front side faces the direction of travel or the obstacle that is the subject of the trick. This is counterclockwise for regular-footed riders and clockwise for goofy-footed riders. * "Backside" – opposite of frontside, backside flip tricks are executed with the rider's back facing the dire ...
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Ollie (skateboarding Trick)
The ollie is a skateboarding trick where the rider and board leap into the air without the use of the rider's hands. It is the combination of stomping, also known as popping, the tail of the skateboard off the ground to get the board mostly vertical, jumping, and sliding the front foot forward to level out the skateboard at the peak of the jump. The ollie is a fundamental skill in skateboarding. Ollies are necessary to leap onto, over, or off of obstacles. As most flip tricks depend on it, the ollie is often the first skill to be learned by a new skateboarder and typically takes considerable practice to learn. Origin of the technique In 1978, Alan Gelfand, who was given his nickname "Ollie" by Scott Goodman, learned to perform frontside no-handed aerials in bowls and pools using a gentle raising of the nose and scooping motion to keep the board with the feet. There are numerous references to Alan Gelfand's ollie, most notably pictures in the 1970s skateboarding magazine ''Skate ...
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Per Welinder
Per Nils Welinder (born April 17, 1962) is a Swedish entrepreneur and former professional skateboarder. During the 1980s he achieved international fame as a freestyle skater and was a leading member of the Powell-Peralta skate team known as the "Bones Brigade". He had a number of influential video parts with Powell during the 1980s, a series of signature models, and roles in several Hollywood movies. Welinder also has the unique distinction of being the only person to have ever beaten Rodney Mullen in a professional skate contest. Biography Welinder was born in Täby, just outside Stockholm. In the 1980s, Welinder and Rodney Mullen were competitors in freestyle skateboarding, and Welinder regularly placed second to Mullen's first place. At a 1983 contest, Mullen skated uncharacteristically below form and Welinder won. Mullen retired for a year and was soon allowed to return to the scene, overshadowing Welinder and all the other freestylers, but Welinder consistently was the se ...
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Joe Humeres
Joe Humeres (born 1965 in Santiago, Chile) is a United States National champion freestyle skateboarder. In 1988, he became New York City's first professional skateboarder. Humeres appears in the 2009 documentary ''Deathbowl to Downtown'' and the book ''FULL BLEED'', both of which are about the history of New York City skateboarding. He appears prominently in the 2022 film VIRGIN BLACKTOP: A New York Skate Odyssey'. Humeres grew up in Nyack, New York, and started skateboarding at age 11. In 1977 he and other kids from Nyack and nearby Hudson River towns formed a group of skateboarders called the "Wizards" which competed in contests in the Northeast, performed at exhibitions in the suburbs of New York City, and frequented Skate-Away Skateboard Arena, an indoor skatepark in Nanuet, New York. Amateur Joe Humeres is the titleholder of the United States National Skateboard Association's (now known as World Cup of Skateboarding) 1988 Amateur Freestyle Skateboarding competition held in P ...
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Russ Howell
Russell Wayne Howell (born September 1949) is a professional skateboarder. While working towards his degree in physical education, Howell competed and won many freestyle skateboarding competitions throughout his skating career. Life and career Howell was born in September 1949 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, but moved with his family to Long Beach, California when he was nine months old. Howell first began skateboarding at the age of 9 in 1958. At the age of 19, Howell entered the United States Air Force, where his roommate got him interested in skiing. After his service, he received a two-year degree in mathematics from a junior college. From there, Howell studied physical education at California State University, Long Beach, eventually earning a Bachelor's degree in 1979. While working and going to school full-time, Howell began teaching people how to skateboard for free. Encouraged by his students to try competing in a skate contest, he enrolled as a competitor in the 197 ...
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Skateboarding Styles
A skateboard style refers to the way a skateboarder prefers to ride a skateboard. Skateboard styles can be broadly divided into two different categories: skateboarding to perform tricks and skateboarding as a means of transportation. Styles of skateboarding have evolved over time and are influenced by a number of factors including sociocultural evolution, mass media, music, technology, corporate influence and individual skill level. The styles used by different skateboarders when riding skateboards should not be confused with skater style, the manner in which skateboarders dress or act in relation to skateboarding culture. Styles Freestyle Probably the oldest style of skateboarding, freestyle skateboarding developed from the use of skateboards as a mode of transport in the 1960s. Professional freestyle competitions often involved music and choreography and focused on fluidity and technical skill. The style changed significantly with the introduction of ollies and other trick ...
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Gymnastics
Gymnastics is a type of sport that includes physical exercises requiring balance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination, dedication and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and abdominal muscle groups. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and from circus performance skills. The most common form of competitive gymnastics is artistic gymnastics (AG), which consists of, for women (WAG), the events floor, vault, uneven bars, and beam; and for men (MAG), the events floor, vault, rings, pommel horse, parallel bars, and horizontal bar. The governing body for gymnastics throughout the world is the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). Eight sports are governed by the FIG, which include gymnastics for all, men's and women's artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampolining (including ...
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