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Conceptual Photography
Conceptual photography is a type of photography that illustrates an idea. There have been illustrative photographs made since the medium's invention, for example in the earliest staged photographs, such as Hippolyte Bayard's ''Self Portrait as a Drowned Man'' (1840). However, the term ''conceptual photography'' derives from conceptual art, a movement of the late 1960s. Today the term is used to describe either a methodology or a genre. Conceptual photography as a methodology As a methodology conceptual photography is a type of photography that is staged to represent an idea. The 'concept' is both preconceived and, if successful, understandable in the completed image. It is most often seen in advertising and illustration where the picture may reiterate a headline or catchphrase that accompanies it. Photographic advertising and illustration commonly derive from stock photography, which is often produced in response to current trends in image usage as determined by the research ...
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Hippolyte Bayard - Drownedman 1840
In Greek mythology, Hippolyta, or Hippolyte (; ''Hippolytē''), was a daughter of Ares and Otrera,Hyginus, ''Fabulae'', 30 queen of the Amazons, and a sister of Antiope and Melanippe. She wore her father Ares' ''zoster'', the Greek word found in the Iliad and elsewhere meaning "war belt". Some English translations prefer "girdle". Hippolyta figures prominently in the myths of both Heracles and Theseus. The myths about her are so varied it is thought that they may be about different women. The name ''Hippolyta'' translates as "she who unleashes the horses", deriving from two Greek roots meaning "horse" and "let loose". Legends Ninth Labor of Heracles In the myth of Heracles, Hippolyta's belt (, ''zōstḗr Hippolytēs'') was the object of his ninth labour. He was sent to retrieve it for Admete, the daughter of King Eurystheus. Most versions of the myth indicate that Hippolyta was so impressed with Heracles that she gave him the belt without argument (In some versions sh ...
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John Hilliard (artist)
John Hilliard, (born 1945) is an English conceptual artist. Hilliard's ongoing body of work addresses the specificity of photography as a medium: its uncertainty as a representational device and its status within the visual arts, especially in relation to painting, cinema and commercial photography. Education Born in Lancaster, Hilliard studied at Lancaster College of Art from 1962 to 1964, and then at Saint Martin's School of Art, London, until 1967. He began his interest in photography as an art student in the 1960s, first using the camera simply to capture images of his site-specific art installations. Soon, he recognised there was bias inherent in photography—the camera could not be completely neutral—and he explored the manipulation of the photographic process and its results. Art In the 1970s, Hilliard examined how changes to the process of black and white photography could affect the outcome. His art showed how the camera's notional objectivity was vulnerable to dec ...
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Deutsche Börse Photography Prize
Deutsch ( , ) or Deutsche ( , ) may refer to: * or : the German language or in particular Standard German, spoken in central European countries and other places *Old High German language refers to Deutsch as a way to define the primary characteristic of the people of the land with importance given to masculine strength - Dhaithya in Samskrutham (aka Sanskrit) meaning a physically very strong man, who is not concerned about his actions and their consequences that use his strength, as he is blinded by the temporary power he possesses at the moment. *: Germans, as a weak masculine, feminine, or plural demonym * ''Deutsch'' (word), originally referring to the Germanic vernaculars of the Early Middle Ages Businesses and organisations *André Deutsch, an imprint of Carlton Publishing Group * Deutsch Inc., a former American advertising agency that split in 2020 into: ** Deutsch NY, a New York City-based advertising agency * Deutsche Aerospace AG *Deutsche Akademie, a cultural organisa ...
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Photojournalism
Photojournalism is journalism that uses images to tell a news story. It usually only refers to still images, but can also refer to video used in broadcast journalism. Photojournalism is distinguished from other close branches of photography (such as documentary photography, social documentary photography, war photography, street photography and celebrity photography) by having a rigid ethical framework which demands an honest and impartial approach that tells a story in strictly journalistic terms. Photojournalists contribute to the news media, and help communities connect with one other. They must be well-informed and knowledgeable, and are able to deliver news in a creative manner that is both informative and entertaining. Similar to a writer, a photojournalist is a journalist, reporter, but they must often make decisions instantly and carry camera, photographic equipment, often while exposed to significant obstacles, among them immediate physical danger, bad weather, large crow ...
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Documentary Photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people. History The term ''document'' applied to photography antedates the mode or genre itself. Photographs meant to accurately describe otherwise unknown, hidden, forbidden, or difficult-to-access places or circumstances date to the earliest daguerreotype and calotype "surveys" of the ruins of the Near East, Egypt, and the American wilderness areas. Nineteenth-century archaeologist John Beasly Greene, for example, traveled to Nubia in the early 1850s to photograph the major ruins of the region. One early documentati ...
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Fine-art Photography
Fine-art photography is photography created in line with the vision of the photographer as artist, using photography as a medium for creative expression. The goal of fine-art photography is to express an idea, a message, or an emotion. This stands in contrast to representational photography, such as photojournalism, which provides a Documentary photography, documentary visual account of specific subjects and events, literally representing objective reality rather than the subjective intent of the photographer; and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services. History Invention through 1940s One photography historian claimed that "the earliest exponent of 'Fine Art' or composition photography was John Jabez Edwin Mayall, John Edwin Mayall", who exhibited daguerreotypes illustrating the Lord's Prayer in 1851. Successful attempts to make fine art photography can be traced to Victorian era practitioners such as Julia Margaret Cameron, Ch ...
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Thomas Demand
Thomas Cyrill Demand (born 1964) is a German sculptor and photographer. He currently lives and works in Berlin and Los Angeles, and teaches at the University of Fine Arts, Hamburg. He makes photographs of three-dimensional models that look like real images of rooms and other spaces,Thomas Demand, 6 June - 20 August 2006
Serpentine Gallery.
often sites loaded with social and political meanings.Thomas Demand: The Dailies, April 14 – May 19, 2012, Sprüth Magers London. Demand thus describes himself not as a photographer, but as a conceptual artist for whom photography is an intrinsic part of his creative process.Lucy Davies (March 15, 2011)

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Thomas Ruff
Thomas Ruff (born 10 February 1958) is a German photographer who lives and works in Düsseldorf, Germany. He has been described as "a master of edited and reimagined images". Ruff shares a studio on Düsseldorf's Hansaallee, with fellow German photographers Laurenz Berges, Andreas Gursky and Axel Hütte. The studio, a former municipal electricity station, includes a basement gallery. Early life and education One of six children, Thomas Ruff was born in 1958 in Zell am Harmersbach in the Black Forest, Germany. In his youth, he was fascinated with Aldous Huxley's theories which inspired his photographs. In the summer of 1974, Ruff acquired his first camera. After attending an evening class in basic photography techniques, he started experimenting, taking shots similar to those he had seen in many amateur photography magazines. During his studies in Düsseldorf and inspired by the lectures of Benjamin HD Buchloh, Ruff developed his method of conceptual serial photography. Ruff ...
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Cindy Sherman
Cynthia Morris Sherman (born January 19, 1954) is an American artist whose work consists primarily of photographic self-portraits, depicting herself in many different contexts and as various imagined characters. Her breakthrough work is often considered to be the collection ''Untitled Film Stills'', a series of 70 black-and-white photographs of herself evoking typical female roles in performance art, performance media (especially arthouse films and popular B-movies). Early life and education Sherman was born in 1954, in Glen Ridge, New Jersey, the youngest of the five children of Dorothy and Charles Sherman. Shortly after her birth, her family moved to the township of Huntington, New York, Huntington, Long Island. Her father worked as an engineer for Grumman, Grumman Aircraft. Her mother taught reading to children with learning difficulties.Simon Hattenstone (January 15, 2011)Sherman: Me, myself and I''The Guardian''. Sherman has described her mother as good to a fault, and her f ...
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Payam-e-Azadi
''Payam-e-Azadi'' (Message of Freedom), was an Urdu and Hindi language daily newspaper published by Azimullah Khan and edited by Mirza Bedar Bakht, grandson of the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. It first started publishing in February 1857 from Delhi and later appeared in Jhansi. It is believed the newspaper played a significant role during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the first revolt of independence against the rule of the British East India Company. Khan brought a printing press to India in 1854 when he went to London following the independence cause. History The newspaper was established in February 1857 by Azimullah Khan. Its first Marathi language edition appeared in September 1857 from Jhansi. It was later banned by the government for its involvement in sedition, independence movement and writing on government policies, involving rebellion groups and articles. The copies of the publications are only available in the British Library The British Library i ...
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John Baldessari
John Anthony Baldessari (June 17, 1931 – January 2, 2020) was an American conceptual artist known for his work featuring found photography and appropriated images. He lived and worked in Santa Monica and Venice, California. Initially a painter, Baldessari began to incorporate texts and photography into his canvases in the mid-1960s. In 1970, he began working in printmaking, film, video, installation, sculpture and photography.John Baldessari
MoMA Collection.
He created thousands of works which demonstrate—and, in many cases, combine—the narrative potential of s and the associative power of

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Edward Ruscha
Edward Joseph Ruscha IV (, ''roo-SHAY''; born December 16, 1937) is an American artist associated with the anti- pop art movement. He has worked in the media of painting, printmaking, drawing, photography, and film. He is also noted for creating several artist's books. Ruscha lives and works in Culver City, California. Early life and education Ruscha was born into a Roman Catholic family in Omaha, Nebraska, with an older sister, Shelby, and a younger brother, Paul. Edward Ruscha, Sr. was an auditor for Hartford Insurance Company. Ruscha's mother was supportive of her son's early signs of artistic skill and interests. Young Ruscha was attracted to cartooning and would sustain this interest throughout his adolescent years. Though born in Nebraska, Ruscha lived some 15 years in Oklahoma City before moving to Los Angeles in 1956 where he studied at the Chouinard Art Institute (now known as the California Institute of the Arts) under Robert Irwin and Emerson Woelffer from 1956 throu ...
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