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Compilation And Translation Bureau
The Central Compilation and Translation Bureau () was an organ under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party established in 1953. Its primary responsibility, according to official sources, is to "research key Marxist works" and translate foreign language Marxist writings. Under the plan on deepening reform of Party and State Institutions, the Compilation and Translation Bureau was abolished, and the functions were merged with the Institute of Party History and Literature in March 2018. Work The main duties of the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau were to compile, translate, and research classical Marxist works. They researched the theory of Marxism and its development in the contemporary era and its history with a focus on Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin. It has also translated the works of Chinese Leaders into different languages. After founding the Party, intellectuals and Communist Party members made it very important to translate Marxist works so they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Committee Of The Chinese Communist Party
The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, officially the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is the Central committee, highest organ when the National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, national congress is not in session and is tasked with carrying out congress resolutions, directing all party work, and representing the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) externally. It is currently composed of 205 full members and 171 alternate members (see 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, list). Members are nominally elected once every five years by the National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. In practice, the selection process is done privately, usually through consultation of the CCP's Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, Politburo and its corresponding Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, Standing Committee. The Central Committee is, formally, the "party's highest organ of authority" when the National C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Think Tank
A think tank, or public policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmental organizations, but some are semi-autonomous agencies within a government, and some are associated with particular political parties, businesses, or the military. Think tanks are often funded by individual donations, with many also accepting government grants. Think tanks publish articles and studies, and sometimes draft legislation on particular matters of policy or society. This information is then used by governments, businesses, media organizations, social movements, or other interest groups. Think tanks range from those associated with highly academic or scholarly activities to those that are overtly ideological and pushing for particular policies, with a wide range among them in terms of the quality of their research. Later gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (''German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung e.V.; Abbreviation: FES'') is a German political party foundation associated with, but independent from, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first president, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality. History The FES was named after Friedrich Ebert (1871–1925), the Social Democratic President of Germany, 1919–1925. In his will, he specified that the proceeds from donations at his funeral should be used to create a foundation. The SPD chairman at the time, , was given the responsibility of building this foundation, which he did a few days after Ebert's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ford Foundation
The Ford Foundation is an American private foundation with the stated goal of advancing human welfare. Created in 1936 by Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford, it was originally funded by a $25,000 (about $550,000 in 2023) gift from Edsel Ford. By 1947, after the death of the two founders, the foundation owned 90% of the Non-voting stock, non-voting shares of the Ford Motor Company. (The Ford family retained the voting shares.) Between 1955 and 1974, the foundation sold its Ford Motor Company holdings and now plays no role in the automobile company. In 1949, Henry Ford II created Ford_Motor_Company#Ford_Philanthropy, Ford Philanthropy, a separate corporate foundation that to this day serves as the philanthropic arm of the Ford Motor Company and is not associated with the foundation. For many years, the foundation's financial endowment was the largest private endowment in the world; it remains among the List of wealthiest foundations, wealthiest. For fiscal year 2023, it reporte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes the Economic ideology, economic, Political philosophy, political, and Social theory, social theories and Political movement, movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can take various forms, including State ownership, public, Community ownership, community, Collective ownership, collective, cooperative, or Employee stock ownership, employee.: "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflict, and social transformation. Marxism originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, and as a result, there is no single, definitive " Marxist theory". Marxism has had a profound effect in shaping the modern world, with various left-wing and far-left political movements taking inspiration from it in varying local contexts. In addition to the various schools of thought, which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, several Marxian concepts have been incorporated into an array of social theories. This has led to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confidence Doctrine
The Four Confidences () is a political concept by Chinese Communist Party (CCP) general secretary Xi Jinping. The concept includes "Confidence in Path, Confidence in Theories, Confidence in System, and Confidence in Culture." In 2021, the concept was expanded to include the idea of Historical Confidence. History The doctrine was first discussed at the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party held in November 2012 in a speech by then party General Secretary Hu Jintao, and the doctrine was termed the Three Confidences (). The origin of the theory is said to be Yi Junqing, an official later disgraced for corruption who served as the head of the Compilation and Translation Bureau. Xi Jinping added a 'fourth' confidence, "confidence in our culture," in December 2014. Along with the Four Comprehensives and the Chinese Dream, it has, since 2013, become a central theme in political slogans of the CCP, often recited at official meetings, conferences, and by state-owned media ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jia Gaojian
Jia Gaojian (; born May 1959) is the current director of the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau, an organ under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, a position in which he has served since January 2013. Jia is the superintendent of the Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party and a professor and doctoral advisor at the same institution. He is also the vice president of the China Historical Materialism Society. Gao's primary research areas include Marxist philosophy and social philosophy Social philosophy is the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social contexts for political, legal, moral and cultur .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Jia, Gaojian 1959 births Living people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Junqing
Yi Junqing (; born January 1958) is a former Chinese politician. Born in Liaoning province, Yi served as the propaganda chief of the Heilongjiang party organization between 2007 and 2010. In 2010 he was transferred to Beijing to head the Compilation and Translation Bureau of the Central Committee. In January 2013, he was investigated by the party's anti-corruption body and subsequently dismissed from his positions. Biography Yi was born in Donggang, Liaoning in January 1958. He became involved in politics in July 1976 and he joined the Chinese Communist Party in February 1978. Yi Junqing received his doctor of philosophy degree from the University of Belgrade in the former Yugoslavia. In March 2007, Yi Junqing was appointed as the Director of the Propaganda Department of the Heilongjiang party organization, a position he held until February 2010. A month later, he was elected as a member of the Heilongjiang Provincial Party Standing Committee, joining the elite political rank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wei Jianhua
Wei Jianhua (; born March 23, 1979) is a retired female javelin thrower from PR China. Her personal best throw is 63.92 metres, achieved in August 2000 in Beijing. This stood as the Asian record for the event until April 2012 when fellow Chinese thrower Lü Huihui threw the spear 64.95 m. Throwing with the old javelin model she topped the podium at the 1997 Chinese Games with a throw of 66.64 m. She won the bronze medal at the 1998 World Junior Championships in Athletics and quickly rose to the top of the sport. She competed at 2000 Summer Olympics and the World Championships in Athletics in 1999 and 2001, finishing in the top ten each time. In 2001, she also won the East Asian Games title and a bronze medal at the 2001 Summer Universiade. She was born in Chengdu, Sichuan but competed for Shanxi Shanxi; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanised as Shansi is a Provinces of China, province in North China. Its capital and largest city of the province is Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monograph
A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, typically created by a single author or artist (or, sometimes, by two or more authors). Traditionally it is in written form and published as a book, but it may be an artwork, audiovisual work, or exhibition made up of visual artworks. In library cataloguing, the word has a specific and broader meaning, while in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration uses the term to mean a set of published standards. Written works Academic works The English term ''monograph'' is derived from modern Latin , which has its root in Greek. In the English word, ''mono-'' means and ''-graph'' means . Unlike a textbook, which surveys the state of knowledge in a field, the main purpose of a monograph is to present primary research and original scholarship. This research is presented at length, distinguishing a monograph from an article. For these reasons, publication of a monograph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute Of Party History And Literature
The Institute of Party History and Literature of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (), also known as the Central Institute of Party History and Literature, is a school directly under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It is mainly responsible for studying the basic theory of Marxism, the sinicization of Marxism and its main representatives, studying Xi Jinping Thought, studying the history of the CCP, editing and compiling important documents of Marxist classical writers and works of major leaders, and collecting and sorting out important documents of the party history. The institute was established in 2018 from the merger of three prior bodies. History In March 2018, the responsibilities of the , , and the Compilation and Translation Bureau were integrated to form the Institute of Party History and Literature of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions. It w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
