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Counting Blocks
Base ten blocks, also known as Dienes blocks after popularizer Zoltán Dienes (), are a mathematical manipulative used by students to practice counting and elementary arithmetic and develop number sense in the context of the decimal place value, place-value system as a more concrete and direct representation than written Hindu–Arabic numeral system, Hindu–Arabic numerals. The three-dimensional blocks are made of a solid material such as plastic or wood and generally come in four sizes, each representing a power of ten used as a place in the decimal system: ''units'' (ones place), ''longs'' (tens place), ''flats'' (hundreds place) and ''blocks'' (thousands place). There are also computer programs available that simulate base ten blocks. Base ten blocks were first described by Catherine Stern in 1949, though Maria Montessori had earlier introduced a similar manipulative, the "golden beads", which were assembled into the same shapes as base ten blocks. Dienes popularized the idea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dienes Material (Dyskalkulie)
Dienes may refer to: * Dienes (surname), including a list of people with the name * the plural of diene, a class of organic chemical compound * Base ten blocks used in mathematics education, also known as Dienes blocks or simply ''dienes'' {{Disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Montessori
Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori ( ; ; 31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952) was an Italians, Italian physician and educator best known for her philosophy of education (the Montessori method) and her writing on scientific pedagogy. At an early age, Montessori enrolled in classes at an all-boys technical school, with hopes of becoming an engineer. She soon had a change of heart and began medical school at the Sapienza University of Rome, becoming one of the first women to attend medical school in Italy; she graduated with honors in 1896. Her educational method is in use today in many public and private schools globally. Life and career Birth and family Montessori was born on 31 August 1870 in Chiaravalle, Marche, Chiaravalle, Italy. Her father, Alessandro Montessori, age 33, was an official of the Ministry of Finance working in the local state-run tobacco factory. Her mother, Renilde Stoppani, 25 years old, was well-educated for the times and was the niece of Italian geologist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Number Sense
In psychology, number sense is the term used for the hypothesis that some animals, particularly humans, have a biologically determined ability that allows them to represent and manipulate large numerical quantities. The term was popularized by Stanislas Dehaene in his 1997 book "The Number Sense," but originally named by the mathematician Tobias Dantzig in his 1930 text Number: The Language of Science. Psychologists believe that the number sense in humans can be differentiated into the approximate number system, a system that supports the estimation of the magnitude, and the parallel individuation system, which allows the tracking of individual objects, typically for quantities below 4. There are also some differences in how number sense is defined in math cognition. For example, Gersten and Chard say number sense "refers to a child's fluidity and flexibility with numbers, the sense of what numbers mean and an ability to perform mental mathematics and to look at the world ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuisenaire Rods
Cuisenaire rods are mathematics learning aids for pupils that provide an interactive, hands-on way to explore mathematics and learn mathematical concepts, such as the four basic arithmetical operations, working with fractions and finding divisors. In the early 1950s, Caleb Gattegno popularised this set of coloured number rods created by Georges Cuisenaire (1891–1975), a Belgian primary school teacher, who called the rods ''réglettes''. According to Gattegno, "Georges Cuisenaire showed in the early 1950s that pupils who had been taught traditionally, and were rated 'weak', took huge strides when they shifted to using the material. They became 'very good' at traditional arithmetic when they were allowed to manipulate the rods." History The educationalists Maria Montessori and Friedrich Fröbel had used rods to represent numbers, but it was Georges Cuisenaire who introduced the rods that were to be used across the world from the 1950s onwards. In 1952, he published ''Les nomb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multiplication
Multiplication is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic, with the other ones being addition, subtraction, and division (mathematics), division. The result of a multiplication operation is called a ''Product (mathematics), product''. Multiplication is often denoted by the cross symbol, , by the mid-line dot operator, , by juxtaposition, or, in programming languages, by an asterisk, . The multiplication of whole numbers may be thought of as repeated addition; that is, the multiplication of two numbers is equivalent to adding as many copies of one of them, the ''multiplicand'', as the quantity of the other one, the ''multiplier''; both numbers can be referred to as ''factors''. This is to be distinguished from term (arithmetic), ''terms'', which are added. :a\times b = \underbrace_ . Whether the first factor is the multiplier or the multiplicand may be ambiguous or depend upon context. For example, the expression 3 \times 4 , can be phrased as "3 ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elementary Mathematics
Elementary mathematics, also known as primary or secondary school mathematics, is the study of mathematics topics that are commonly taught at the primary or secondary school levels around the world. It includes a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills, including number sense, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis. These concepts and skills form the foundation for more advanced mathematical study and are essential for success in many fields and everyday life. The study of elementary mathematics is a crucial part of a student's education and lays the foundation for future academic and career success. Strands of elementary mathematics Number sense and numeration Number sense is an understanding of numbers and operations. In the 'Number Sense and Numeration' strand students develop an understanding of numbers by being taught various ways of representing numbers, as well as the relationships among numbers. Properties of the natural numbers such as divisibil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZR1000 (Dienes-Material)
ZR1, (or ZR-1), is a designation that has been used on several different generational models of the Chevrolet Corvette. #For the 3rd generation (C3), the ZR1 & ZR2 were special engine packages. Only 53 of these packages were optioned during the 1970 to 1972 model years. #For the 4th generation (C4), the ZR1 was the top-tier package that was available from 1990 to 1995, with a special engine designed in partnership with Lotus, after General Motors acquired Group Lotus, and with the objective of creating the world's fastest production car. Other upgrades included steering, braking, specially designed Goodyear tires, and changes to body fascia. # For the 6th generation (C6), the ZR1 was a top-tier model package, the centerpiece of which was a new supercharged engine, with the supercharger visible through a window in the hood. There were numerous other upgrades to virtually every aspect of the car. # For the 7th generation (C7), the ZR1 was again the top-tier variant available, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ternary Numeral System
A ternary numeral system (also called base 3 or trinary) has 3 (number), three as its radix, base. Analogous to a bit, a ternary numerical digit, digit is a trit (trinary digit). One trit is equivalent to binary logarithm, log2 3 (about 1.58496) bits of Units of information, information. Although ''ternary'' most often refers to a system in which the three digits are all non–negative numbers; specifically , , and , the adjective also lends its name to the balanced ternary system; comprising the digits −1, 0 and +1, used in comparison logic and ternary computers. Comparison to other bases Representations of integer numbers in ternary do not get uncomfortably lengthy as quickly as in binary numeral system, binary. For example, decimal 365 (number), 365 or senary corresponds to binary (nine bits) and to ternary (six digits). However, they are still far less compact than the corresponding representations in bases such as decimal – see below for a compact way to codi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binary Number
A binary number is a number expressed in the Radix, base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, a method for representing numbers that uses only two symbols for the natural numbers: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). A ''binary number'' may also refer to a rational number that has a finite representation in the binary numeral system, that is, the quotient of an integer by a power of two. The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit. Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used by almost all modern computer, computers and computer-based devices, as a preferred system of use, over various other human techniques of communication, because of the simplicity of the language and the noise immunity in physical implementation. History The modern binary number system was studied in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries by Thoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Base (group Theory)
Let G be a finite permutation group acting on a set \Omega. A sequence :B = beta_1,\beta_2,...,\beta_k/math> of ''k ''distinct elements of \Omega is a base for G if the only element of G which fixes every \beta_i \in B pointwise is the identity element of G. Bases and strong generating sets are concepts of importance in computational group theory. A base and a strong generating set (together often called a BSGS) for a group can be obtained using the Schreier–Sims algorithm.. Not every group has a base. In particular, if a group action is not faithful, then no base exists. This is because by the definition of an unfaithful action, there are multiple elements of G that fix every element in B pointwise. It is often beneficial to deal with bases and strong generating sets as these may be easier to work with than the entire group. A group may have a small base compared to the set it acts on. In the "best case", a base can have size 1, as in the case of the additive group of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine Stern
Catherine Brieger Stern (1894–1973) was a German psychologist and educator. Born under the name Käthe Brieger, she developed sets of mathematical manipulatives similar to Cuisenaire rods for children to use in building up their number sense and knowledge of arithmetic. Her book, ''Children Discover Arithmetic'' (1949) was used by others to work on the problems that children face when learning arithmetic. In 1938, she emigrated to the United States. From 1940 to 1943, she was a research assistant to Max Wertheimer at the New School for Social Research. Publications * ''Children Discover Arithmetic'', Catherine Stern, Harper & Row, 1949. * ''Experimenting with Numbers'', Catherine Stern, Margaret Stern and Toni S. Gould. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1950 * ''Structural Arithmetic I, II, III, Teachers Guide and Workbooks'', with M. Stern and T. Gould. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1952 * ''Structural Reading Program, Teachers Guides and Workbooks, A through E'', with M. Stern and T. Gould, Rando ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
