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Cryptic Studios
Cryptic Studios is an American video game developer specializing in MMORPG, massively multiplayer online role-playing games. It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California, and was a wholly owned Perfect World (company), Perfect World subsidiary, and is now owned by Embracer Group. History Established in June 2000, Michael Lewis and Rick Dakan conceived the idea for Cryptic Studios. "Rick and I wanted to do an online role-playing game," Lewis told the ''Los Gatos Weekly Times'' in January 2007. "We'd been role-playing gamers growing up, and thought that online would be a great way to continue that experience, while overcoming the distances involved. We decided that there were too many fantasy games in development—this was 1999 in video gaming, 1999, so we discussed many alternatives. Superheroes quickly rose to the top of the list. It is something people could understand and identify with quickly, versus ideas like science fiction or horror, because it provides an infinite backgr ...
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Neverwinter (video Game)
''Neverwinter'' is a free-to-play massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed by Cryptic Studios for Microsoft Windows in 2013, Xbox One in 2015, and PlayStation 4 in 2016. Based on the fictional ''Forgotten Realms'' city of Neverwinter from ''Dungeons & Dragons'', ''Neverwinter'' is a standalone game and not part of the previous Neverwinter Nights (series), ''Neverwinter Nights'' series. Gameplay Players can choose one of eight ''Dungeons & Dragons'' character class (Dungeons & Dragons), character classes and form groups of up to five player characters (PCs). ''Neverwinter'' was originally based on a modified version of the Dungeons & Dragons 4th Edition, ''Dungeons & Dragons'' 4th edition rules set. This includes the use of healing powers and ''action points'', the latter of which is implemented through a system referred to as ''dailies'', allowing a player to perform a special ability by accumulating enough action points through combat. A player-created content sy ...
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Subsidiary
A subsidiary, subsidiary company, or daughter company is a company (law), company completely or partially owned or controlled by another company, called the parent company or holding company, which has legal and financial control over the subsidiary company. Unlike regional branches or divisions, subsidiaries are considered to be distinct entities from their parent companies; they are required to follow the laws of where they are incorporated, and they maintain their own executive leadership. Two or more subsidiaries primarily controlled by same entity/group are considered to be sister companies of each other. Subsidiaries are a common feature of modern business, and most multinational corporations organize their operations via the creation and purchase of subsidiary companies. Examples of holding companies are Berkshire Hathaway, Jefferies Financial Group, The Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Discovery, and Citigroup, which have subsidiaries involved in many different Industry (e ...
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Player Versus Player
Player versus player (PvP) is a type of multiplayer interactive conflict within a game between human players. This is often compared to player versus environment (PvE), in which the game itself controls its players' opponents and is usually offline, whereas PvP tends to be online. The terms are most often used in games where both activities exist, particularly MMORPGs, MUDs, and other role-playing video games, to distinguish between gamemodes. PvP can be broadly used to describe any game, or aspect of a game, where players compete against each other. PvP is often controversial when used in role-playing games. In most cases, there are vast differences in abilities between players. PvP can even encourage experienced players to immediately attack and kill inexperienced players. PvP is often referred to as player killing in the cases of games which contain, but do not focus on, such interaction. History ''Genocide'', an LPMud launched in 1992, was a pioneer in PvP conflict as the f ...
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City Of Villains
''City of Heroes'' (''CoH'') is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game originally created by Cryptic Studios prior to the IP’s acquisition by NCSoft. Previously developed by the now-defunct Paragon Studios, it is currently developed by several private servers, one of them being Homecoming Servers who have a limited license from NCSoft. The game was launched in North America on April 28, 2004, and in Europe by NCsoft Europe on February 4, 2005, with English, German and French servers. In the game, players created super-powered player characters that could team up with others to complete missions and fight criminals belonging to various gangs and organizations in the fictional Paragon City. Twenty-three free major updates for ''City of Heroes'' were released before its shutdown. The final live update, "Where Shadows Lie", was released on May 31, 2012. On August 31, 2012, NCsoft terminated its Paragon Studios development team, ending all production on ''City of Heroe ...
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NCSoft
NCSoft Corporation (stylized as NC, formerly stylized as NCSOFT; ) is a South Korean video game developer and publisher headquartered in Pangyo, Seongnam, South Korea, primarily known for the distribution of massively multiplayer online role-playing games such as '' Lineage'' and ''Guild Wars''. History NCSoft was founded in March 1997 by Kim Taek-jin. In September 1998, NCSoft launched its first game '' Lineage''. In April 2001 the company created a US subsidiary under the name NC Interactive (based in Austin, Texas, and would later become NCSoft West) after acquiring Destination Games, headed by Richard Garriott and Robert Garriott. In 2004, NCSoft launched two MMORPGs, ''Lineage II'' and ''City of Heroes''..In December 2023, NCsoft released the MMPRPG ‘Throne and Liberty’. The company formed NCSoft Europe in July 2004 as a wholly owned subsidiary with its main office in Brighton, England. They brought ''City of Heroes'' to several European countries on February 4, 2 ...
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Video Game Publisher
A video game publisher is a company that publishes video games that have been developed either internally by the publisher or externally by a video game developer. They often finance the development, sometimes by paying a video game developer (the publisher calls this ''external development'') and sometimes by paying an internal staff of developers called a ''studio''. The large video game publishers also distribute the games they publish, while some smaller publishers instead hire distribution companies (or larger video game publishers) to distribute the games they publish. Other functions usually performed by the publisher include deciding on and paying for any licenses that are used by the game; paying for localization; layout, printing, and possibly the writing of the user manual; and the creation of graphic design elements such as the box design. Some large publishers with vertical structure also own publishing subsidiaries (labels). Large publishers also attempt to boos ...
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Gearbox Software
Gearbox Software, L.L.C is an American video game developer, video game development company based in Frisco, Texas. It was established as a limited liability company in February 1999 by five developers formerly of Rebel Boat Rocker. Randy Pitchford, one of the founders, serves as President (corporate title), president and chief executive officer. Gearbox initially created expansions for the Valve Corporation, Valve game ''Half-Life (series), Half-Life'', then ported that game and others to console platforms. In 2005, Gearbox launched its first independent set of games, ''Brothers in Arms (video game series), Brothers in Arms'', on console and mobile devices. It became their flagship franchise and spun off a comic book series, television documentary, books, and action figures. Their second original game series, ''Borderlands (series), Borderlands'', commenced in 2009, and by 2015 had sold over 26 million copies. The company also owns the intellectual property of ''Duke Nukem'' and ...
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The Gathering
The Gathering may refer to: Film and television * ''The Gathering'' (1977 film), an American television film directed by Randal Kleiser * The Gathering (1998 film), an American thriller film directed by Danny Carrales * ''The Gathering'' (2003 film), a British thriller/horror film directed by Brian Gilbert * ''The Gathering'' (miniseries), a 2007 American thriller starring Peter Fonda * ''The Gathering'' (audio drama), a 2006 audio drama based on the television programme ''Doctor Who'' * The Gathering, a contest among immortals in the Highlander franchise * '' Babylon 5: The Gathering'', the 1993 pilot movie for ''Babylon 5'' TV episodes * "The Gathering" (''Gargoyles'') * "The Gathering" (''Ghost Whisperer'') * "The Gathering" (''Highlander: The Series''), pilot * "The Gathering" (''Outlander'') * "The Gathering" (''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'') * "The Gathering" (''Torchwood'') Literature * ''The Gathering'' (Armstrong novel), a 2011 novel by Kelley Armstrong * ...
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Jack Emmert
Jack Emmert is an American game designer who has worked primarily on role-playing games and computer games. Career Emmert had been playing the role-playing game '' Champions'' ever since it was released in 1981. He spent his teenage years reading comic books and playing '' AD&D''. During his student years, Emmert wrote several pen and paper RPG supplements to make ends meet. After a lengthy stint in academia, he co-founded Cryptic Studios. He designed the MMORPGs ''City of Heroes'' and '' City of Villains''. Emmert was the chief creative officer and directed the design of all games from Cryptic Studios, and was involved in the development of '' Marvel Universe Online''. He and Cryptic later decided that ''Champions'' would be a suitable replacement for the Marvel Comics IP that they had lost, thus Cryptic purchased the rights for the ''Champions'' game and its universe from Hero Games in 2008. Emmert was the online producer for ''Star Trek Online''. In March 2010, Bill Roper was ...
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Bill Roper (video Game Producer)
Bill Roper (born March 27, 1965) is an American video game designer and producer. He is a co-founder and the current Chief Executive Officer at Lunacy Games. Previously he was Chief Creative Officer at Web3 start-up Midnight. He has also served as co-founder and Chief Creative Officer at AuthorDigital (Adept Stusios / Arcadia Games) and was Chief Creative Officer at Improbable. Roper was Vice President/GM at Disney Interactive Studios from 2011–2016, and headed video game studios and creative and development departments for two decades, including divisions at Blizzard Entertainment, Flagship Studios, and Cryptic Studios. He is also an accomplished musician, and a founding member of the folk band The Poxy Boggards. Career Roper worked at Blizzard North and Blizzard Entertainment from 1994 to 2003, and was Vice President at Blizzard North at the time of his departure. He served in senior production and design capacities on the ''Warcraft'', ''StarCraft'', and '' Diablo'' series ...
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GameDaily
GameDaily (GD) was a video game journalism website based in the United States. It was launched in 1995 by entrepreneur Mark Friedler under the name Gigex and focused on free game demo downloads. The site changed its business model from a flat fee per download CDN distributed service network to an advertising-based games content portal, content syndication and vertical ad network. The site also operated business news service GameDaily Biz. The network grew to the number one position in ComScore's Games/Gaming Information category in March 2005 and was acquired by AOL on August 16, 2006. The site offered articles on different video game topics, with many game rankings lists. In 2011, the GameDaily brand was retired. Its staff and content were merged with ''Joystiq ''Joystiq'' was a video gaming blog which was part of the Weblogs, Inc. family later owned by AOL. It was active from 2004 to 2015, acting as the primary video game blog for the group, and operating alongside ''Enga ...
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