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Cockroaches
Cockroaches (or roaches) are a paraphyletic group of insects belonging to Blattodea, containing all members of the group except termites. About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. Some species are well-known as pests. The cockroaches are an ancient group, with their ancestors, known as " roachoids", originating during the Carboniferous period, some 320 million years ago. Those early ancestors, however, lacked the internal ovipositors of modern roaches. Cockroaches are somewhat generalized insects lacking special adaptations (such as the sucking mouthparts of aphids and other true bugs); they have chewing mouthparts and are probably among the most primitive of living Neopteran insects. They are common and hardy insects capable of tolerating a wide range of climates, from Arctic cold to tropical heat. Tropical cockroaches are often much larger than temperate species. Modern cockroaches are not considered to be a monophyletic group, as it h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blattodea
Blattodea is an order of insects that contains cockroaches and termites. Formerly, termites were considered a separate order, Isoptera, but genetic and molecular evidence suggests they evolved from within the cockroach lineage, cladistically making them cockroaches as well. The Blattodea and the mantis (order Mantodea) are now all considered part of the superorder Dictyoptera. Blattodea includes approximately 4,400 species of cockroach in almost 500 genera, and about 3,000 species of termite in around 300 genera. Termites are pale-coloured, soft-bodied eusocial insects that live in colonies, whereas cockroaches are darker-coloured (often brown), sclerotized, segmented insects. Within the colony, termites have a caste system, with a pair of mature reproductives, the king and the queen, and numerous sterile workers and soldiers. Cockroaches are not colonial but do have a tendency to aggregate and may be considered pre-social, as all adults are capable of breeding. Other similariti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Cockroach
The american cockroach (''Periplaneta americana'') is the largest species of common cockroach, and often considered a pest. In certain regions of the U.S. it is colloquially known as the waterbug, though it is not a true waterbug since it is not aquatic. It is also known as the ship cockroach, kakerlac, and Bombay canary. It is often misidentified as a palmetto bug. Despite their name, American cockroaches are native to Africa and the Middle East. They are believed to have been introduced to the Americas only from the 17th century AD onward as a result of human commercial patterns, including the Atlantic slave trade. Distribution Despite the name, none of the ''Periplaneta'' species is native to the Americas; ''P. americana'' was introduced to what is now the United States from Africa as early as 1625. They are now common in tropical climates because human activity has extended the insects' range of habitation, and are virtually cosmopolitan in distribution as a result of g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oriental Cockroach
__NOTOC__ The oriental cockroach (''Blatta orientalis''), also known as the waterbug (as they live in damp areas) or black cockroaches (as their bodies are mostly dark), is a large species of cockroach, adult males being and adult females being . It is dark brown or black in color and has a glossy body. The female has a somewhat different appearance from the male, appearing to be wingless at a casual glance, but is brachypterous, having non-functional wings just below her head. She has a wider body than the male. The male has long wings, which cover three quarters of the abdomen and are brown in color, and has a narrower body. Both of them are flightless. The female oriental cockroach looks somewhat similar to the Florida woods cockroach and may be mistaken for it. Originally endemic to the Crimean Peninsula and the region around the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, its distribution is now cosmopolitan. Habitat Oriental cockroaches tend to travel somewhat more slowly than othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termite
Termites are small insects that live in colonies and have distinct castes ( eusocial) and feed on wood or other dead plant matter. Termites comprise the infraorder Isoptera, or alternatively the epifamily Termitoidae, within the order Blattodea (along with cockroaches). Termites were once classified in a separate order from cockroaches, but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from cockroaches, as they are deeply nested within the group, and the sister group to wood eating cockroaches of the genus '' Cryptocercus''. Previous estimates suggested the divergence took place during the Jurassic or Triassic. More recent estimates suggest that they have an origin during the Late Jurassic, with the first fossil records in the Early Cretaceous. About 3,106 species are currently described, with a few hundred more left to be described. Although these insects are often called "white ants", they are not ants, and are not closely related to ants. Like ants and som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Cockroach
The German cockroach (''Blattella germanica''), colloquially known as the croton bug, is a species of small cockroach, typically about long. In color it varies from tan to almost black, and it has two dark, roughly parallel, streaks on the pronotum running anteroposteriorly from behind the head to the base of the wings. Although ''B. germanica'' has wings, it can barely fly, although it may glide when disturbed. Of the few species of cockroach that are domestic pests, it probably is the most widely troublesome example. It is very closely related to the Asian cockroach, and to the casual observer, the two appear nearly identical and may be mistaken for each other. However, the Asian cockroach is attracted to light and can fly like a moth, while the German cockroach cannot. Biology and pest status The German cockroach occurs widely in human buildings, but is particularly associated with restaurants, food processing facilities, hotels, and institutional establishments such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptocercidae
''Cryptocercus'' is a genus of Dictyoptera (cockroaches and allies) and the sole member of its own family Cryptocercidae. Species are known as wood roaches or brown-hooded cockroaches. These roaches are subsocial, their young requiring considerable parental interaction. They also share wood-digesting gut bacteria types with wood-eating termites, and are therefore seen as evidence of a close genetic relationship, that termites are essentially evolved from social cockroaches. ''Cryptocercus'' is especially notable for sharing numerous characteristics with termites, and phylogenetic studies have shown this genus is more closely related to termites than it is to other cockroaches.Djernæs, M., et al. 2012Phylogeny of cockroaches (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), with placement of aberrant taxa and exploration of out-group sampling.''Systematic Entomology'' 37(1): 65–83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2011.00598.x. Species Found in North America and (especially temperate) Asia, there a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roachoid
"Roachoids", also known as "Roachids" or "Blattoids" are members of the stem group of Dictyoptera (the group containing modern cockroaches, termites and praying mantises). They generally resemble cockroaches, but most members, unlike modern dictyopterans, have generally long external ovipositors, and are thought not to have laid ootheca like modern dictyopterans. Systematic position Cockroaches are popularly thought to be an ancient order of insects, with their origins in the Carboniferous. However, since the middle of the 20th century it has been known that the primitive cockroach insects found fossilized in Palaeozoic strata are the forerunners not only of modern cockroaches and termites but also of mantises.Grimaldi, D (1997): A fossil mantis (Insecta: Mantoidea) in Cretaceous amber of New Jersey, with comments on early history of Dictyoptera. ''American Museum Novitates'' 3204: 1–11 The origin of these groups from a blattopteran stock are now generally thought to be in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insect
Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body ( head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Their blood is not totally contained in vessels; some circulates in an open cavity known as the haemocoel. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; In: potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans, which recent research has indicated insects are nested within. Nearly all insects hatch from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ectobiidae
Ectobiidae (formerly Blattellidae) is a family of the order Blattodea (cockroaches). This family contains many of the smaller common household pest cockroaches, among others. They are sometimes called wood cockroaches. A few notable species include: * Asian cockroach ''Blattella asahinai'' * German cockroach '' Blattella germanica'' * Small yellow cockroach ''Cariblatta lutea'' * Brown-banded cockroach ''Supella longipalpa'' * European native cockroaches - genera including ''Ectobius, Capraiellus, Phyllodromica'' and ''Planuncus'' * '' Parcoblatta'' spp. including the: ** Fulvous wood cockroach ''P. fulvescens'' ** Pennsylvania wood cockroach '' Parcoblatta pennsylvanica'' ** Virginia wood cockroach '' Parcoblatta virginica'' Subfamilies and selected Genera The ''Cockroach Species File'' includes five subfamilies. The Anaplectinae, previously placed here, have now been elevated to family level. ''NB'': subfamilies marked § are complete list as of 2020: Blattellinae Auth.: Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blattidae
Blattidae is a cockroach family in the order Blattodea containing several of the most common household cockroaches. Some notable species include: * '' Blatta orientalis'': Oriental cockroach, * Common shining cockroach: (''Drymaplaneta communis'') * Florida woods cockroach: ('' Eurycotis floridana'') * '' Periplaneta'' spp: American cockroach, Australian cockroach, Brown cockroach, Smokybrown cockroach * '' Shelfordella'' spp: Turkestan cockroach * Botany Bay cockroach: ('' Polyzosteria limbata'') Subfamilies and genera Archiblattinae Auth. Kirby, 1904; distribution: SE Asia * '' Archiblatta'' Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1862 * '' Catara'' Walker, 1868 * '' Protagonista'' Latreille, 1810 Blattinae Auth. Latreille, 1810; distribution: Worldwide; synonym Duchailluiinae Roth, 2003 * '' Afrostylopyga'' Anisyutkin, 2014 * '' Apterisca'' Princis, 1963 * '' Blatta'' Linnaeus, 1758 * '' Brinckella'' Princis, 1963 * '' Cartoblatta'' Shelford, 1910 * '' Celatoblatta'' Johns, 1966 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pest (organism)
A pest is any animal or plant harmful to humans or human concerns. The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock, and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes. Humans have modified the environment for their own purposes and are intolerant of other creatures occupying the same space when their activities impact adversely on human objectives. Thus, an elephant is unobjectionable in its natural habitat but a pest when it tramples crops. Some animals are disliked because they bite or sting; snakes, wasps, ants, bed bugs, fleas and ticks belong in this category. Others enter the home; these include houseflies, which land on and contaminate food, beetles, which tunnel into the woodwork, and other animals that scuttle about on the floor at night, like cockroaches, which are often associated with unsanitary conditions. Agricultural and horticultural crops are attacked by a wide variety of pests, the most important being insects, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nocticolidae
Nocticolidae is a small family in the order Blattodea (cockroaches). It consists of only 32 known species in 9 genera. They are found in Africa, Asia and Australia. Most live in cave habitats, although a few are associated with termites. Cave adapted species are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The ..., making them the oldest extant cavernicolous organisms. Genera The family includes the following genera: * '' Alluaudellina'' Chopard, 1932 * '' Cardacopsis'' Karny, 1924 * '' Cardacus'' Strand, 1928 * '' Metanocticola'' Roth, 1999 * '' Nocticola'' Bolívar, 1892 * '' Pholeosilpha'' Chopard, 1958 * '' Spelaeoblatta'' Bolívar, 1897 * '' Typhloblatta'' Chopard, 1924 * '' Typhloblattodes'' Chopard, 1946 *'' Crenocticola'' Li and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
