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Constitution Of Equatorial Guinea
The Constitution of Equatorial Guinea () is the basic document of that country. It was approved in 1991 and amended in 1995. In 2011, a referendum was held on a series of constitutional amendment A constitutional amendment (or constitutional alteration) is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity. Amendments are often interwoven into the relevant sections of an existing constitution, directly alt ...s.Tristan McConnelSlippery constitutional changes in Equatorial Guinea Global Post Historical constitutions * 1968 Equatorial Guinea constitution * 1973 Equatorial Guinea constitution * 1982 Equatorial Guinea constitution References External Links * Government of Equatorial Guinea Law of Equatorial Guinea 1991 documents {{constitution-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Constituição
A, or a, is the first letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is '' a'' (pronounced ), plural ''aes''. It is similar in shape to the Ancient Greek letter alpha, from which it derives. The uppercase version consists of the two slanting sides of a triangle, crossed in the middle by a horizontal bar. The lowercase version is often written in one of two forms: the double-storey and single-storey . The latter is commonly used in handwriting and fonts based on it, especially fonts intended to be read by children, and is also found in italic type. In English, '' a'' is the indefinite article, with the alternative form ''an''. Name In English, the name of the letter is the ''long A'' sound, pronounced . Its name in most other languages matches the letter's pronunciation in open syllables. History The earliest known ancestor of A is ''aleph''—the first letter of the Phoenician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2011 Equatorial Guinean Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Equatorial Guinea on 13 November 2011. It allowed the incumbent President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (ruling since 1979) to run for at least two more seven-year terms as well as establish the post of Vice-President, widely expected to be given to his son Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue in preparation of dynastic succession. Background The constitutional changes included imposing term limits on the presidency, allowing two seven-year terms. They also abolished age restrictions, allowing the then 69-year old President Obiang to run when he turned 75. The changes were hailed by the government as a democratic advance, with the addition of term limits highlighted by state media. They would also allow the president to create the post of Vice President, suspected to be given to Obiang's son, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, then under investigation in the United States and France for money laundering. Conduct Many denounced the referendum as fake, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Amendment
A constitutional amendment (or constitutional alteration) is a modification of the constitution of a polity, organization or other type of entity. Amendments are often interwoven into the relevant sections of an existing constitution, directly altering the text. Conversely, they can be appended to the constitution as supplemental additions ( codicils), thus changing the frame of government without altering the existing text of the document. Most constitutions require that amendments cannot be enacted unless they have passed a special procedure that is more stringent than that required of ordinary legislation. Examples of such special procedures include supermajorities in the legislature, or direct approval by the electorate in a referendum, or even a combination of two or more different special procedures. A referendum to amend the constitution may also be triggered in some jurisdictions by popular initiative. Australia and Ireland provide examples of constitutions requiring t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Post
GlobalPost Media Corporation is an American digital journalism company and former news website that focuses on international news. Founded on January 12, 2009 by Philip S. Balboni and Charles M. Sennott, its stated mission is "to redefine international news for the digital age." ''GlobalPost'' now has 64 correspondents worldwide following the kidnapping and beheading of James Foley, an event which has raised questions about GlobalPost's role in sending unsupported personnel into conflict zones. In 2015, GlobalPost was acquired by WGBH. The company was reacquired by Balboni in the fall of 2022 and reorganized into GlobalPost Media Corporation. History In 2009 GlobalPost announced syndication agreements with PBS and CBS. As part of the PBS partnership, GlobalPost correspondents began producing video segments for airing on '' The PBS NewsHour''. Additional arrangements with media outlets including the ''New York Daily News'', The World Weekly, ''Times of India'', and ''Newar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1968 Equatorial Guinea Constitution
The Constitution of Equatorial Guinea of 1968, was promulgated with a view to the independence of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea on October 12, 1968. It is the first Constitution promulgated in Equatorial Guinea, in addition to being a text that enshrines liberal democracy, popular sovereignty, freedom of religion and the right of self-determination, when in Spain it is still the regime of Francisco Franco was in force. According to the text, Equatorial Guinea was configured as a sovereign, indivisible, democratic and social Republic, with a presidential system, the president being elected by direct and secret universal suffrage for a five-year term. Likewise, the Constitution ensured the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, based the political structure on the vote of all citizens and determined the separation of functions between the legislative, executive and judicial bodies. History In December 1966 the Spanish Council of Ministers agreed to prepare the Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 Equatorial Guinea Constitution
The 1973 Constitution of Equatorial Guinea was the country's second constitution. It was submitted, without the participation of international observers, to a popular referendum on July 29, 1973, obtaining 99% of votes in favor. and subsequently published in the Official Gazette in August of the same year, under the government of Francisco Macías. Background At the request of President Macías, an expert advisor in constitutional law sent by the Cuban government participated in its elaboration, and was integrated into the Equatoguinean Commission in charge of drafting the constitutional text. Although Antonio García-Trevijano is attributed a prominent role in the drafting of the text, in 1979 the former Minister of the Interior, Angel Másié Ntutumu, denied such intervention. The Constitution was drafted during a congress of the United National Workers' Party (PUNT). Content The new constitution granted absolute powers to the president, and annulled the provincial administr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 Equatorial Guinea Constitution
The 1982 Constitution of Equatorial Guinea was the country's third constitution. Following the 1979 military coup that removed Francisco Macías Nguema from the presidency, a popular referendum obtained 95.8% of votes in favor of the new Constitution in August 1982. The Constitution, which the United Nations helped draft, added provisions for human rights, outlined a new free-market economy for the country, and nominally restored national elections. President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, the leader of the 1979 coup and nephew of Macías, was effectively and officially established as president with the constitutional referendum, which bestowed upon him his first seven-year term in that role, despite leading the country since the coup. Despite the appearance of democracy and respect for human rights in the Constitution, it also granted the president unilateral powers over such things as cabinet positions and the right to rule by decree, all of which has led to Obiang becoming th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Equatorial Guinea
The politics of Equatorial Guinea take place under an authoritarian regime where power has been centralized under President Teodoro Obiang Nguema since he seized power in a 1979 coup against his uncle, Francisco Macías Nguema. The regime party, Partido democrático de guinea ecuatorial, is the dominant party in Equatorial Guinea politics. The structure of Nguema's regime has varied over time. Initially, it was a military dictatorship before transforming into a single-party state before most recently becoming competitive authoritarian. Elections take place in Equatorial Guinea but they are neither free nor fair. The political opposition is either repressed or co-opted by the Nguema regime. Corruption is widespread in Equatorial Guinea where members of the Nguema regime enrich themself on Equatorial Guinea's substantial oil wealth. Nominally, the politics Equatorial Guinea takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President is both the head of state a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Law Of Equatorial Guinea
Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a science and as the art of justice. State-enforced laws can be made by a legislature, resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and regulations; or by judges' decisions, which form precedent in common law jurisdictions. An autocrat may exercise those functions within their realm. The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and also serves as a mediator of relations between people. Legal systems vary between jurisdictions, with their differences analysed in comparative law. In civil law jurisdictions, a legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates the law. In common law systems, judges ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutions Of Equatorial Guinea
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organization or other type of entity, and commonly determines how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental acts of a legislature, court cases, and treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign countries to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty that establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution define ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
