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Freedom Industries
The Elk River chemical spill occurred on January 9, 2014, when crude 4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM) was released from a Freedom Industries facility into the Elk River, a tributary of the Kanawha River, in Charleston in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The chemical spill occurred upstream from the principal West Virginia American Water intake and treatment and distribution center. Following the spill, up to 300,000 residents within nine counties in the Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area were without access to potable water. The areas affected were portions of Boone, Clay, Jackson, Kanawha, Lincoln, Logan, Putnam, and Roane counties and the Culloden area of Cabell County. Crude MCHM is a chemical foam used to wash coal and remove impurities that contribute to pollution during combustion. The "do-not-use" advisory for drinking water from West Virginia American Water's system began to be gradually lifted by West Virginia state officials on January 13 based upo ...
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Charleston, West Virginia
Charleston () is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in West Virginia, most populous city of the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is the county seat of Kanawha County, West Virginia, Kanawha County and is at the confluence of the Elk River (West Virginia), Elk and Kanawha River, Kanawha rivers. The population was 48,864 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census and estimated at 46,482 in 2024. The Charleston metropolitan area, West Virginia, Charleston metropolitan area has approximately 203,000 residents. In 1773, William Morris built the first permanent settlement in the Kanawha Valley, Fort Morris. It was built about 20 miles upstream of Charleston at the confluence of Kellys Creek, near the burned ruins of Walter Kelly's cabin, before Lord Dunmore's War, and was used extensively during the American Revolution. In 1794, the town of Charleston was incorporated by the Virginia House of Delegates with the trustees being William Morri ...
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Culloden, West Virginia
Culloden is a census-designated place in Cabell and Putnam counties in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,016. It is part of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area. The community's name was selected on account of its perceived uniqueness. Geography Culloden is located at (38.418238, -82.067883). According to the United States Census Bureau, the Culloden CDP has a total area of 4.2 square miles (10.9 km2), of which 4.2 square miles (10.9 km2) is land and 0.38% is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 2,940 people, 1,177 households, and 894 families residing in the community. The population density was 796.8 people per square mile (307.6/km2). There were 1,249 housing units at an average density of 338.5/sq mi (130.7/km2). The racial makeup of the community was 98.84% White, 0.31% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.03% from other races, and 0.44% from two o ...
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Industrial Stormwater
Industrial stormwater is surface runoff, runoff from precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, freezing rain, or hail) that lands on industrial sites (e.g. manufacturing facilities, mines, airports). This runoff is often water pollution, polluted by materials that are handled or stored on the sites, and the facilities are subject to regulations to control the discharges. To manage industrial stormwater effectively, facilities use best management practices (BMPs) that aim to both prevent pollutants from entering the runoff and treat water before it's released from the site. Common preventive steps include maintaining clean workspaces, conducting routine equipment checks, storing materials properly, preventing spills, and training staff on pollution prevention techniques. To treat stormwater, facilities may install structural controls such as detention and retention ponds, constructed wetlands, filter systems, or oil-water separators. These systems help reduce pollution by settling out soli ...
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Pennzoil
Pennzoil is an American motor oil brand currently owned by Shell plc. The former Pennzoil Company had been established in 1913 in Pennsylvania, being active in business as an independent firm until it was acquired by Shell in 2002, becoming a brand of the conglomerate.Pennzoil Company
Encyclopedia Britannica


History


Beginning and expansion

Origins of the company can be traced to the "South Penn Oil Company", an oil business started in Oil City, Pennsylvania by Michael Late Benedum and Joe Trees i ...
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Bluefield Daily Telegraph
The ''Bluefield Daily Telegraph'' is a newspaper based in Bluefield, West Virginia, and also covering surrounding communities in McDowell, Mercer and Monroe counties, West Virginia; and Bland, Buchanan, Giles and Tazewell counties, Virginia (including the town of Bluefield, Virginia). It publishes online Monday through Saturday. A print edition is distributed Tuesday through Saturday. The ''Bluefield Daily Telegraph'' was launched on January 16, 1896, by long-time editor Hugh Ike Shott, who at one point controlled Bluefield's newspaper, both leading radio stations, and only television station. Nobel Prize winner John Forbes Nash Jr., a Bluefield native, worked for a time as an inserter, hand inserting sales pieces into the ''Bluefield Daily Telegraph'' before going on to a distinguished career in mathematics. The weekly ''Princeton Times'', covering Princeton, West Virginia, is also published at the ''Bluefield Daily Telegraph'' office. Both newspapers are owned by Comm ...
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The Christian Science Monitor
''The Christian Science Monitor'' (''CSM''), commonly known as ''The Monitor'', is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in Electronic publishing, electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the new religious movement Christian Science, Church of Christ, Scientist. Since its founding, the newspaper has been based in Boston. Over its existence, seven ''Monitor'' journalists have been awarded the Pulitzer Prize, including Edmund Stevens (1950), John Hughes (editor), John Hughes (1968), Howard James (1968), Robert Cahn (1969), Richard Strout (1978), David S. Rohde (1996), and Clay Bennett (cartoonist), Clay Bennett (2002)."Pulitzer Prizes"
at ''The Christian Science Monitor'' official website


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Eastman Chemical Company
Eastman Chemical Company is an American company primarily involved in the chemical industry. Once a subsidiary of Kodak, today it is an independent global specialty materials company that produces a broad range of advanced materials, chemicals and fibers for everyday purposes. Founded in 1920 and based in Kingsport, Tennessee, the company operates 36 manufacturing sites worldwide and employs approximately 14,000 people. Eastman was spun off from parent Eastman Kodak in 1994. In 2023 it had sales revenue of approximately $9.21 billion. Business segments Eastman manufactures and markets chemicals, fibers, and plastics. It provides coatings, adhesives and specialty plastics products, is a major supplier of cellulose acetate fibers, and produces copolyesters for packaging. The company's products and operations are managed and reported in four operating segments: Additives & Functional Products, Advanced Materials, Chemical Intermediates, and Fibers. ;Additives & Functional Produc ...
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Charleston Daily Mail
The ''Charleston Daily Mail'' was a newspaper based in Charleston, West Virginia. On July 20, 2015, it merged with the '' Charleston Gazette'' to form the '' Charleston Gazette-Mail''. Publishing history The ''Daily Mail'' was founded in 1914 by former Alaska Governor Walter Eli Clark and remained the property of his heirs until 1987. Governor Clark described the newspaper as an "independent Republican" publication. The newspaper published in the afternoons, Monday–Saturday, with a Sunday morning edition, until 1961, when the paper entered into a Joint Operating Agreement with the morning '' Charleston Gazette'' and the new Sunday '' Charleston Gazette-Mail'' was substituted and the ''Daily Mail'' began a six-day afternoon publishing schedule. In 1987, the Clark heirs sold the paper to the Toronto-based Thomson Newspapers. The new owners moderated the political views of the paper to some degree. In 1998, Thomson sold the ''Daily Mail'' to the Denver-based MediaNews Gro ...
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Storage Tank
Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids or compressed gases. The term can be used for reservoirs (artificial lakes and ponds), and for manufactured containers. The usage of the word "tank" for reservoirs is uncommon in American English but is moderately common in British English. In other countries, the term tends to refer only to artificial containers. In the U.S., storage tanks operate under no (or very little) pressure, distinguishing them from ''Pressure vessel, pressure vessels''. Tanks can be used to hold materials as diverse as milk, water, waste, petroleum, Chemical industry, chemicals, and other Dangerous goods, hazardous materials, all while meeting industry standards and regulations. Storage tanks are available in many shapes: vertical and horizontal cylindrical; open top and closed top; flat bottom, cone bottom, slope bottom and dish bottom. Large tanks tend to be vertical cylindrical, with flat bottoms, and a fixed frangible or floating roof, or to have roun ...
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The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of the longest-running newspapers in the United States, the ''Times'' serves as one of the country's Newspaper of record, newspapers of record. , ''The New York Times'' had 9.13 million total and 8.83 million online subscribers, both by significant margins the List of newspapers in the United States, highest numbers for any newspaper in the United States; the total also included 296,330 print subscribers, making the ''Times'' the second-largest newspaper by print circulation in the United States, following ''The Wall Street Journal'', also based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' is published by the New York Times Company; since 1896, the company has been chaired by the Ochs-Sulzberger family, whose current chairman and the paper's publ ...
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The Charleston Gazette
The ''Charleston Gazette-Mail'' is a non-daily morning newspaper in Charleston, West Virginia. It is the product of a July 2015 merger between ''The Charleston Gazette'' and the ''Charleston Daily Mail''. It is one of nine papers owned by HD Media. It publishes Tuesday-Saturday, with the Saturday paper being dated "Weekend", with updates on its website on Sundays and Mondays. History ''Charleston Gazette'' The ''Gazette'' traces its roots to 1873. At the time, it was a weekly newspaper known as the ''Kanawha Chronicle''. It was later renamed ''The Kanawha Gazette'' and the ''Daily Gazette''—before its name was officially changed to ''The Charleston Gazette'' in 1907. In 1912 it came under the control of the Chilton family, who ran it until its bankruptcy in 2018. William E. Chilton, a U.S. senator, was publisher of ''The Gazette'', as were his son, William E. Chilton II, and grandson, W. E. "Ned" Chilton III, Yale graduate and classmate/protégé of conservative colum ...
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ThinkProgress
''ThinkProgress'' was an American Progressivism in the United States, progressive news website that was active from 2005 to 2019. It was a project of the Center for American Progress#Center for American Progress Action Fund, Center for American Progress Action Fund (CAP Action), a progressive public policy research and advocacy organization. Founded by Judd Legum in 2005, the site's reports were regularly discussed by mainstream news outlets and peer-reviewed academic journals. ''ThinkProgress'' also hosted a climate section called ''Climate Progress'', which was founded by Joe Romm. In 2019, after financial losses, CAP Action unsuccessfully sought a new publisher for the site. No new content has been added since September 2019, rendering ''ThinkProgress'' effectively defunct. History ''ThinkProgress'' was founded in 2005 by Judd Legum, a lawyer, who ran the site until he left in 2007. Faiz Shakir edited the site from 2007 until 2012, when Legum returned as editor-in-chief. L ...
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