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Chionodraco
''Chionodraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1905 by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg when he described the ''Chaenichthys hamatus'' which he subsequently placed in a new monotypic genus. The genus name is a compound of ''chionos'' meaning "snow" and ''draco'' which means "dragon", Lönnberg did not explain this but it may allude to a relationship with the genus '' Cryodraco''. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: * '' Chionodraco hamatus'' (Lönnberg, 1905) * '' Chionodraco myersi'' H. H. DeWitt & J. C. Tyler, 1960 (Myers' icefish) * '' Chionodraco rastrospinosus'' H. H. DeWitt & Hureau, 1979 (Ocellated icefish) Characteristics ''Chionodraco'' icefishes may have the spine on the snout present or it is reduced to a small centrally placed knob. The gill rakers may bear tee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco
''Chionodraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1905 by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg when he described the ''Chaenichthys hamatus'' which he subsequently placed in a new monotypic genus. The genus name is a compound of ''chionos'' meaning "snow" and ''draco'' which means "dragon", Lönnberg did not explain this but it may allude to a relationship with the genus '' Cryodraco''. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: * '' Chionodraco hamatus'' (Lönnberg, 1905) * '' Chionodraco myersi'' H. H. DeWitt & J. C. Tyler, 1960 (Myers' icefish) * '' Chionodraco rastrospinosus'' H. H. DeWitt & Hureau, 1979 (Ocellated icefish) Characteristics ''Chionodraco'' icefishes may have the spine on the snout present or it is reduced to a small centrally placed knob. The gill rakers may bear tee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco Myersi
''Chionodraco myersi'', the Myer's icefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. It is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco myersi'' was first formally described in 1960 by the American ichthyologists Hugh Hamilton DeWitt and James Chase Tyler II with the type locality given as off Terra Nova Bay in the southwestern Ross Sea. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist George S. Myers in recognition of the suuport he gave to the Stanford Antarctic Biological Research Program of 1958-1959, on which the type was obtained. Description ''Chionodraco myersi'' has a low knob on its snout rather than a spine and lacks the roughened ridges above the eyes shown by '' C. hamatus''. The dorsal fins have between 5 and 7 spines and 36-40 soft rays while the anal fin has 34-37 soft rays. This species is pale greyish with a white belly and has five to six dark cross-bars on each side of its bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco Hamatus
''Chionodraco hamatus'' is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. It is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco hamatus'' was first formally described in 1905 as ''Chaenichthys rhinoceratus hamatus'' by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg with the type locality given as Snow Hill Island in Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. Lönnberg subsequent classified it in a new genus ''Chionodraco'' as its only species so ''C. hamatus'' is the type species of that genus by monotypy. Some authorities regard ''C. kathleenae'' as a valid species. The specific name ''hamatus'' means “hooked”, a reference to the hooked operculum spines. Description ''Chionodraco hamatus'' has a robust, backwards pointing spine on its snout. In larger individuals the ridges above the eyes are roughly textured. The dorsal fin has 5 to 7 spines and 38 to 42 soft rays while the anal fin has 33 to 38 soft rays. The overall colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco Rastrospinosus
The ocellated icefish (''Chionodraco rastrospinosus'') is a fish of the family Channichthyidae. It lives in the cold waters off Antarctica and is known for having transparent haemoglobin-free blood. ''C. rastrospinosus'' live in the Southern Ocean up to a depth of 1 km.They are most commonly found on the seabed at 200–400 m. They range from the South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands to the Antarctic Peninsula . They grow up to and average . The adults feed on krill and other fish. Larvae are 17 mm long when they hatch, and grow by about 2 mm a week. The larval stage lasts for up to 18 months during which they feed mainly on krill. They become sexually mature at four years, and normally live up to about eight years, but sometimes as long as twelve. In the Antarctic autumn, adult ''C. rastrospinosus'' migrate to shallow waters to spawn at a depth of 200–300 m. The eggs are scattered and hatch six months later around April. Blood colour Haemoglobin give ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Channichthyidae
The crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish comprise a family (Channichthyidae) of notothenioid fish found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. They are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin in their blood as adults. Icefish populations are known to reside in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean, as well as the continental shelf waters surrounding Antarctica. Water temperatures in these regions remain relatively stable, generally ranging from . One icefish, ''Champsocephalus esox,'' is distributed north of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. At least 16 species of crocodile icefish are currently recognized, although eight additional species have been proposed for the icefish genus ''Channichthys.'' In February 2021, scientists discovered and documented a breeding colony of ''Neopagetopsis ionah'' icefish estimated to have 60 million active nests across an area of approximately 92 square miles at the bottom of the Weddell Sea in Antarctica. The majority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crocodile Icefish
The crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish comprise a family (Channichthyidae) of notothenioid fish found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. They are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin in their blood as adults. Icefish populations are known to reside in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean, as well as the continental shelf waters surrounding Antarctica. Water temperatures in these regions remain relatively stable, generally ranging from . One icefish, ''Champsocephalus esox,'' is distributed north of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. At least 16 species of crocodile icefish are currently recognized, although eight additional species have been proposed for the icefish genus ''Channichthys.'' In February 2021, scientists discovered and documented a breeding colony of ''Neopagetopsis ionah'' icefish estimated to have 60 million active nests across an area of approximately 92 square miles at the bottom of the Weddell Sea in Antarctica. The majority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Einar Lönnberg
Axel Johann Einar Lönnberg (24 December 1865 – 21 November 1942) was a Swedish zoologist and conservationist. Lönnberg was born in Stockholm. He was head of the Vertebrate Department of the '' Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet'' (Swedish Natural History Museum) from 1904 to 1933. In 1891 he obtained his PhD from the University of Uppsala, spending the next twelve years as an inspector in the fisheries service. During this time-frame he made scientific trips to Florida (1892 – 1893) and the Caspian Sea (1899). In 1904 he was appointed head of the department of vertebrates at the ''Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet'' in Stockholm. In 1910 – 1911 he participated in an expedition to East Africa. From 1925 to 1942 he served as prefect of the ''Kristineberg Marina Forskningsstation'' (Kristineberg Marine Zoological Station). In regard to his zoological research, his primary focus dealt with mammals, birds and fish, but he also made significant contributions in his studies of reptiles and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gill Raker
Gill rakers in fish are bony or cartilaginous processes that project from the branchial arch (gill arch) and are involved with suspension feeding tiny prey. They are not to be confused with the gill filaments that compose the fleshy part of the gill used for gas exchange. Rakers are usually present in two rows, projecting from both the anterior and posterior side of each gill arch. Rakers are widely varied in number, spacing, and form. By preventing food particles from exiting the spaces between the gill arches, they enable the retention of food particles in filter feeders. The structure and spacing of gill rakers in fish determines the size of food particles trapped, and correlates with feeding behavior. Fish with densely spaced, elongated, comb-like gill rakers are efficient at filtering tiny prey, whereas carnivores and omnivores often have more widely spaced gill rakers with secondary projections. Because gill raker characters often vary between closely related taxa, they are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelagic Fish
Pelagic fish live in the pelagic zone of ocean or lake waters—being neither close to the bottom nor near the shore—in contrast with demersal fish that do live on or near the bottom, and reef fish that are associated with coral reefs. The marine pelagic environment is the largest aquatic habitat on Earth, occupying 1,370 million cubic kilometres (330 million cubic miles), and is the habitat for 11% of known fish species. The oceans have a mean depth of . About 98% of the total water volume is below , and 75% is below . Moyle and Cech, p. 585 Marine pelagic fish can be divided into coastal (inshore) fish and oceanic (offshore) fish. Coastal pelagic fish inhabit the relatively shallow and sunlit waters above the continental shelf, while oceanic pelagic fish inhabit the vast and deep waters beyond the continental shelf (even though they also may swim inshore). Pelagic fish range in size from small coastal forage fish, such as herrings and sardines, to large ape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demersal Fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone).Walrond Carl . "Coastal fish - Fish of the open sea floor"Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Updated 2 March 2009 They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word ''demersal'' comes from the Latin ''demergere'', which means ''to sink''. Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column. Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four percent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Total Length
Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies. These data are used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fisheries biology. Overall length * Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the posterior end of the last vertebra or to the posterior end of the midlateral portion of the hypural plate. Simply put, this measurement excludes the length of the caudal (tail) fin. * Total length (TL) is the length of a fish measured from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fin, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the midline. It is a straight-line measure, not measured over the curve of the body. Standard length measurements are used with Teleostei (most bony fish), while total length measurements are used with Myxini ( hagfish), Petromyzontiformes ( lampreys), and (usually) Elasmobranchii (shark Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caudal Fin
Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as seen in sharks. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles. Their principal function is to help the fish swim. Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward, turning, keeping an upright position or stopping. Most fish use fins when swimming, flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding, and frogfish use them for crawling. Fins can also be used for other purposes; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm, thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey, reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom, anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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