|
Frank Keith Simmons
Major General Frank Keith Simmons, (21 February 1888 – 22 September 1952) was a senior British Army officer during the Second World War. He was commander of the Singapore Fortress when it fell to the invading Imperial Japanese Army in February 1942. He spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of the Japanese. Military service Born on 21 February 1888, Simmons was educated at Cranbrook School, Kent, and was, in 1907, commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Highland Light Infantry. He served in the First World War, on the Western Front, where he awarded the Military Cross and made a Member of the Royal Victorian Order in November 1915. Remaining in the army during the interwar period, Simmons married in 1922 and attended from 1922 to 1923 the Staff College, Camberley. Among his fellow students there included several future general officers, notably Thomas Hutton, Charles Fullbrook-Leggatt, John Evetts, Gerald Smallwood and Robert Money. After graduation from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Army
The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve personnel and 4,697 "other personnel", for a total of 108,413. The British Army traces back to 1707 and the Acts of Union 1707, formation of the united Kingdom of Great Britain which joined the Kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland into a Political union, single state and, with that, united the English Army and the Scots Army as the British Army. The Parliament of England, English Bill of Rights 1689 and Convention of the Estates, Scottish Claim of Right Act 1689 require parliamentary consent for the Crown to maintain a peacetime standing army. Members of the British Army swear allegiance to the Charles III, monarch as their commander-in-chief. The army is administered by the Ministry of Defence (United Kingd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine was a British Empire, British geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the Palestine (region), region of Palestine, and after 1922, under the terms of the League of Nations's Mandate for Palestine. After an Arab Revolt, Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War in 1916, British Empire, British Egyptian Expeditionary Force, forces drove Ottoman Empire, Ottoman forces out of the Levant. The United Kingdom had agreed in the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence that it would honour Arab independence in case of a revolt but, in the end, the United Kingdom and French Third Republic, France divided what had been Ottoman Syria under the Sykes–Picot Agreement—an act of betrayal in the eyes of the Arabs. Another issue was the Balfour Declaration of 1917, in which Britain promised its support for the establishment of a Homeland for the Jewish people, Jewish "national home" in Palestine. Mandatory Palestine was then establishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Office
The War Office has referred to several British government organisations throughout history, all relating to the army. It was a department of the British Government responsible for the administration of the British Army between 1857 and 1964, at which point its functions were transferred to the new Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom), Ministry of Defence (MoD). This article contains text from this source, which is available under th Open Government Licence v3.0 © Crown copyright It was equivalent to the Admiralty (United Kingdom), Admiralty at that time, which was responsible for the Royal Navy (RN), and (much later) the Air Ministry, which oversaw the Royal Air Force (RAF). The name 'Old War Office' is also given to the former home of the department, located at the junction of Horse Guards Avenue and Whitehall in central London. The landmark building was sold on 1 March 2016 by HM Government for more than British pound, £350 million, on a 250-year lease for conversion int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staff (military)
A military staff or general staff (also referred to as army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted, and civilian staff who serve the commander of a division or other large military unit in their command and control role through planning, analysis, and information gathering, as well as by relaying, coordinating, and supervising the execution of their plans and orders, especially in case of multiple simultaneous and rapidly changing complex operations. They are organised into functional groups such as administration, logistics, operations, intelligence, training, etc. They provide multi-directional flow of information between a commanding officer, subordinate military units and other stakeholders.PK Mallick, 2011Staff System in the Indian Army: Time for Change Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, vol 31. A centralised general staff results in tighter top-down control but requires larger staff at hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Cotton Money
Major-General Robert Cotton Money, (21 July 1888 – 16 April 1985) was a senior British Army officer, who commanded the 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division during the early part of the Second World War. Military career Money was born in 1888, the only child of Robert Cotton Money, an officer in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. He was educated at Wellington College before entering the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He passed out of Sandhurst as a second lieutenant and joined the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles), British Army, in March 1909.''Who Was Who'' At the outbreak of the First World War he was posted to the 1st Battalion, which was sent to France with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) as rear-area security troops. Money, an amateur photographer, took a number of photographs of the battalion as it deployed and saw combat in 1914 and early 1915, including images of the retreat from Mons, the Battle of Le Cateau, the action at Néry, and the First Battle of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerald Smallwood
Major-General Gerald Russell Smallwood (18 February 1889 – 3 February 1977) was a senior officer in the British Army who served during both World War I and World War II. Military career Smallwood joined the Royal Warwickshire Regiment on 8 April 1911 as a Special Reserve second lieutenant on probation, confirmed in April 1912. In December 1912, after passing his examination, he was transferred to be a regular second lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment. In September 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, he was promoted to temporary lieutenant and later that year seconded to the Army Signal Service. He was promoted to captain in 1915. He was twice mentioned in dispatches during the war, and he was awarded the Military Cross (MC) in the King's 1916 Birthday Honours. In 1917 and 1919 he twice held the rank of acting Major while commanding a divisional signals company, and in 1920 he was acting lieutenant colonel while still a substantive Captain. In 192 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Fullerton Evetts
Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), Lieutenant-General Sir John Fullerton Evetts (30 June 1891 – 21 December 1988) was a senior British Army Officer (armed forces), officer. Early life and First World War Born in 1891 in Naini Tal, West Bengal, India, John Fullerton Evetts was educated at Lancing College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. Upon Passing out (military), passing out from Sandhurst, Evetts was Officer (armed forces), commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) on 19 September 1911. Among his fellow graduates were three future general officers, Kenneth Anderson (British Army officer), Kenneth Anderson, Eric Paytherus Nares, Eric Nares and Montagu Stopford. Evetts, promoted on 1 July 1913 to Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines), lieutenant, fought on the Western Front (World War I), Western Front during the First World War. Promoted to the Acting (rank), temporary rank of Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), captai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Fullbrook-Leggatt
Major-General Charles St. Quentin Outen Fullbrook-Leggatt, (16 August 1889 − 29 May 1972) was a British Army officer who served in both world wars. Early life and military career Charles Fullbrook-Leggatt was born on 16 August 1889, the second son of Charles Outen Fullbrook (later Fullbrook-Leggatt), of Knightslee, Reading, Berkshire, and Mary Julia, daughter of writer Rev. Francis Ballard Wells, rector of Woodchurch, Kent. He was educated first at Reading School, later Bath College and the Royal Military College at Sandhurst, from where he graduated on 18 September 1909, being commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Royal Berkshire Regiment of the British Army. Richard O’Connor, a future full general who would serve with distinction throughout his military career, was among his fellow graduates, as was R. F. B. Naylor, who became a major general. Fullbrook-Leggatt was posted to his regiment's 1st Battalion, was promoted to lieutenant on 17 August 1911, and served ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Jacomb Hutton
Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas Jacomb Hutton, (27 March 1890 – 17 January 1981) was a British Army officer who held a variety of vital staff appointments between the First and Second World Wars, ultimately commanding the Burma Army during the early stages of the Japanese conquest of Burma in early 1942. Hutton was married to Scottish psychiatrist Isabel Emslie Hutton. Early life and First World War Thomas Jacomb Hutton was born on 27 March 1890 in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, the eldest son of William Henry Hutton. He was educated at Rossall School and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. On 23 December 1909, after passing out from Woolwich, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Royal Field Artillery. Promoted on 23 December 1912 to lieutenant, Hutton served with the RFA on the Western Front throughout the First World War, being promoted to captain in 1915 and brevet major in 1918. He became staff qualified, and served in 1918 as a General Staff Officer Gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Officer
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-General, Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies, General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently grante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staff College, Camberley
Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, was a staff college for the British Army and the presidency armies of British India (later merged to form the Indian Army). It had its origins in the Royal Military College, High Wycombe, founded in 1799, which in 1802 became the Senior Department of the new Royal Military College. In 1858 the name of the Senior Department was changed to "Staff College", and in 1870 this was separated from the Royal Military College. Apart from periods of closure during major wars, the Staff College continued to operate until 1997, when it was merged into the new Joint Services Command and Staff College. The equivalent in the Royal Navy was the Royal Naval Staff College, Greenwich, and the equivalent in the Royal Air Force was the RAF Staff College, Bracknell. Origins In 1799, Colonel John Le Marchant submitted a proposal to the Duke of York, the Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, for a Royal Military College. A private officer training school, based on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
