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Chronology Of MUDs ...
This is a chronological list of notable MUDs with summary information. __TOC__ Legend List References {{Chronology of role-playing video games MUDs Timelines of video games MUDs A MUD (; originally multi-user dungeon, with later variants multi-user dimension and multi-user domain) is a multiplayer real-time virtual world, usually text-based or storyboarded. MUDs combine elements of role-playing games, hack and slash, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subscription
The subscription business model is a business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service. The model was pioneered by publishers of books and periodicals in the 17th century, and is now used by many businesses, websites and even pharmaceutical companies in partnership with the government. Subscriptions Rather than selling products individually, a subscription offers periodic (daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, semi-annual, yearly/annual, or seasonal) use or access to a product or service, or, in the case of performance-oriented organizations such as opera companies, tickets to the entire run of some set number of (e.g., five to fifteen) scheduled performances for an entire season. Thus, a one-time sale of a product can become a recurring sale and can build brand loyalty. Industries that use this model include mail order book sales clubs and music sales clubs, private web mail providers, cable television, sat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BITNET
BITNET was a co-operative U.S. university computer network founded in 1981 by Ira Fuchs at the City University of New York (CUNY) and Greydon Freeman at Yale University. The first network link was between CUNY and Yale. The name BITNET originally meant "Because It's There Network", but it eventually came to mean "Because It's Time Network". A college or university wishing to join BITNET was required to lease a data circuit (phone line) from a site to an existing BITNET node, buy modems for each end of the data circuit, sending one to the connecting point site, and allow other institutions to connect to its site free of charge. Technical details Bitnet, with Remote Spooling Communications Subsystem (RSCS) and the Network Job Entry (NJE) network protocol, was used for the huge IBM internal network known as VNET. BITNET links originally ran at 9600 bit/s. The BITNET protocols were eventually ported to non-IBM mainframe operating systems, and became particularly widely implem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot.Brian Stableford, ''The A to Z of Fantasy Literature'', (p. 198), Scarecrow Press, Plymouth. 2005. The term "high fantasy" was coined by Lloyd Alexander in a 1971 essay, "High Fantasy and Heroic Romance", which was originally given at the New England Round Table of Children's Librarians in October 1969. Characteristics High fantasy is set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements. The romances of William Morris, such as '' The Well at the World's End'', set in an imaginary medieval world, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GEnie
Jinn ( ar, , ') – also romanized as djinn or anglicized as genies (with the broader meaning of spirit or demon, depending on sources) – are invisible creatures in early pre-Islamic Arabian religious systems and later in Islamic mythology and theology. Like humans, they are accountable for their deeds, can be either believers (''Muslim'') or unbelievers (''kafir''); depending on whether they accept God's guidance. Since jinn are neither innately evil nor innately good, Islam acknowledged spirits from other religions and was able to adapt spirits from other religions during its expansion. Jinn are not a strictly Islamic concept; they may represent several pagan beliefs integrated into Islam. To assert a strict monotheism and the Islamic concept of ''Tauhid'', Islam denies all affinities between the jinn and God, thus placing the jinn parallel to humans, also subject to God's judgment and afterlife. The Quran condemns the pre-Islamic Arabian practise of worshipping th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simutronics
Simutronics is an American online games company whose products include '' GemStone IV'' and ''DragonRealms''. It was founded in 1987 by David Whatley, with husband and wife Tom & Susan Zelinski. The company is located in St. Louis, Missouri. It became part of the Stillfront Group in 2016. The company's flagship product is the text based game, ''GemStone IV'', which went live in November 2003, with predecessor games running back to 1988. ''GemStone'' was originally accessed through General Electric's internet service provider GEnie, later becoming accessible through AOL, Prodigy, and CompuServe before Simutronics finally moved all their games to their own domain in 1997. Simutronics products Multiplayer online games * '' GemStone IV'', Simutronics' flagship product, a text-based multiplayer fantasy game, which has seen over one million users over the years. It is the longest-lived commercial MUD game, followed by Avalon: The Legend Lives. * ''DragonRealms'', a 1996 MUD set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GemStone IV
''GemStone IV'' is a multiplayer text-based online role-playing video game (often known as a MUD) produced by Simutronics. Players control characters in a High Fantasy game world named "Elanthia". The first playable version of the game was known as ''GemStone ] GEnie.html"_;"title="'_and_was_launched_in_April_1988_on_GEnie">'_and_was_launched_in_April_1988_on_GEnie.__It_was_one_of_the_first_MMORPGs_and_is_one_of_the_longest_running_Internet.html" "title="MMORPG.html" ;"title="GEnie.html" ;"title="' and was launched in April 1988 on GEnie">' and was launched in April 1988 on GEnie. It was one of the first MMORPG">GEnie.html" ;"title="' and was launched in April 1988 on GEnie">' and was launched in April 1988 on GEnie. It was one of the first MMORPGs and is one of the longest running Internet">online games still active. Access to the game is subscription-based (monthly fee) through its website, with three additional subscriptions levels available, "Premium", "Platinum" and "S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alan Cox (computer Programmer)
Alan Cox (born 22 July 1968) is a British computer programmer who has been a key figure in the development of Linux. He maintained the 2.2 branch of the Linux kernel and continues to be heavily involved in its development, an association that dates back to 1991. He lives in Swansea, Wales, where he lived with his wife Telsa Gwynne, who died in 2015 and now lives with author Tara Neale, whom he married in 2020. He graduated with a BSc in Computer Science from Swansea University in 1991 and received an MBA from the same university in 2005. Involvement in the Linux kernel While employed on the campus of Swansea University, Cox installed a very early version of Linux on one of the machines belonging to the university computer society. This was one of the first Linux installations on a busy network and revealed many bugs in the networking code. Cox fixed many of these bugs and went on to rewrite much of the networking subsystem. He then became one of the main developers and main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AberMUD
AberMUD was the first popular open source MUD. It was named after the town Aberystwyth, in which it was written. The first version was written in B by Alan Cox, Richard Acott, Jim Finnis, and Leon Thrane based at University of Wales, Aberystwyth for an old Honeywell mainframe and opened in 1987. The gameplay was heavily influenced by ''MUD1'', created by Roy Trubshaw and Richard Bartle at the University of Essex, which Alan Cox had played. In late 1988, ''AberMUD'' was ported to C by Alan Cox so it could run on Unix at Southampton University's Maths machines. This version was named ''AberMUD2''. In early 1989, there were three instances of ''AberMUD'' running in the UK, the Southampton one, one at Leeds University and a third at the IBM PC User Group in London, run by Ian Smith. In January 1989 Michael Lawrie sent a licensed copy of ''AberMUD3'' to Vijay Subramaniam and Bill Wisner, both American '' Essex MIST'' players. Bill Wisner subsequently spread ''AberMUD'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MUD2
''MUD2'' is the successor of '' MUD1'', Richard Bartle's pioneering Multi-User Dungeon. Rather than a sequel, it is the result of over 20 years of continuous development, and is still largely based on the game's original code. The game is nominally a roleplaying game, with a very strict set of rules, character classes and levels. Character progress up a ladder of 11 levels until they reach the traditional MUD goal of wiz ( wizard or witch Witchcraft traditionally means the use of Magic (supernatural), magic or supernatural powers to harm others. A practitioner is a witch. In Middle Ages, medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually ...). Characters move between locations, or game rooms, using compass directions, and basic commands such as GET LONGSWORD, GET DIAMOND, KILL DWARF WITH LONGSWORD. Points are scored by dropping treasure in the room known as the swamp, killing an NPC, or killing another player. The game also includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legends Of Kesmai
''Island of Kesmai'' was an early commercial online game in the multi-user dungeon (MUD) genre, innovative in its use of roguelike pseudo-graphics. It is considered a major forerunner of modern massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). Launch date In the summer of 1980 University of Virginia classmates John Taylor and Kelton Flinn wrote ''Dungeons of Kesmai'', a six player game inspired by ''Dungeons & Dragons'' which used Roguelike ASCII graphics. They founded the Kesmai company in 1982 and in 1985 an enhanced version of ''Dungeons of Kesmai'', ''Island of Kesmai'', was launched on CompuServe. Later, its 2-D graphical descendant '' Legends of Kesmai'' was launched on AOL in 1996. The games were retired commercially in 2000. Price to play The game was available on CompuServe for no additional charge. However, CompuServe charged $6 per hour for 300 baud or $12 per hour for 1200 baud access rates. The game processed one command every 10 seconds, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roguelike
Roguelike (or rogue-like) is a subgenre of role-playing computer games traditionally characterized by a dungeon crawl through procedurally generated levels, turn-based gameplay, grid-based movement, and permanent death of the player character. Most roguelikes are based on a high fantasy narrative, reflecting their influence from tabletop role playing games such as ''Dungeons & Dragons''. Though ''Beneath Apple Manor'' predates it, the 1980 game ''Rogue'', which is an ASCII based game that runs in terminal or terminal emulator, is considered the forerunner and the namesake of the genre, with derivative games mirroring ''Rogue''s character- or sprite-based graphics. These games were popularized among college students and computer programmers of the 1980s and 1990s, leading to hundreds of variants. Some of the better-known variants include ''Hack'', '' NetHack'', '' Ancient Domains of Mystery'', ''Moria'', '' Angband'', '' Tales of Maj'Eyal'', and '' Dungeon Crawl Stone Sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CompuServe
CompuServe (CompuServe Information Service, also known by its initialism CIS) was an American online service provider, the first major commercial one in the world – described in 1994 as "the oldest of the Big Three information services (the others are Prodigy and America Online)." It dominated the field during the 1980s and remained a major influence through the mid-1990s. At its peak in the early 1990s, CIS was known for its online chat system, message forums covering a variety of topics, extensive software libraries for most computer platforms, and a series of popular online games, notably ''MegaWars III'' and ''Island of Kesmai''. It also was known for its introduction of the GIF format for pictures and as a GIF exchange mechanism. In 1997, 17 years after H&R Block had acquired CIS, the parent announced its desire to sell the company. A complex deal was worked out with WorldCom acting as a broker, resulting in CIS being sold to AOL. In 2015, Verizon acquired AOL, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
