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First Mixed Brigade
The First Mixed Brigade ( es, 1.ª Brigada Mixta), also known as Brigada Lister, was a mixed brigade of the Spanish Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War. It was disbanded on 9 February 1939. History The First Mixed Brigade was established from the Fifth Regiment on 10 October 1936 in Alcalá de Henares as a result of the reorganization of the Spanish Republican Armed forces. It was put under the command of Communist commander Enrique Lister. The first combat action of the First Mixed Brigade was the Battle of Seseña. It would suffer many losses in the Battle of Brunete, including its Cuban brigade commander Alberto Sánchez, as well as a great number of officers and Chief of Staff Major Emilio Conejo. Later the First Mixed Brigade would see action in the Aragon Offensive, the Battle of the Ebro and the Catalonia Offensive. Central Front During the Siege of Madrid it was posted in Vallecas, where, with great losses, it helped repulse the attacks of the Army of Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Spain 1931 1939
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilio Conejo
Emilio may refer to: * Emilio Navaira, a Mexican-American singer often called "Emilio" * Emilio Piazza Memorial School, in Port Harcourt, Rivers State * Emilio (given name) * ''Emilio'' (film), a 2008 film by Kim Jorgensen See also * Emílio (other) Emílio is a variant of the given names Emil, Emilio and Emilios, and may refer to: *Emílio Garrastazu Médici, Brazilian politician * Emílio Peixe, Brazilian footballer * Emílio Lino, Portuguese fencer * Emílio da Silva, footballer *Emílio ... * Emilios (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Jarama
The Battle of Jarama (6–27 February 1937) was an attempt by General Francisco Franco's Nationalists to dislodge the Republican lines along the river Jarama, just east of Madrid, during the Spanish Civil War. Elite Spanish Legionnaires and Moroccan ''Regulares'' from the Army of Africa forced back the Republican Army of the Centre, including the International Brigades, but after days of fierce fighting no breakthrough was achieved. Republican counterattacks along the captured ground likewise failed, resulting in heavy casualties to both sides. Preliminaries By winter of 1936–37 the Nationalist forces, led by General Francisco Franco, having failed to carry Madrid by storm in November 1936, resolved to cut off the city by crossing the Jarama to the south east and severing Madrid's communications with the '' pro tempore'' Republican capital of Valencia.Beevor 1999, p. 151 General Emilio Mola was in overall command of the Nationalist forces around Madrid and plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villaverde (Madrid)
Villaverde is one of the 21 districts of the city of Madrid, Spain. Geography and history The municipality was absorbed by Madrid in the 1950s as a result of the plans that the Franco government made to simplify the structure of big city administrations. Since then, is a district. It was in those years when it experimented a massive growth caused by the rural flight in Spain. This is the reason that made Villaverde a typical working class neighbourhood. This condition leaves a heavy footprint in the district, because it has conditioned the current population composition, with many retired people (some of them returning to their towns in Andalusia, Castile-León, ...) and immigrants attracted by the cheap housing prices. The district is administratively divided into five wards ('): *Butarque * Los Ángeles * Los Rosales * San Cristóbal de los Ángeles * Villaverde Alto *El Espinillo Espinillo may refer to: * '' Prosopis affinis'' or Espinillo, a species of flowering tree * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerro De Los Ángeles
The Cerro de los Ángeles (''Hill of the Angels'') is a hill located in Getafe, Spain, about south of Madrid. The site is famous for being the geographic centre of the Iberian Peninsula. On top of the hill there is a fourteenth-century monastery named Our Lady of the Angels (''Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles''), as well as the Monument to the Sacred Heart of Jesus (''Monumento al Sagrado Corazón''), built in 1919 to dedicate the country and inaugurated by king Alfonso XIII. The original monument was created by architect Carlos Maura Nadal and sculptor Aniceto Marinas y García, and was inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII on 30 May 1919. Republicans dynamited the monument on 7 August 1936 during the Spanish Civil War, due to its religious and political symbolism, and because the Catholic Church in Spain supported the Nationalists. There was a proposal to replace it with a figure representing Liberty or the Republic, but this was not executed due to the war and the defeat of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th Mixed Brigade
9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Arabic digit In the beginning, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and Gupta started curving the bottom vertical line coming up with a -look-alike. The Nagari continued the bottom stroke to make a circle and enclose the 3-look-alike, in much the same way that the sign @ encircles a lowercase ''a''. As time went on, the enclosing circle became bigger and its line continued beyond the circle downwards, as the 3-look-alike became smaller. Soon, all that was left of the 3-look-alike was a squiggle. The Arabs simply connected that squiggle to the downward stroke at the middle and subsequent European change was purely cosmetic. While the shape of the glyph for the digit 9 has an ascender in most modern typefaces, in typefaces with text figures the character usually has a descender, as, for example, in . The mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manzanares River
The Manzanares () is a river in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, which flows from the Sierra de Guadarrama, passes through Madrid, and eventually empties into the Jarama river, which in turn is a right-bank tributary to the Tagus. In its urban section, the Manzanares River was modified to create a section of water several meters deep, in some parts navigable by canoes. This project of channeling and damming has been partially reversed in a re-naturalization project. Course Sources The Manzanares has its sources in the southern slope of the , a branch of the Sierra de Guadarrama (the main eastern section of the Sistema Central), in the municipality of Manzanares el Real, in the Madrid region. It is formally called Manzanares after the confluence of the arroyo de la Condesa and the Arroyo de Valdemartín. The Arroyo de la Condesa is in turn born in the , a traditionally resilient snowdrift, and its watershed comprises the slopes in between La Maliciosa (2,227 m), the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Of Africa (Spain)
The Army of Africa ( es, Ejército de África, ar, الجيش الإسباني في أفريقيا, Al-Jaysh al-Isbānī fī Afriqā) or Moroccan Army Corps ( es, Cuerpo de Ejército Marroquí') was a field army of the Spanish Army that garrisoned the Spanish protectorate in Morocco from the late 19th century until Morocco's independence in 1956. At the start of the 20th century, the Spanish Empire's colonial possessions in Africa comprised Morocco, Spanish Sahara, Ifni, Cape Juby and Spanish Guinea. Spanish Morocco Spanish Morocco was the closest Spanish colonial territory to mainland Spain and the most difficult to control. A major Moroccan revolt against both Spanish and French colonial rule began in 1921, with the destruction of a Spanish army at Annual. The Rif tribes were finally subdued only with difficulty by substantial Franco-Spanish forces after several years of fighting. Background and origins Spain maintained garrisons in its two Moroccan coastal enclaves o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julio Aróstegui
Julio Aróstegui Sánchez (1939–2013) was a Spanish historian. Professor at the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), some of his research lines included the study of political violence in Modern Spanish history, Carlism, the Spanish Transition, the Spanish Civil War, the history of the workers' movement and collective memory. His scholar production also intertwined with the theoretical problems of history and the methodology of research. Biography Born on 24 July 1939 in Granada, Aróstegui studied at the Colegio Mayor Isabel la Católica, thanks to a scholarship. He took higher studies at the University of Granada and in Madrid. He earned a chair as professor of secondary education in a high school in Vitoria in 1967. He earned a PhD in History in 1970 by reading a dissertation titled ''El carlismo alavés y la guerra civil de 1870-1976'', supervised by . He worked for years attached to the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). He earned a Chair of His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vallecas
Vallecas was a municipality of Spain that disappeared as such in 1950, when its annexation to the Municipality of Madrid was effectuated. Nowadays it is a large neighborhood of Madrid composed of two districts: Puente de Vallecas (population 240,917) and Villa de Vallecas (population 65,162). Overview Vallecas is known for its working-class inhabitants who have given it the local names Vallekas or Valle del Kas. Many initiatives that take place in the district show this countercultural attitude by replacing the letter ''c'' with ''k'', examples of this are the local radio station Radio Vallekas, the local television channel Tele K, the music festival Vallekas Rock, etc. The local pride coalesces around the Rayo Vallecano football team. During the 1960s, many Spanish immigrants to the Madrid conurbation settled in Vallecas, forming the largest slum area around Madrid. During the decades of the Francoist State, Vallecas earned its reputation as a neighbourhood of resistance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Madrid
The siege of Madrid was a two-and-a-half-year siege of the Republican-controlled Spanish capital city of Madrid by the Nationalist armies, under General Francisco Franco, during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The city, besieged from October 1936, fell to the Nationalist armies on 28 March 1939. The Battle of Madrid in November 1936 saw the most intense fighting in and around the city when the Nationalists made their most determined attempt to take the Republican capital. The highest military awards of the Spanish Republic, the Laureate Plate of Madrid ( es, Placa Laureada de Madrid), and the Madrid Distinction ( es, Distintivo de Madrid), established by the Republican government to reward courage, were named after the capital of Spain because the city symbolised valour and Republican resistance during the long siege throughout the war. Uprising: Madrid held for the Republic (July 1936) The Spanish Civil War began with a failed ''coup d'état'' against the Popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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