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Fritz Koechlin
The Koechlin family (; ; originally also spelled Köchlin and Köchli) is a French Alsatian family of Swiss origin originally hailing from Stein am Rhein near Schaffhausen. They expanded over several generations via Zurich and emigrated to Mulhouse where they acquired substantial wealth in the textile industry and held several public offices as politicians, military officers and judges. In 1782, the formerly Swiss family, remigrated to Switzerland and took Swiss citizenship in Basel. There they became members of the social upper class as well, mostly through marrying into families of the Daig (Switzerland). Through these alliances with families such as the Merian family, Burckhardt family and Geigy family they became industrialists, clergy and politicians. Most notably they were involved in J.R. Geigy (presently Novartis) and responsible to turning the firm into a global concern. In 1874 and 1886, a second and third line of the Alsatian Koechlin families, became citizens i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family Business
A family business is a commercial organization in which decision-making is influenced by multiple generations of a family, related by Consanguinity , blood, marriage or adoption, who has both the ability to influence the vision of the business and the willingness to use this ability to pursue distinctive goals. They are closely identified with the firm through leadership or ownership. Owner-manager entrepreneurial firms are not considered to be family businesses because they lack the multi-generational dimension and family influence that create the unique dynamics and relationships of family businesses. Overview A family business is the oldest and most common model of economic organization. The vast majority of businesses throughout the world—from corner shops to multinational publicly listed organizations with hundreds of thousands of employees—can be considered as family businesses. Based on research of the ''Forbes 400'' richest Americans, 44% of the ''Forbes 400'' member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Koechlin
The Koechlin family (; ; originally also spelled Köchlin and Köchli) is a French Alsatian family of Swiss origin originally hailing from Stein am Rhein near Schaffhausen. They expanded over several generations via Zurich and emigrated to Mulhouse where they acquired substantial wealth in the textile industry and held several public offices as politicians, military officers and judges. In 1782, the formerly Swiss family, remigrated to Switzerland and took Swiss citizenship in Basel. There they became members of the social upper class as well, mostly through marrying into families of the Daig (Switzerland). Through these alliances with families such as the Merian family, Burckhardt family and Geigy family they became industrialists, clergy and politicians. Most notably they were involved in J.R. Geigy (presently Novartis) and responsible to turning the firm into a global concern. In 1874 and 1886, a second and third line of the Alsatian Koechlin families, became citizens i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Koechlin
Maurice Koechlin (3 June 1856 – 14 January 1946) was a Franco-Swiss structural engineer from the Koechlin family. Life A member of the renowned Alsatian Koechlin family, he was born in Buhl, Haut-Rhin, the son of Jean Koechlin and his wife Anne Marie (Anaïs), née Beuck. He was the first cousin once removed of André Koechlin, and the great-grandfather of actress Kalki Koechlin. When France lost the Franco-Prussian war to Prussia in 1871 the entire Koechlin family decided to become citizens of Switzerland and thus dropped French citizenship. After the defeat of the German Empire in 1918, however, the Koechlin family again applied for French citizenship. Maurice attended the lycée in Mulhouse, then between 1873 and 1877 studied civil engineering at the Polytechnikum Zürich under Carl Culmann. In 1876 he became a citizen of Zurich ("''Zürcher Bürger''") Between 1877 and 1879 he worked for the French railway company "''Chemin de Fer de l'Est''". Much of his wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buhl, Haut-Rhin
Buhl (; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It inhabitants are called ''Buhlois'' (male) or ''Buhloises'' (female). Geography Buhl is situated in the valley of the Lauch, at the foot of the Vosges Mountains and the Grand Ballon (1424 m) and surrounded by forests whose hills reach altitudes ranging from 395 to 860 metres. The village is crossed by the Lauch, a gentle stream with clear, limpid water, in the heart of the Florival valley, 3 km from Guebwiller. Buhl owes its name to its picturesque site on the Bühele hill, from which the village and church dominate a large part of the valley. The commune covers an area of 880 hectares and extends into two confluent valleys. The commune is crossed by three water courses, the Lauch, the Murbach and the Krebsbach. Buhl looks over several forested hills which border the village: *le Demberg (altitude 628 m) *le Schimerg (582 m) whose steep sides are covered with vines *le Geisskopf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guebwiller
Guebwiller (; Alsatian language, Alsatian: ''Gàwiller'' ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Haut-Rhin Departments of France, département in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It was a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. It is situated northwest of Mulhouse at the foot of the Vosges mountains. The ''Ballon de Guebwiller'', the highest point in the Vosges, lies to the west of the town. In 2018, Guebwiller had a population of 11,022 and its urban unit, urban area had a population of 28,662. History Guebweiler, as Gebweiler, is mentioned as early as 774. It belonged to the religious foundation of Murbach Abbey, Murbach, and in 1759 the abbots chose it for their residence. In 1789, at the outbreak of the French Revolution, the monastic buildings were laid in ruins, and, though the archives were rescued and removed to Colmar, the library perished. Geography Climate Guebwiller has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification ''Cfb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Bernoulli
Johann Bernoulli (also known as Jean in French or John in English; – 1 January 1748) was a Swiss mathematician and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family. He is known for his contributions to infinitesimal calculus and educating Leonhard Euler in the pupil's youth. Biography Early life Johann was born in Basel, the son of Nicolaus Bernoulli, an apothecary, and his wife, Margarethe Schongauer, and began studying medicine at University of Basel. His father desired that he study business so that he might take over the family spice trade, but Johann Bernoulli did not like business and convinced his father to allow him to study medicine instead. Johann Bernoulli began studying mathematics on the side with his older brother Jacob Bernoulli. Throughout Johann Bernoulli's education at Basel University, the Bernoulli brothers worked together, spending much of their time studying the newly discovered infinitesimal calculus. They were among the first mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plenipotentiary
A ''plenipotentiary'' (from the Latin ''plenus'' "full" and ''potens'' "powerful") is a diplomat who has full powers—authorization to sign a treaty or convention on behalf of a sovereign. When used as a noun more generally, the word can also refer to any person who has full powers. As an adjective, it describes something which confers full powers, such as an edict or an assignment. Diplomats Before the era of rapid international transport or essentially instantaneous communication (such as telegraphy in the mid-19th century and then radio), diplomatic mission chiefs were granted full (plenipotentiary) powers to represent their government in negotiations with their host nation. Conventionally, any representations made or agreements reached with a plenipotentiary would be recognized and complied with by their government. Historically, the common generic term for high diplomats of the crown or state was ''minister''. It therefore became customary to style the chiefs of full ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guerlain
Guerlain () is a French perfume, cosmetics, and skincare house which is among the oldest in the world. Many traditional Guerlain fragrances are characterized by a common olfactory accord known as the "". The house was founded in Paris in 1828 by the perfumer Pierre-François Pascal Guerlain. It was run by the Guerlain family until 1994, when it was bought by the French multinational company LVMH. Its flagship store is 68, Avenue des Champs-Elysées in Paris. History The House of Guerlain was owned and managed by members of the Guerlain family from its inception in 1828 to 1994. It was acquired in 1994 by the LVMH group, a French multinational investment corporation specializing in luxury brands. Beginning The House of Guerlain was founded in 1828, when Pierre-François Pascal Guerlain opened his perfume store at 42, rue de Rivoli in Paris. As both the founder and first perfumer of the house, Pierre-François composed and manufactured custom fragrances with the help of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of The Defence Staff (France)
The Chief of the Defence Staff (, CEMA; ) is the military head of the French Armed Forces, Armed Forces of the France, French Republic, overseeing all military operations (under reserve of the particular dispositions relative to Force de dissuasion, nuclear deterrence). They are responsible to the Minister of the Armed Forces (France), Minister of the Armed Forces and their deputy is the Major General of the Defence Staff (France), Major General of the Defence Staff. Since the 1950s, the office has been held only by four-star generals (OF–9), either from the Army, the Navy, or the Air and Space Force. The current Chief is General Thierry Burkhard, who took the position on 22 July 2021. History Commander-in-Chief of the Armies While non-official, the term Generalissimo or « () » was employed since 1914 to designate the individual who in reality was Commander-in-Chief of the armies of the North and North-East « () ». The term would be made official in 1915 when Joffre w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Général De Corps D'armée
An army corps general or corps general is a rank held by a general officer who commands an army corps. The rank originates from the General officer#French Revolutionary system, French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries. Normally, the rank is above the divisional general and below the army general, so it usually corresponds to the lieutenant general. However, in some countries such as Spain, Brazil, and Peru, the rank of army corps general is not used, in Spain the rank of army corps general is replaced by the rank of lieutenant general, while in some countries such as Brazil and Peru, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general. Algeria The rank of was created in November 1994 as the highest rank in the Algerian People's National Armed Forces, Armée nationale populaire (ANP), the rank below it being Major General. Its rank badge shows three stars. The first officer to be promoted to the rank was general Mohamed Lamari, chief o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Councillor Of State (France)
A council of state is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the Cabinet (government), cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head of state. In some countries it functions as a Administrative court, supreme administrative court and is sometimes regarded as the equivalent of a privy council. Modern * Council of State (Belgium), Belgian Council of State is a judicial and advisory body that assists the executive with obligatory legal advice on each draft law and is the supreme court for administrative justice * State Council of the People's Republic of China, Chinese State Council is the country's highest executive body * Council of State of Colombia, Colombian Council of State * Cuban Council of State * Danish Council of State is similar to a privy council with a largely ceremonial role * Dutch Council of State is an advisory body that consists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prefect (France)
A prefect (, plural , both ) in France is the State's representative in a Departments of France, department or Regions of France, region. Regional prefects are ''ex officio'' the departmental prefects of the regional Prefectures in France, prefecture. Prefects are tasked with upholding the law in the department they serve in, including controlling the actions of local authorities. Prefects are appointed by decree by the President of France when presiding over the Government of France, government's Council of Ministers, following a proposal by the Prime Minister of France, Prime Minister and the Minister of the Interior (France), Minister of the Interior. They serve at the government's discretion and can be replaced at any meeting of the Council of Ministers. To uphold the law, they are authorised to undertake a wide variety of actions, such as coordinating police forces, enforcing immigration rules, controlling authorities' finances, as well as suing local collectivities in the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
