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Euchel
Isaac Abraham Euchel ( he, יצחק אייכל; born at Copenhagen, October 17, 1756; died at Berlin, June 14, 1804) was a Hebrew author and founder of the "Haskalah-movement". He was born in Copenhagen on October 17, 1756. After his bar mitzvah he was sent, as a young prodigy, to Berlin, where he studied the Talmud with his uncle, Rabbi Masos Rintel, from 1769–73. Then he went to Frankfurt-on-Main, where he worked as a private teacher ("Hofmeister") for a rich Jewish family. In 1776 he went to Hannover where he studied the "chochmot", the worldly sciences, with the then over ninety-year-old Raphael Levi Hannover (1685–1779), who had been a student and assistant of Gottfried Leibniz in his youth and had published general mathematical and Jewish religious writings. In 1778 Euchel changed to Königsberg, where he studied Oriental languages, education and philosophy at the University of Königsberg – the latter under Immanuel Kant. Whether, as some say, he acquired a fine Hebre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haskalah
The ''Haskalah'', often termed Jewish Enlightenment ( he, השכלה; literally, "wisdom", "erudition" or "education"), was an intellectual movement among the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe, with a certain influence on those in Western Europe and the Muslim world. It arose as a defined ideological worldview during the 1770s, and its last stage ended around 1881, with the rise of Jewish nationalism. The ''Haskalah'' pursued two complementary aims. It sought to preserve the Jews as a separate, unique collective, and it pursued a set of projects of cultural and moral renewal, including a revival of Hebrew for use in secular life, which resulted in an increase in Hebrew found in print. Concurrently, it strove for an optimal integration in surrounding societies. Practitioners promoted the study of exogenous culture, style, and vernacular, and the adoption of modern values. At the same time, economic production, and the taking up of new occupations was pursued. The ''Haskalah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biurists
The Biurists were a class of Jewish Biblical exegetes, of the school of Moses Mendelssohn. Most of the Biblical commentators immediately preceding Mendelssohn had interpreted the Biblical passages from an individual point of view, and Mendelssohn was concerned to obtain clarity as to the actual meaning of the passages. Biurists in Europe German translation and reaction Mendelssohn compiled for his children a literal German translation of the Pentateuch; and to this Solomon Dubno, a grammarian and Hebraist, undertook to write a ''bi'ur'' or commentary. As soon as a portion of this translation was published, it was criticized by rabbis of the old school, including Raphael ha-Kohen of Hamburg, Ezekiel Landau of Prague, Hirsch Janow of Posen, and Phineas Levi Horwitz of Frankfort-on-the-Main. Fearing that the charm of the German language would lead young Jews to study the translation rather than the Torah itself, and believing that they would thus be led away from orthodox Judaism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meyer Warburg
Meyer may refer to: People *Meyer (surname), listing people so named * Meyer (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the name Companies * Meyer Burger, a Swiss mechanical engineering company * Meyer Corporation * Meyer Sound Laboratories * Meyer Turku, a Finnish shipbuilding company * Behn Meyer, a German chemical company * Fred Meyer, a American hypermarket chain and subsidiary of Kroger * Fred Meyer Jewelers Places United States * Meyer, Illinois, an unincorporated community in Adams County, Illinois * Meyer, Franklin County, Illinois, an unincorporated community in Franklin County, Illinois * Meyer, Iowa, in Mitchell County, Iowa * Myers, Montana (also spelled Meyer), an unincorporated community in Treasure County * Meyer Township, Michigan Other * Meyer House (other), multiple buildings in the U.S. * Meyer locomotive * Meyer Theatre, an historic theater in Wisconsin, U.S. * USS ''Meyer'' (DD-279), a ''Clemson''-class destroyer in the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century German People
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century German People
The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 ( MDCCI) to December 31, 1800 ( MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. During the century, slave trading and human trafficking expanded across the shores of the Atlantic, while declining in Russia, China, and Korea. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures, including the structures and beliefs that supported slavery. The Industrial Revolution began during mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events. To historians who exp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaya Naor
Chaya may refer to: Places *Chaya (Ob), in Tomsk Oblast, Russia, a tributary of Ob River *Chaya (river), in Siberia, Russia, a tributary of Lena River *''Chaya'', another name for the Chepelare, a river in Bulgaria *Chaya County, in Tibet * Chaya, Afghanistan, a place in Afghanistan People *Chaya family, a wealthy family of textile merchants based in Kyoto, Japan from the 16th century into the Edo period ** Chaya Shirōjirō, merchants within that family, wealthy and influential traders with the official patronage of the Tokugawa shogunate * Afif Chaya (born 1947), Lebanese singer and actor *B. R. Chaya, Indian playback singer *Chaja Rubinstein (1872–1965), Polish-born American business magnate *Chaya Arbel (1921–2007), Israeli composer *Chaya Czernowin (born 1957), Israeli composer * Chaya Gusfield, American attorney and rabbi *Chaya Mushka Schneersohn (fl. 1860), member of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic dynasty *Chaya Mushka Schneerson (1901–1988), member of the Chabad-Luba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Feiner
Samuel ''Šəmūʾēl'', Tiberian: ''Šămūʾēl''; ar, شموئيل or صموئيل '; el, Σαμουήλ ''Samouḗl''; la, Samūēl is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the biblical judges to the United Kingdom of Israel under Saul, and again in the monarchy's transition from Saul to David. He is venerated as a prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In addition to his role in the Hebrew scriptures, Samuel is mentioned in Jewish rabbinical literature, in the Christian New Testament, and in the second chapter of the Quran (although Islamic texts do not mention him by name). He is also treated in the fifth through seventh books of ''Antiquities of the Jews'', written by the Jewish scholar Josephus in the first century. He is first called "the Seer" in 1 Samuel 9:9. Biblical account Family Samuel's mother was Hannah and his father was Elkanah. Elkanah lived at Ramathaim in the district of Zuph. His genea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raphael Levi
Raphael Levi Hannover (1685 – May 17, 1779) was a German Jewish mathematician and astronomer. The son of Jacob Joseph, Hannover was born at Weikersheim, Franconia in 1685. He was educated at the Jewish school of Hanover and at the yeshivah of Frankfurt am Main, and became bookkeeper in the firm of Simon Wolf Oppenheimer in Hanover. Here he attracted the attention of Leibniz, and for a number of years was one of his most distinguished pupils and lived by him for three years (including last secretary), and afterward teacher of mathematics, astronomy, and natural philosophy. He also corresponded with Moses Mendelssohn. Raphael Levi Hannover wrote: "Luḥot ha-'Ibbur," astronomical tables for the Jewish calendar; "Tekunat ha-Shamayim," on astronomy and calendar-making, especially commenting on the Talmudical passages on these topics, with glosses of Moses Tiktin. An enlarged revision of the latter work, with two other astronomical works of his, is in manuscript. The "Luḥot ha-'Ib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Altmann
Alexander Altmann (April 16, 1906 – June 6, 1987) was an Orthodox Jewish scholar and rabbi born in Kassa, Austria-Hungary (present-day Košice, Slovakia). He emigrated to England in 1938 and later settled in the United States, working productively for a decade and a half as a professor within the Philosophy Department at Brandeis University. He is best known for his studies of the thought of Moses Mendelssohn, and was indeed the leading Mendelssohn scholar since the time of Mendelssohn himself. He also made important contributions to the study of Jewish mysticism, and for a large part of his career he was the only scholar in the United States working on this subject in a purely academic setting. Among the many Brandeis students whose work he supervised in this area were Elliot Wolfson, Arthur Green, Heidi Ravven, Paul Mendes-Flohr, Lawrence Fine, and Daniel Matt. Biography Altmann was a son of Malwine Weisz and Adolf Altmann (1879-1944), the Chief Rabbi of Trier, one of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Das Jüdische Literaturblatt
Das or DAS may refer to: Organizations * Dame Allan's Schools, Fenham, Newcastle upon Tyne, England * Danish Aviation Systems, a supplier and developer of unmanned aerial vehicles * Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad, a former Colombian intelligence agency * Department of Applied Science, UC Davis * ''Debt Arrangement Scheme'', Scotland, see Accountant in Bankruptcy Places * Das (crater), a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon * Das (island), an Emirati island in the Persian Gulf ** Das Island Airport * Das, Catalonia, a village in the Cerdanya, Spain * Das, Iran, a village in Razavi Khorasan Province * Great Bear Lake Airport, Northwest Territories, Canada (IATA code) Science * 1,2-Bis(dimethylarsino)benzene, a chemical compound * DAS28, Disease Activity Score of 28 joints, rheumatoid arthritis measure * Differential Ability Scales, cognitive and achievement tests Technology * Data acquisition system * Defensive aids system, an aircraft defensive system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allgemeine Zeitung Des Judentums
''Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums'' (until May 1903: ''Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums'') was a Jewish German magazine devoted to Jewish interests, founded in 1837 by Ludwig Philippson (1811–89), published first in Leipzig and later in Berlin. In 1860 it had a circulation of approximately 1,500. It was read not only in Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands but also in Eastern Europe, and continued to appear until 1922. At the time of its founding, several Jewish journals had recently been launched in Germany – '' Sulamith'' (1806-1843), '' Jedidja'' (1817-1831), and Abraham Geiger's '' Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift für Jüdische Theologie'' (1835-1847), as well as the '' Unparteiische Universal-Kirchenzeitung'' (1837), of Julius Vinzenz Höninghaus, which had a Jewish section edited by Michael Hess and Isaac Markus Jost – and Philippson recognized that none had kept pace with the needs of the times.Singer, Isidore (1906).Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums" ''Jewish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
