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Christian Missionary Alliance
The Alliance World Fellowship is the international governing body of the Christian and Missionary Alliance (The Alliance, also C&MA and CMA). The Alliance is an evangelical Protestant denomination within the Higher Life movement of Christianity, teaching a modified form of Keswickian theology. The headquarters is in São Paulo, Brazil. History The Alliance has its origins in two organizations founded by Albert Benjamin Simpson in 1887 in Old Orchard Beach, Maine, in the United States, The Christian Alliance, which concentrated on domestic missions, and The Evangelical Missionary Alliance, which focused on overseas missions. These two organizations merged in 1897 to form the Christian and Missionary Alliance.Randall Herbert Balmer, ''Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism: Revised and expanded edition'', Baylor University Press, USA, 2004, p. 156 The ''Missionary Training Institute'' (now Alliance Theological Seminary), founded in 1882 by Simpson in Nyack, near New York, contribute ...
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Protestantism
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to be growing Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies within it. Protestantism emphasizes the Christian believer's justification by God in faith alone (') rather than by a combination of faith with good works as in Catholicism; the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by Grace in Christianity, divine grace or "unmerited favor" only ('); the Universal priesthood, priesthood of all faithful believers in the Church; and the ''sola scriptura'' ("scripture alone") that posits the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. Most Protestants, with the exception of Anglo-Papalism, reject the Catholic doctrine of papal supremacy, ...
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Alliance Theological Seminary
Alliance Theological Seminary is an evangelical Christian seminary affiliated with Alliance University (New York City) and the Christian and Missionary Alliance, located in Manhattan. History The seminary finds its roots from the Missionary Training Institute, a school established by A.B. Simpson to train missionaries for world service in 1882. The school eventually became Nyack College, and the seminary stemmed out of its graduate program, founded in 1960 as the Jaffray School of Missions. In 1974, the program was redesigned and subsequently renamed to the Alliance School of Theology and Missions. It took its current name in 1979, and was first accredited in 1990 by the Commission on Accrediting of the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada. In 2019, Nyack College closed Alliance Theological Seminary in Rockland County and moved all operations to the Manhattan campus. Programs The seminary offers a variety of graduate degrees including M.A. in inte ...
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Dictionary Of Pentecostal And Charismatic Movements
''The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements'' is a comprehensive reference work on charismatic Christianity which includes the three streams of Pentecostalism, the Charismatic Movement, and the Neocharismatic movement. It is edited primarily by Stanley M. Burgess. Published in 2002, it is the "revised and expanded edition" of the 1988 ''Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements''. Both editions are published by Zondervan. The original edition states the contributors to the volume come from both within and without the movement(s), and a "balanced overview" is attempted. It concentrates on North America and Europe, where the movement originated; rather than Latin America, Africa, and Asia, where the majority of members are found. The revised and expanded edition again asserts a "balanced overview" and breadth of contributors. While it attempts to be comprehensive, it does admit some imbalances in coverage mainly due to the absence of compl ...
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Ecclesiology
In Christian theology, ecclesiology is the study of the Church, the origins of Christianity, its relationship to Jesus, its role in salvation, its polity, its discipline, its eschatology, and its leadership. In its early history, one of the Church's primary ecclesiological issues had to do with the status of Gentile members in what had become the New Testament fulfilment of the essentially Jewish Old Testament church. It later contended with such questions as whether it was to be governed by a council of presbyters or a single bishop, how much authority the bishop of Rome had over other major bishops, the role of the Church in the world, whether salvation was possible outside of the institution of the Church, the relationship between the Church and the State, and questions of theology and liturgy and other issues. Ecclesiology may be used in the specific sense of a particular church or denomination's character, self-described or otherwise. This is the sense of the wo ...
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Christian Denomination
A Christian denomination is a distinct Religion, religious body within Christianity that comprises all Church (congregation), church congregations of the same kind, identifiable by traits such as a name, particular history, organization, leadership, theology, theological doctrine, worship style and sometimes a founder. It is a secular and neutral term, generally used to denote any established Christian church. Unlike a cult or sect, a denomination is usually seen as part of the Mainstream Christianity, Christian religious mainstream. Most Christian denominations self-describe themselves as ''churches'', whereas some newer ones tend to interchangeably use the terms ''churches'', ''assemblies'', Koinonia, ''fellowships'', etc. Divisions between one group and another are defined by authority and doctrine; issues such as the Christology, nature of Jesus, the authority of apostolic succession, biblical hermeneutics, Christian theology, theology, ecclesiology, Christian eschatology, esch ...
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Charismatic Movement
The charismatic movement in Christianity is a movement within established or mainstream Christian denominations to adopt beliefs and practices of Charismatic Christianity with an emphasis on baptism with the Holy Spirit, and the use of spiritual gifts (''charismata''). It has affected most denominations in the US, and has spread widely across the world. The movement is deemed to have begun in 1960 in Anglicanism, and spread to other mainstream protestant denominations, including Lutherans and Presbyterians by 1962 and to Roman Catholicism by 1967. Methodists became involved in the charismatic movement in the 1970s. The movement was not initially influential in evangelical churches, and although this changed in the 1980s in the so called Third Wave, this was often expressed in the formation of separate evangelical churches such as the Vineyard Movement - neo-charismatic organisations that mirrored the establishment of Pentecostal churches. Many traditional evangelical ...
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Speaking In Tongues
Speaking in tongues, also known as glossolalia, is a practice in which people utter words or speech-like sounds, often thought by believers to be languages unknown to the speaker. One definition used by linguists is the fluid vocalizing of speech-like syllables that lack any readily comprehended meaning, in some cases as part of religious practice in which some believe it to be a divine language unknown to the speaker."Glossolalian", ''A Dictionary of Psychology''. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009Oxford Reference Online Retrieved 5 August 2011. Glossolalia is practiced in Pentecostal and charismatic Christianity, as well as in other religions. Sometimes a distinction is made between "glossolalia" and "xenolalia" or " xenoglossy", which specifically relates to the belief that the language being spoken is a natural language previously unknown to the speaker. Etymology ''Glossolalia'' is a borrowing of the grc-gre, γλωσσολαλία, glossolalía, ...
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International Church Of The Foursquare Gospel
The Foursquare Church is an Evangelical Pentecostal Christian denomination founded in 1923 by preacher Aimee Semple McPherson. The headquarters are in Los Angeles, California, United States. History The church has its origins in a vision of "Foursquare Gospel" (or "Full Gospel") during a sermon in October 1922 in Oakland, California by the evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson. According to chapter 1 of Book of Ezekiel, Ezekiel had a vision of God as revealed to be four different aspects: a man, a lion, an ox and an eagle. It also represents the four aspects of Christ: "Savior, Baptizer with the Holy Spirit, Healer and Soon and Coming King." This was the vision and name she gave at Foursquare Church, founded in 1923 in Los Angeles. Despite some affinities with Pentecostals, her beliefs are interdenominational. She opened the Angelus Temple in Echo Park in 1923, seating 5,300 people. The attendance has become a megachurch with 10,000 people. McPherson was a flamboyant celeb ...
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Assemblies Of God USA
The Assemblies of God USA (AG), officially the General Council of the Assemblies of God, is a Pentecostal Christian denomination in the United States founded in 1914 during a meeting of white Pentecostal ministers at Hot Springs, Arkansas (with exception to CH Mason), separating from the historically black Church of God in Christ. The Assemblies of God is a Finished Work Pentecostal denomination and is the U.S. branch of the World Assemblies of God Fellowship, the world's largest Pentecostal body. With a constituency of over 3 million, the Assemblies of God was the ninth largest Christian denomination and the second largest Pentecostal denomination in the United States in 2011. National Council of Churches (February 14, 2011)"Trends continue in church membership growth or decline, reports 2011 Yearbook of American & Canadian Churches" accessed February 17, 2011. The statistical figures used in the 2011 Yearbook were collected in 2008. The Assemblies of God holds to a conservativ ...
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Pentecostal Movement
Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement"Spirit and Power: A 10-Country Survey of Pentecostals"
The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life.
that emphasizes direct personal experience of through . The term ''Pentecostal'' is derived from

William Boardman
William Edwin Boardman (1810–1886) was an American pastor, teacher, and author. His 1858 book, ''The Higher Christian Life'', was a major international success and helped ignite the Higher Life movement. Boardman's work attracted international attention, especially in England, where Boardman exercised great influence during 1873–1874. Life Boardman was born in 1810 to Isaac Smith and Abigail Saltmarsh Boardman. In his youth he had religious training and had a knowledge of the gospel. He married Mary Adams in 1837. In 1858 he published the first edition of ''The Higher Christian Life''. Elizabeth Baxter reported that reading "Gladness in Jesus" in 1873 had caused her to re-evaluate her beliefs and to trust more to God. Baxter was to found the Bethshan mission which was base for healing by prayer. She would say that Boardman was the founder of the mission, but others see Baxter as the driving spirit. In 1885, he co-authored a book called Skilful Susy: A Book of Fairs and Baza ...
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Mark A
Mark may refer to: Currency * Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark, the currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina * East German mark, the currency of the German Democratic Republic * Estonian mark, the currency of Estonia between 1918 and 1927 * Finnish markka ( sv, finsk mark, links=no), the currency of Finland from 1860 until 28 February 2002 * Mark (currency), a currency or unit of account in many nations * Polish mark ( pl, marka polska, links=no), the currency of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Republic of Poland between 1917 and 1924 German * Deutsche Mark, the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later the unified Germany from 1990 until 2002 * German gold mark, the currency used in the German Empire from 1873 to 1914 * German Papiermark, the German currency from 4 August 1914 * German rentenmark, a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to stop the hyperinflation of 1922 and 1923 in Weimar Germany * Lodz Ghetto mark, a special currency for Lodz Ghet ...
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