Cen Yidong
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Cen Yidong
Cen Yidong (, vi, Sầm Nghi Đống, ? – January 30, 1789) was a Zhuang official of Qing dynasty. He was the hereditary '' tǔsī'' (native chief) of Tianzhou (present day Tianyang County of Guangxi). Cen succeeded his grandfather Cen Yingqi (岑應祺) in 1746. He was granted the position "Magistrate of Tianzhou" (田州知府) by Qing dynasty. During his term, he built several schools in Tianzhou. His son Cen Zhao (岑照) cheated in imperial examination The imperial examination (; lit. "subject recommendation") refers to a civil-service examination system in Imperial China, administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy. The concept of choosing bureaucrats by ..., and was executed in 1783. Cen led 2000 soldiers took part in the Battle of Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa. He was ordered to guard Đống Đa Fort. On January 30, 1789 (Lunar calendar January 5 of ''Kỷ Dậu''), his army was besieged by a Tây Sơn army under general Đặ ...
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Tusi
''Tusi'', often translated as "headmen" or "chieftains", were hereditary tribal leaders recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties of China, and the Later Lê and Nguyễn dynasties of Vietnam. They ruled certain ethnic minorities in southwest China and the Indochinese peninsula nominally on behalf of the central government. This arrangement is known as the ''Tusi System'' or the ''Native Chieftain System'' (). It should not to be confused with the Chinese tributary system or the Jimi system. ''Tusi'' were located primarily in Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet, Sichuan, Chongqing, the Xiangxi Prefecture of Hunan, and the Enshi Prefecture of Hubei. ''Tusi'' also existed in the historical dependencies of China in what is today northern Myanmar, Laos, and northern Thailand. Vietnam also implemented a ''Tusi'' system under the Later Lê and Nguyễn dynasties. In 2015, UNESCO designated three ''Tusi'' castles ( Laosicheng, Tangya, and Hailongtun) as part of ...
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