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Constantin Karadja
Prince Constantin Jean Lars Anthony Démétrius Karadja (24 November 1889 in The Hague – 28 December 1950 in Bucharest) was a Romanian diplomat, barrister-at-law, bibliographer, bibliophile and honorary member (1946) of the Romanian Academy. He was a member of the Caradja aristocratic family. Family Constantin was the son of Prince Jean Karadja Pasha (1835–1894) and Marie Louise Smith of Sweden, aka Princess Mary Karadja (1868–1943). In 1916 Constantin married a distant relative (her father was second cousin to Constantin), Princess Marcela Elena Caradja (1896–1971) of Romania. They had two children: * Prince Jean Aristide Constantin Georges Caradja (1917–1993), married to Minna Frieda Auguste Starke (1911–1992). * Princess Marie–Marcelle Nadèje Karadja (1919–2006). Education and studies Barrister at law in England with studies at Framlingham College and London, he spoke English, Swedish, Romanian, German, French, Danish and Norwegian, as well as Latin and G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word ''prince'', from the Latin noun , from (first) and (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince". Historical background The Latin word (older Latin *prīsmo-kaps, literally "the one who takes the first lace/position), became the usual title of the informal leader of the Roman senate some centuries before the transition to empire, the '' princeps senatus''. Emperor Augustus established the formal position of monarch on the basis of principate, not dominion. He also tasked his grandsons as summer rulers of the city when most of the government were on holiday in the country or attending religious rituals, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incunable
In the history of printing, an incunable or incunabulum (plural incunables or incunabula, respectively), is a book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed in the earliest stages of printing in Europe, up to the year 1500. Incunabula were produced before the printing press became widespread on the continent and are distinct from manuscripts, which are documents written by hand. Some authorities include block books from the same time period as incunabula, whereas others limit the term to works printed using movable type. there are about 30,000 distinct incunable editions known. The probable number of surviving individual copies is much higher, estimated at around 125,000 in Germany alone. Through statistical analysis, it is estimated that the number of lost editions is at least 20,000. Around 550,000 copies of around 27,500 different works have been preserved worldwide. Terminology Incunable is the anglicised form of ''incunabulum'', reconstructed singular of Latin ''inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emil Racoviţă
Emil or Emile may refer to: Literature *''Emile, or On Education'' (1762), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau * ''Émile'' (novel) (1827), an autobiographical novel based on Émile de Girardin's early life *''Emil and the Detectives'' (1929), a children's novel *"Emil", nickname of the Kurt Maschler Award for integrated text and illustration (1982–1999) *''Emil i Lönneberga'', a series of children's novels by Astrid Lindgren Military *Emil (tank), a Swedish tank developed in the 1950s * Sturer Emil, a German tank destroyer People *Emil (given name), including a list of people with the given name ''Emil'' or ''Emile'' *Aquila Emil (died 2011), Papua New Guinean rugby league footballer Other * ''Emile'' (film), a Canadian film made in 2003 by Carl Bessai *Emil (river), in China and Kazakhstan See also * * *Aemilius (other) * Emilio (other) *Emílio (other) *Emilios (other) Emilios, or Aimilios, (Greek: Αιμίλιος) is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gheorghe Spacu
Gheorghe Spacu (December 5, 1883 – July 23, 1955) was a Romanian inorganic chemist. Born in Iași, he attended the city's National College from 1894 to 1901. He subsequently enrolled in the physics and chemistry section of the sciences faculty at the University of Iași. There, his professors included Petru Poni (inorganic chemistry), Vasile Buțureanu (mineralogy and crystallography), Anastasie Obregia (organic chemistry) and Dragomir Hurmuzescu (electrochemistry). Upon graduating in 1905, he went to deepen his studies at the universities of University of Vienna and then Berlin. He returned in 1907, when he began working as an assistant in the inorganic chemistry laboratory of Neculai Costăchescu, and was promoted to head of operations in 1916. That year, he received a doctorate in chemistry, having submitted a thesis on iron compounds. After Costăchescu, he was the second individual to receive a doctorate in chemistry from a Romanian university. Subsequently, he was named ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitrie Pompeiu
Dimitrie D. Pompeiu (; – 8 October 1954) was a Romanian mathematician, professor at the University of Bucharest, titular member of the Romanian Academy, and President of the Chamber of Deputies. Biography He was born in 1873 in Broscăuți, Botoșani County, in a family of well-to-do peasants. After completing high school in nearby Dorohoi, he went to study at the Normal Teachers School in Bucharest, where he had Alexandru Odobescu as a teacher. After obtaining his diploma in 1893, he taught for five years at schools in Galați and Ploiești. In 1898 he went to France, where he studied mathematics at the University of Paris (the Sorbonne). He obtained his Ph.D. degree in mathematics in 1905, with thesis ''On the continuity of complex variable functions'' written under the direction of Henri Poincaré. After returning to Romania, Pompeiu was named Professor of Mechanics at the University of Iași. In 1912, he assumed a chair at the University of Bucharest. In the early 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Lapedatu
Alexandru I. Lapedatu (14 September 1876 – 30 August 1950) was Cults and Arts and State minister of Romania, President of the Senate of Romania, member of the Romanian Academy, its president and general secretary. Family Alexandru Lapedatu was the son of Ioan Alexandru Lapedatu, with a Ph.D. from the University of Brussels, Romanian poet, writer, journalist and professor for classical languages at the Higher Greek-Orthodox Romanian College in Brașov (today, Andrei Şaguna National College). Alexandru Lapedatu had a twin brother, Ion Lapedatu, economist, politician and Governor of the National Bank of Romania. The twins became orphans when they were one and a half years old. Their mother could only rely on a modest social help from the Brașov municipality and some support from her family. Alexandru Lapedatu married Victoria Pană (1878–1965) on 1 June 1911; a widow with two children from her first marriage, Mircea and Maria Lipăneanu. They had a daughter, Ana Victoria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Nistor
Ion I. Nistor (August 16, 1876 – November 11, 1962) was a Romanian historian and politician. He was a titular member of the Romanian Academy from 1915 and a professor at the universities of Cernăuți and Bucharest, while also serving as Minister of State for Bukovina, Minister of Public Works, Minister of Labor, and Minister of Religious Affairs and the Arts with a number of governments from 1918 to 1940. Biography Early life and education Nistor was born into a family of peasants in the Bivolărie hamlet of Vicovu de Sus, Bukovina; in Austria-Hungary at the time, it is now included in Suceava County, Romania. He studied at the local school in Vicovu de Sus, then in Rădăuți, first at the elementary school and then at the German High School, getting his ''Matura'' in 1897. He then studied Philosophy and Literature at the University of Czernowitz and between 1898 and 1900, he completed his military service in the Austro-Hungarian Army, serving in Polei and in Vienna. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolae Iorga
Nicolae Iorga (; sometimes Neculai Iorga, Nicolas Jorga, Nicolai Jorga or Nicola Jorga, born Nicu N. Iorga;Iova, p. xxvii. 17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a Romanian historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, Albanologist, poet and playwright. Co-founder (in 1910) of the Democratic Nationalist Party (PND), he served as a member of Parliament, President of the Deputies' Assembly and Senate, cabinet minister and briefly (1931–32) as Prime Minister. A child prodigy, polymath and polyglot, Iorga produced an unusually large body of scholarly works, establishing his international reputation as a medievalist, Byzantinist, Latinist, Slavist, art historian and philosopher of history. Holding teaching positions at the University of Bucharest, the University of Paris and several other academic institutions, Iorga was founder of the International Congress of Byzantine Studies and the Institute of South-East European Studies (ISSEE). His activity also included the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacia
Dacia (, ; ) was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west. The Carpathian Mountains were located in the middle of Dacia. It thus roughly corresponds to the present-day countries of Romania, as well as parts of Moldova, Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary, Slovakia, and Ukraine. A Dacian Kingdom of variable size existed between 82 BC until the Roman conquest in AD 106, reaching its height under King Burebista. As a result of the two wars with Emperor Trajan, the population was dispersed and the central city, Sarmizegetusa Regia, was destroyed by the Romans, but was rebuilt by the latter to serve as the capital of the Roman province of Dacia. The Free Dacians, living the territory of modern-day Northern Romania disappeared with the start of the Migration Period. Nomenclature The Dacians are first mentioned in the writings of the Ancient Greeks, in Herodotu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gutenberg-Jahrbuch
The ''Gutenberg-Jahrbuch'' is an annual periodical publication covering the history of printing and the book. Its focus is on incunables, early printing, and the life and work of Johannes Gutenberg, inventor of the modern printed book. It has been published since 1926 by the Internationale Gutenberg-Gesellschaft, the international association for the study of the history and development of printing technology and written media. Dr Stephan Füssel was editor from 1994-2022. See also * Gutenberg Museum *Gutenberg Prize of the International Gutenberg Society and the City of Mainz The Gutenberg Prize of the International Gutenberg Society and the City of Mainz has been awarded since 1968 for outstanding artistic, technical and scientific achievements in the field of printing. The award was initially awarded every three years ... References *Anton Keim: ''Mehr als zwei Denkmäler: Neunzig Jahre Weltmuseum der Druckkunst und internationale Gutenberg-Gesellschaft Mainz.'' Guten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihai Stelescu
Mihai Stelescu (1907 – July 16, 1936) was a Romanian political activist. Biography With the Iron Guard Born in Galați,Pop, p.44 he joined, while still in high school, the Legion of the Archangel Michael (later also known as the ''Iron Guard''), an ultra-nationalist, Fascist, and antisemitic political movement led by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. A prominent activist in his native Covurlui County, jailed more than once for his activism, he was awarded the ''White Cross'' (''Crucea Albă''), the movement's highest distinction, and eventually became Codreanu's lieutenant. In 1932, he was one of five members of the Legion to be elected to Parliament on the lists of the ''Corneliu Codreanu Grouping''; he was also the youngest member of the Parliament at the time. Stelescu, together with Codreanu, General Gheorghe Cantacuzino-Grănicerul, Nichifor Crainic, and others, was tried for criminal conspiracy following the assassination of Prime Minister Ion G. Duca — all were acqui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Party (interwar Romania)
The People's Party (Romanian: ''Partidul Poporului'', PP), originally People's League (''Liga Poporului''), was an eclectic, essentially populist, mass movement in Romania. Created by World War I hero Alexandru Averescu, it identified itself with the new politics of "Greater Romania" period, and existed for almost as long as Greater Romania did. The PP broke with the antiquated two-party system, creating a wide coalition of lobbies, and advertised itself as the new challenge to the National Liberal Party (PNL). The group was held together by Averescu's charisma, and was popularly known as ''partidul averescan'', "the Averescan party". In its early years, the League brought together members of the moribund Conservative Party and social reformers of diverse backgrounds, and secured for itself the votes of poor peasants and demobilized soldiers. Its platform appealed to antisemites and Jews, social liberals and fascists, loyalists and republicans. Averescu's doubts about staging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
