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Compilation And Translation Bureau
The Central Compilation and Translation Bureau () is an organ under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party established in 1953. Its primary responsibility, according to official sources, is to "research key Marxist works" and translate foreign language Marxist writings. Under the plan on deepening reform of Party and State Institutions, the Compilation and Translation Bureau was abolished, and the functions were merged to the Institution for Party History and Literature Research in March 2018. Work The main duties of the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau is to compile, translate, and research classical Marxist works. They research the theory of Marxism and its development in the contemporary era and its history with focus on Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin. It has also translated the works of Chinese Leaders into different languages. After founding the Party, intellectuals and Communist Party members made it very important to translate Marxist works so they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Committee Of The Chinese Communist Party
The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, officially the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is a political body that comprises the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It is currently composed of 205 full members and 171 alternate members (see list). Members are nominally elected once every five years by the National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. In practice, the selection process is done privately, usually through consultation of the CCP's Politburo and its corresponding Standing Committee. The Central Committee is, formally, the "party's highest organ of authority" when the National Congress is not in a plenary session. According to the CCP's constitution, the Central Committee is vested with the power to elect the General Secretary and the members of the Politburo and its Standing Committee, as well as the Central Military Commission. It endorses the composition of the Secretariat and the Central Commission for Disc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Think Tank
A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmental organizations, but some are semi-autonomous agencies within government or are associated with particular political parties, businesses or the military. Think-tank funding often includes a combination of donations from very wealthy people and those not so wealthy, with many also accepting government grants. Think tanks publish articles and studies, and even draft legislation on particular matters of policy or society. This information is then used by governments, businesses, media organizations, social movements or other interest groups. Think tanks range from those associated with highly academic or scholarly activities to those that are overtly ideological and pushing for particular policies, with a wide range among them in terms of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (''German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung e.V.; Abbreviation: FES'') is a German political party foundation associated with, but independent from, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality. History The FES was named after Friedrich Ebert (1871–1925), the Social Democratic President of Germany, 1919–1925. In his will, he specified that the proceeds from donations at his funeral should be used to create a foundation. The SPD chairman at the time, , was given the responsibility of building this foundation, which he did a fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Foundation
The Ford Foundation is an American private foundation with the stated goal of advancing human welfare. Created in 1936 by Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford, it was originally funded by a US$25,000 gift from Edsel Ford. By 1947, after the death of the two founders, the foundation owned 90% of the non-voting shares of the Ford Motor Company. (The Ford family retained the voting shares.) Between 1955 and 1974, the foundation sold its Ford Motor Company holdings and now plays no role in the automobile company. Ahead of the foundation selling its Ford Motor Company holdings, in 1949, Henry Ford II created the , a separate corporate foundation that to this day serves as the philanthropic arm of the Ford Motor Company and is not associated with the foundation. The Ford Foundation makes grants through its headquarters and ten international field offices. For many years, the foundation's financial endowment was the largest private endowment in the world; it remains among the wealth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the economic, political and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can be state/public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. While no single definition encapsulates the many types of socialism, social ownership is the one common element. Different types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, on the structure of management in organizations, and from below or from above approaches, with some socialists favouring a party, state, or technocratic-driven approach. Socialists disagree on whether government, particularly existing government, is the correct vehicle for change. Socialist systems are divided into non-market and mark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical materialism and historical materialism, though these terms were coined after Marx's death and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confidence Doctrine
The Confidence Doctrine () is a signature political philosophy of Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It calls for CCP members, government officials, and the Chinese people to be "confident in our chosen path (), confident in our guiding theories (), confident in our political system (), and confident in our culture ()." Officially, the doctrine is termed Four matters of confidence (). History The doctrine was first discussed at the 18th Party Congress held in November 2012 in a speech by then party General Secretary Hu Jintao, and the doctrine was termed the Three Confidences (). The origin of the theory is said to be Yi Junqing, an official later disgraced for corruption who served as the head of the Compilation and Translation Bureau. Xi Jinping added a 'fourth' confidence, "confidence in our culture," in December 2014. Along with the Four Comprehensives and the Chinese Dream, it has, since 2013, become a central theme in political slogans of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jia Gaojian
Jia Gaojian (; born May 1959) is the current director of the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau, an organ under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, a position in which he has served since January 2013. Jia is the superintendent of the Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party and a professor and doctoral advisor at the same institution. He is also the vice president of the China Historical Materialism Society. Gao's primary research areas include Marxist philosophy and social philosophy Social philosophy examines questions about the foundations of social institutions, social behavior, and interpretations of society in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Jia, Gaojian 1959 births Living people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Junqing
Yi Junqing (; born January 1958) is a former Chinese politician. Born in Liaoning province, Yi served as the propaganda chief of the Heilongjiang party organization between 2007 and 2010. In 2010 he was transferred to Beijing to head the Compilation and Translation Bureau of the Central Committee. In January 2013, he was investigated by the party's anti-corruption body. He was dismissed from his positions. Biography Yi was born in Donggang, Liaoning in January 1958. He became involved in politics in July 1976 and he joined the Chinese Communist Party in February 1978. Yi Junqing received his doctor of philosophy degree from the University of Belgrade in the former Yugoslavia. In March 2007, Yi Junqing was appointed as the Director of the Propaganda Department of the Heilongjiang party organization, a position he held until February 2010. A month later, he was elected as a member of the Heilongjiang Provincial Party Standing Committee, joining the elite political ranks of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wei Jianhua
Wei Jianhua (; born March 23, 1979) is a retired female javelin thrower from PR China. Her personal best throw is 63.92 metres, achieved in August 2000 in Beijing. This stood as the Asian record for the event until April 2012 when fellow Chinese thrower Lü Huihui threw the spear 64.95 m. Throwing with the old javelin model she topped the podium at the 1997 Chinese Games with a throw of 66.64 m. She won the bronze medal at the 1998 World Junior Championships in Athletics and quickly rose to the top of the sport. She competed at 2000 Summer Olympics and the World Championships in Athletics in 1999 and 2001, finishing in the top ten each time. In 2001, she also won the East Asian Games title and a bronze medal at the 2001 Summer Universiade. She was born in Chengdu, Sichuan but competed for Shanxi Shanxi (; ; formerly romanised as Shansi) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the North China region. The capital and largest cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monograph
A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject. In library cataloging, ''monograph'' has a broader meaning—that of a nonserial publication complete in one volume (book) or a definite number of volumes. Thus it differs from a serial or periodical publication such as a magazine, academic journal, or newspaper. In this context only, books such as novels are considered monographs.__FORCETOC__ Academia The English term "monograph" is derived from modern Latin "monographia", which has its root in Greek. In the English word, "mono-" means "single" and "-graph" means "something written". Unlike a textbook, which surveys the state of knowledge in a field, the main purpose of a monograph is to present primary research and original scholarship ascertaining reliable credibility to the required recipient. This research is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institution For Party History And Literature Research
Institutions are humanly devised structures of rules and norms that shape and constrain individual behavior. All definitions of institutions generally entail that there is a level of persistence and continuity. Laws, rules, social conventions and norms are all examples of institutions. Institutions vary in their level of formality and informality. Institutions are a principal object of study in social sciences such as political science, anthropology, economics, and sociology (the latter described by Émile Durkheim as the "science of institutions, their genesis and their functioning"). Primary or meta-institutions are institutions such as the family or money that are broad enough to encompass sets of related institutions. Institutions are also a central concern for law, the formal mechanism for political rule-making and enforcement. Historians study and document the founding, growth, decay and development of institutions as part of political, economic and cultural hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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