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Cyclorhagida
Cyclorhagida is a class (biology), class of Kinorhyncha, kinorhynchs, small marine Invertebrate, invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos, commonly known as mud dragons. Orders and families * Order Echinorhagata Sørensen et al., 2015 ** Echinoderidae Zelinka, 1894Zelinka, C. (1894). Über die Organisation von Echinoderes. ''Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft'', 4, 46–49. * Order Kentrorhagata Sørensen et al., 2015 ** Antygomonidae Adrianov & Malakhov, 1994Adrianov, A. V. & Malakhov, V. V. (1994). ''Kinorhyncha: structure, development, phylogeny and taxonomy''. Moscow: Nauka. ** Cateriidae Gerlach, 1956Gerlach, S. (1956). Über einen aberranten Vertreter der Kinorhynchen aus dem Küstengrundwasser. ''Kieler Meeresforschungen'', 12, 120–124. ** Centroderidae Zelinka, 1896 ** Semnoderidae Remane, 1929Remane, A. (1929). In Grimpe, J. & Wagler, E. (Eds.), ''Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostee'' (pp. 1–156). Lei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antygomonidae
''Antygomonas'' is a genus of Cyclorhagida, cyclorhagids. It is the only genus in the family Antygomonidae Adrianov & Malakhov, 1994. Species of ''Antygomonas'' are commonly referred to as "mud dragons." Species *''Antygomonas incomitata'' Nebelsick, 1990 *''Antygomonas oreas'' Bauer-Nebelsick, 1996Bauer-Nebelsick, M. (1996). ''Antygomonas oreas'' sp. n., a new deep-sea kinorhynch from the Pacific Ocean (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida). ''Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien'', 98(B), 5–22. *''Antygomonas paulae'' Sørensen, 2007Sørensen, M. V. (2007). A new species of ''Antygomonas'' (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Atlantic coast of Florida, USA. ''Cahiers de Biologie Marine'', 48, 155–168. References Further reading *Müller, M. & Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. (2003). Reconstruction of the muscle system in ''Antygomonas'' sp. (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida) by means of phalloidin labeling and cLSM. ''Journal of Morphology'', 265(2), 103–110. *Sørensen, M., Accogli, G. & Han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinorhagata
Echinoderidae is a family of kinorhynchs (also known as mud dragons) in the class Cyclorhagida Cyclorhagida is a class (biology), class of Kinorhyncha, kinorhynchs, small marine Invertebrate, invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos, commonly known as mud dragons. Orders and families * O .... Kinorhyncha currently includes around 300 valid species, distributed on eleven families. However, nearly half of the species are accommodated in a single family, Echinoderidae. The family is characterized by species with trunk segment 1 always forming a closed ring, segment 2 showing variation in its plate composition, and segments 3 to 10 consisting of a tergal and two sternal plates. Middorsal spines are, if present at all, restricted to appear on segments 4 to 8, and a midterminal spine is never present in adults. Five genera, ''Echinoderes'', ''Cephalorhyncha'', ''Fissuroderes'', ''Meristoderes,'' and ''Polacanthoderes'', are curre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha (, ' "snout") is a phylum of small marine invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos. They are commonly called mud dragons. Modern species are or less, but Cambrian forms could reach . Anatomy Kinorhynchs are limbless animals, with a body consisting of a head, neck, and a trunk of eleven segments. They are the only members of Ecdysozoa, except from the panarthropoda, with a segmented body. Juveniles have eight or nine segments, depending on genus, with the last two or three being added later during growth. A Cambrian species, Eokinorhynchus rarus, had about twice as many segments as present forms. Like other ecdysozoans they do not have external cilia, but instead have a number of spines along the body, plus up to seven circles of spines around the head. These spines are used for locomotion, withdrawing the head and pushing forward, then gripping the substrate with the spines while drawing up the body. The body ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinoderes Hwiizaa
''Echinoderes'' is a genus of mud dragons first described in 1863.Sørensen, Martin Vinther, et al.An exploration of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) in Korean and neighboring waters, with the description of four new species and a redescription of E. tchefouensis Lou, 1934. Zootaxa 3368 (2012): 161-196. It is the largest genus within class Kinorhyncha. It is a highly diverse genus, with member species that inhabit "most marine benthic substrates, on latitudes ranging from the Arctic to the tropics, and from the intertidal zone down to the deep sea." Species on the east coasts of North and South America have been extensively studied by Robert P. Higgins. Species in east Asia have been extensively studied by A. V. Adrianov. Members of ''Echinoderes'' are sexually dimorphic. Globally ''Echinoderes'' are the most diverse, abundant and commonly encountered of all kinorhynch genera. The number of described ''Echinoderes'' species has more than doubled since 2002 and it is sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zelinkaderidae
Zelinkaderidae is a family of worms belonging to the class Cyclorhagida Cyclorhagida is a class (biology), class of Kinorhyncha, kinorhynchs, small marine Invertebrate, invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos, commonly known as mud dragons. Orders and families * O .... Genera: * '' Triodontoderes'' Sørensen & Rho, 2009 * '' Zelinkaderes'' Higgins, 1990 References Kinorhyncha {{protostome-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semnoderidae
Semnoderidae is a family of worms belonging to the class Cyclorhagida Cyclorhagida is a class (biology), class of Kinorhyncha, kinorhynchs, small marine Invertebrate, invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos, commonly known as mud dragons. Orders and families * O .... Genera: * '' Antygomonas''? Nebelsick, 1990 * '' Parasemnoderes'' Adrianov & Maiorova, 2018 * '' Semnoderes'' Zelinka, 1907 * '' Sphenoderes'' Higgins, 1969 References {{Authority control Kinorhyncha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centroderidae
Centroderidae is a family of kinorhynchs belonging to the class Cyclorhagida Cyclorhagida is a class (biology), class of Kinorhyncha, kinorhynchs, small marine Invertebrate, invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos, commonly known as mud dragons. Orders and families * O .... Genera: * '' Campyloderes'' Zelinka, 1907 * '' Centroderes'' Zelinka, 1907 * '' Condyloderes'' Higgins, 1969 References Kinorhyncha {{Protostome-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cateriidae
Cateriidae is a family of kinorhynchs placed either in the class Cyclorhagida (according to Sørensen et al.) or Allomalorhagida (according to Herranz et al.). It consists of a single genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ..., ''Cateria'' Gerlach, 1956. Species *'' Cateria gerlachi'' Higgins, 1968Higgins, R. P. (1968). Taxonomy and postembryonic development of the Crytorhagae, a new suborder for the mesopsammic kinorhynch genus ''Cateria''. ''Transactions of the American Microscopical Society'', 87(1), 21–39. *'' Cateria styx'' Gerlach, 1956 References Kinorhyncha Ecdysozoa genera {{protostome-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class () is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order. History The class as a distinct rank of biological classification having its own distinctive name – and not just called a ''top-level genus'' ''(genus summum)'' – was first introduced by French botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort in the classification of plants that appeared in his '' Eléments de botanique'' of 1694. Insofar as a general definition of a class is available, it has historically been conceived as embracing taxa that combine a distinct ''grade'' of organization—i.e. a 'level of complexity', measured in terms of how differentiated their organ systems are into distinct regions or sub-organs—with a distinct ''type'' of construction, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meiobenthos
Meiobenthos, also called meiofauna, are small benthic invertebrates that live in marine or freshwater environments, or both. The term ''meiofauna'' loosely defines a group of organisms by their sizelarger than microfauna but smaller than macrofaunarather than by their taxonomy. This fauna includes both animals that turn into macrofauna later in life, and those small enough to belong to the meiobenthos their entire life. In marine environments there can be thousands of individuals in 10 cubic centimeters of sediment, and counts animals like nematodes, copepods, rotifers, tardigrades and ostracods, but protists like ciliates and foraminifers within the size range of the meiobenthos are also often included. In practice, the term usually includes organisms that can pass through a 1 mm mesh but are retained by a 45 μm mesh, though exact dimensions may vary. Whether an organism will pass through a 1 mm mesh also depends upon whether it is alive or dead at the time o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
