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CCR4-Not
Carbon Catabolite Repression—Negative On TATA-less, or CCR4-Not, is a multiprotein complex that functions in gene expression. The complex has multiple enzymatic activities as both a poly(A) 3′-5′ exonuclease and a ubiquitin ligase. The complex is present both in the nucleus where it regulates transcription and in the cytoplasm where it associates with translating ribosomes and RNA processing bodies. Subunits The human CCR4-Not complex is composed of structural (non-catalytic) subunits and those that have exonuclease and E3 ligase activity. Some but not all of the human subunits are conserved in budding yeast. Molecular weight of human subunits from Uniprot. See also * Deadenylation * Gene expression Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, protein or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype, as the final effect. T ... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT1
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT1'' gene. It is a part of the CCR4-Not complex, which deadenylates mRNAs. CNOT1 acts as a scaffold protein, binding other subunits of the complex. Interactions CNOT1 has been shown to interact with CNOT8 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT8'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Interactions CNOT8 has been shown to interact with BTG2, BTG1, CNOT1 and CNOT3 C .... References Further reading * * * * * External links * * * {{gene-16-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonuclease
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3′ or the 5′ end occurs. Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5′ to 3′ exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3′ to 5′ exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3′ to 5′ exonuclease. In both archaea and eukaryotes, one of the main routes of RNA degradation is performed by the multi-protein exosome complex, which consists largely of 3′ to 5′ exoribonucleases. Significance to polymerase RNA polymerase II is known to be in effect during transcriptional termination; it works with a 5' exonuclease (human gene Xrn2) to degrade the newly formed transcr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonucleases
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3′ or the 5′ end occurs. Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5′ to 3′ exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3′ to 5′ exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3′ to 5′ exonuclease. In both archaea and eukaryotes, one of the main routes of RNA degradation is performed by the multi-protein exosome complex, which consists largely of 3′ to 5′ exoribonucleases. Significance to polymerase RNA polymerase II is known to be in effect during transcriptional termination; it works with a 5' exonuclease (human gene Xrn2) to degrade the newly formed tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT3
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT3'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Interactions CNOT3 has been shown to interact with CNOT8 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT8'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Interactions CNOT8 has been shown to interact with BTG2, BTG1, CNOT1 and CNOT3 C .... References Further reading * * * * External links * {{gene-19-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT7
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT7'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Function The protein encoded by this gene binds to an anti-proliferative protein, B-cell translocation protein 1, which negatively regulates cell proliferation. Binding of the two proteins, which is driven by phosphorylation of the anti-proliferative protein, causes signaling events in cell division that lead to changes in cell proliferation associated with cell-cell contact. The protein has both mouse and yeast orthologs. Alternate splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Interactions CNOT7 has been shown to interact with: * BTG1, * PABPC1, * TOB1, and * TOB2 Protein Tob2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TOB2'' gene. TOB2 belongs to the TOB (see TOB1; MIM 605523)/BTG1 (MIM 109580) family of antiproliferative proteins, which are involved in the regulation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT4
CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT4 gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CCR4-Not complex, a global transcriptional regulator and deadenylase. The encoded protein interacts with CNOT1 and has ubiquitin ligase A ubiquitin ligase (also called an E3 ubiquitin ligase) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and assists or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquit ... activity. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. rovided by RefSeq, Jul 2010 Diseases associated with CNOT4 include Adenoiditis. References Further reading * * * * * * * * * Genes Human proteins {{gene-7-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT8
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT8'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Interactions CNOT8 has been shown to interact with BTG2, BTG1, CNOT1 and CNOT3 CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT3'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex. Interactions CNOT3 has been shown to interact with CNOT8 CCR4-NOT transcription c .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * External links * {{gene-5-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT2
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT2'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not Carbon Catabolite Repression—Negative On TATA-less, or CCR4-Not, is a multiprotein complex that functions in gene expression. The complex has multiple enzymatic activities as both a poly(A) 3′-5′ exonuclease and a ubiquitin ligase. The co ... deadenylase complex. References External links * Further reading * * * * * * * * * {{gene-12-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT9
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT9 gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the highly conserved RCD1 protein family. The encoded protein is a transcriptional cofactor and a core protein of the CCR4-Not deadenylation Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In euka ... complex. It may be involved in signal transduction as well as retinoic acid-regulated cell differentiation and development. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. rovided by RefSeq, Oct 2012 References Further reading * * * * * * * * * {{gene-2-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT11
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT11 gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not Carbon Catabolite Repression—Negative On TATA-less, or CCR4-Not, is a multiprotein complex that functions in gene expression. The complex has multiple enzymatic activities as both a poly(A) 3′-5′ exonuclease and a ubiquitin ligase. The co ... deadenylase complex. References Further reading * {{gene-2-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT10
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT10 gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not Carbon Catabolite Repression—Negative On TATA-less, or CCR4-Not, is a multiprotein complex that functions in gene expression. The complex has multiple enzymatic activities as both a poly(A) 3′-5′ exonuclease and a ubiquitin ligase. The co ... deadenylase complex. References Further reading * {{gene-3-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNOT6L
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 6 like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNOT6L gene. It is a paralog of CNOT6 and therefore a potential subunit of the CCR4-Not Carbon Catabolite Repression—Negative On TATA-less, or CCR4-Not, is a multiprotein complex that functions in gene expression. The complex has multiple enzymatic activities as both a poly(A) 3′-5′ exonuclease and a ubiquitin ligase. The co ... deadenylase complex. References Further reading * * * * * * * * * {{gene-4-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
