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Coccolepididae
Coccolepididae is an extinct family of ray-finned fish, known from the Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, most of which were originally referred to the type genus '' Coccolepis.'' They had a widespread distribution, being found in North and South America, Australia, Asia and Europe. They are mostly known from freshwater environments, though several species have been found in marine environments. They are morphologically conservative, and have poorly ossified endo and exoskeletons, which usually results in poor preservation. Historically, they have been classified as members "Palaeonisciformes”, a paraphyletic grouping of non-neopterygian fish, due to their plesiomorphic conservative morphology closely resembling those of many other groups of earlier ray-finned fish. Some recent authors have suggested that they may belong to the order Chondrostei as relatives of the Acipenseriformes (which contains sturgeons and paddlefish). History and classification The type species, ''Cocco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coccolepis
''Coccolepis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish in the family Coccolepididae. Originally including most species within the family, it is now restricted to two species from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone of Germany. The holotype of ''C. bucklandi'', designated and described by Louis Agassiz, was thought to be lost but was later rediscovered in Neuchâtel. Taxonomy ''Coccolepis'' contains the following species, both from Germany: * †''C. bucklandi'' Agassiz, 1843 * †''C. solnhofensis'' López-Arbarello & Ebert, 2021 Some species originally referred to ''Coccolepis'' were later reallocated to other genera: *''Coccolepis groeberi'' Bordas, 1943 → '' Condorlepis groeberi'' (Bordas, 1943) *''Coccolepis andrewsi'' Woodward, 1891 → '' Morrolepis andrewsi'' (Woodward, 1891) *''Coccolepis aniscowitchi'' Gorizdor-Kulczycka, 1926 → '' Morrolepis aniscowitchi'' (Gorizdor-Kulczycka, 1926) *''Coccolepis macroptera'' Traquair, 1911 → '' Barbalepis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chondrostei
Chondrostei is a subclass of non- neopterygian ray-finned fish. While the term originally referred to the paraphyletic grouping of all non-neopterygian ray-finned fish, it was redefined by Patterson in 1982 to be a clade comprising the Acipenseriformes (which includes sturgeon and paddlefish) and their extinct relatives. Taxa commonly suggested to represent relatives of the Acipenseriformes include the Triassic marine fish '' Birgeria'' and the Saurichthyiformes, but their relationship with the Acipenseriformes has been strongly challenged on cladistic grounds. Coccolepididae, a group of small weakly ossified Jurassic and Cretaceous fish found in both marine and freshwater environments, have also been suggested to be close relatives of the Acipenseriformes. However, this has never been subject to cladistic analysis. Near & Thacker (2024) also recovered the ptycholepiform '' Boreosomus'' as a stem-acipenseriform. The following taxa are known: * Subclass Chondrostei ** Genus � ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plesiococcolepis
''Plesiococcolepis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. It belongs to the family Coccolepididae and is known from the Early Jurassic of Lingling-Hengyang, Hunan, China. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish This list of prehistoric bony fish is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all Genus, genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be bony fish (class Osteichthyes), excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includ ... References Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera Prehistoric chondrostei {{Palaeonisciformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeoniscoid
The Palaeonisciformes, commonly known as "palaeoniscoids" (also spelled "paleoniscoid", or alternatively "paleoniscids") are an extinct grouping of primitive ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), spanning from the Silurian/Devonian to the Cretaceous. They are generally considered paraphyletic, but their exact relationships to living ray-finned fish are uncertain. While some and perhaps most palaeoniscoids likely belong to the stem-group of Actinopteryii, it has been suggested that some may belong to the crown group, with some of these possibly related to Cladistia (containing bichirs) and/or Chondrostei (which contains sturgeons and paddlefish). Many palaeoniscoids share a conservative body shape and a similar arrangement of skull bones, though paleoniscoids as a whole exhibit considerable diversity in body shape. Historic background The systematics of fossil and extant fishes has puzzled ichthyologists since the time of Louis Agassiz, who first grouped all Palaeozoic ray-finned fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morrolepis
''Morrolepis'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric coccolepidid "palaeoniscoid" ray-finned fish that lived during the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous epochs in Europe, Asia and North America. The type species is ''Morrolepis schaefferi'' from the Morrison Formation (Colorado, Utah), measuring approximately in length. The other species were previously referred to the genus ''Coccolepis''. Including ''M. andrewsi'' ( Woodward, 1891) from the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Group, England and ''M. aniscowitchi'' (Gorizdor-Kulczycka, 1926) from the late Middle Jurassic-early Late Jurassic (Callovian/ Oxfordian) Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish * Paleobiota of the Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has a wide assortment of Taxon, taxa represented in its fossil record, including dinosaur f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sturgeon
Sturgeon (from Old English ultimately from Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European *''str̥(Hx)yón''-) is the common name for the 27 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the Late Cretaceous, and are descended from other, earlier Acipenseriformes, acipenseriform fish, which date back to the Early Jurassic period, some 174 to 201 million years ago. They are one of two living families of the Acipenseriformes alongside paddlefish (Polyodontidae). The family is grouped into five genera: ''Acipenser'', ''Huso'', ''Scaphirhynchus,'' ''Sinosturio'', and ''Pseudoscaphirhynchus''. Two species (''Adriatic sturgeon, H. naccarii'' and ''Dabry's sturgeon, S. dabryanus'') may be extinct in the wild, and one (''Syr Darya sturgeon, P. fedtschenkoi'') may be entirely extinct. Sturgeons are native to subtropical, temperate and sub-Arctic rivers, lakes and coastlines of Eurasia and North America. A Maastrichtian-age fossil found i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paddlefish
Paddlefish (family Polyodontidae) are a family of ray-finned fish belonging to order Acipenseriformes, and one of two living groups of the order alongside sturgeons (Acipenseridae). They are distinguished from other fish by their elongated rostra, which are thought to enhance electroreception to detect prey. Paddlefish have been referred to as " primitive fish" because the Acipenseriformes are among the earliest diverging lineages of ray-finned fish, having diverged from all other living groups over 300 million years ago. Both living and fossil paddlefish are found almost exclusively in North America and China. Eight species are known: Six of those species are extinct, and known only from fossils (five from North America, one from China), one of the extant species, the American paddlefish (''Polyodon spathula''), is native to the Mississippi River basin in the U.S. The other is the Chinese paddlefish (''Psephurus gladius''), which was declared extinct in 2022 following a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Agassiz
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history. Spending his early life in Switzerland, he received a PhD at Erlangen and a medical degree in Munich. After studying with Georges Cuvier and Alexander von Humboldt in Paris, Agassiz was appointed professor of natural history at the University of Neuchâtel. He emigrated to the United States in 1847 after visiting Harvard University. He went on to become professor of zoology and geology at Harvard, to head its Lawrence Scientific School, and to found its Museum of Comparative Zoology. Agassiz is known for observational data gathering and analysis. He made institutional and scientific contributions to zoology, geology, and related areas, including multivolume research books running to thousands of pages. He is particularly known for his contributions to ichthyological classification, incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (geology), Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic series (stratigraphy), Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma. Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias Group, Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic. Origin of the name Lias There are two possible origins for the name Lias: the first reason is it was taken by a geologist from an England, English quarryman's dialect pronunciation of the word "layers"; secondly, sloops from north Cornwall, Cornish ports such as Bude would sail across the Bristol Channel to the Vale of Glamorgan to load up with rock from coastal limestone quarries (lias and Carbonif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triassic
The Triassic ( ; sometimes symbolized 🝈) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era and the seventh period of the Phanerozoic Eon. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic Period is subdivided into three epochs: Early Triassic, Middle Triassic and Late Triassic. The Triassic began in the wake of the Permian–Triassic extinction event, which left the Earth's biosphere impoverished; it was well into the middle of the Triassic before life recovered its former diversity. Three categories of organisms can be distinguished in the Triassic record: survivors from the extinction event, new groups that flourished briefly, and other new groups that went on to dominate the Mesozoic Era. Reptiles, especially archosaurs, were the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
