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Châteauneuf Enclosure
The Châteauneuf enclosure, also known as the "Martinopole enclosure," is a fortification wall that surrounded the settlement of Châteauneuf-de-Saint-Martin, now integrated into the modern city of Tours, located in the Indre-et-Loire Departments of France, department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. The enclosure was likely constructed in the early 10th century to provide physical protection for the Basilica of Saint Martin, Tours, Basilica of Saint Martin and to assert the political presence of the settlement that developed around the sanctuary, in opposition to the nearby Roman Gaul, Gallo-Roman city. Surrounded by a defensive ditch and equipped with gates and towers, the enclosure became obsolete with the construction of a newer wall encompassing a larger area. It was gradually dismantled, with its materials repurposed. The last significant above-ground remains were destroyed during World War II and postwar reconstruction. Two restored towers remain visible to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek ''Towns of ancient Greece#Military settlements, phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the ancient Roman, Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Julien Abbey, Tours
The Saint-Julien Abbey in Tours, France, is an ancient Benedictines, Benedictine abbey dating back to the 16th century. Today's buildings date from the 10th to the 16th century, and have all been classified or listed as historic monuments. Location The abbey grounds fell within a perimeter bounded by rue Colbert to the south, rue Voltaire to the east and the banks of the Loire to the north; on the west side, they extended beyond rue Nationale (formerly rue Royale). Foundation of the abbey In the early years of the twentieth century, Visigoths, Visigothic troops set out from Spain to conquer the provinces of Gaul, disorganized after the demise of the Roman Empire twenty-five years earlier. In the spring of 507, Clovis I won a decisive victory at Battle of Vouillé, Vouillé, northwest of Poitiers: the Visigoth king Alaric II was killed in battle, his army crushed and the Visigoths driven back beyond the Pyrenees. Clovis, who had been a Christian since his baptism in Rheims, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berengar Of Tours
Berengar of Tours (died 6 January 1088), in Latin Berengarius Turonensis, was an 11th-century French Christian theologian and archdeacon of Angers, a scholar whose leadership of the cathedral school at Chartres set an example of intellectual inquiry through the revived tools of dialectic that was soon followed at cathedral schools of Laon and Paris. Berengar of Tours was distinguished from mainline Catholic theology by two views: his assertion of the supremacy of Scripture and his denial of transubstantiation. Biography Berengar of Tours was born perhaps at Tours, probably in the early years of the 11th century. His education began in the school of Bishop Fulbert of Chartres, who represented the traditional theology of the early Middle Ages, but did not succeed in imparting it to his pupil. Berengar was less attracted by pure theology than by secular learning, and brought away a knowledge of Latin literature, dialectic, and general knowledge and freedom of thought. Later he pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marmoutier
:''See Marmoutier Abbey (Tours) for the former abbey in Tours.'' Marmoutier (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin département in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The origin of the place is the former Marmoutier Abbey, of which the abbey church still serves as the parish church. Geography Marmoutier is in the northwest of Alsace, located between Saverne and Wasselonne and approximately 30 kilometers away from Strasbourg. Population History In 590 St. Leonhard, a disciple of Columbanus, founded a benedictine monastery which later was named after the abbot Maurus who modified it in the 12th century imitating the style of Hirsau. The church dates from this time. Above all the cloister flourished during the 14th century. In 1792 it disintegrated during the French Revolution. Jacob Frey, a writer, lived in Marmoutier from 1545 as town chronicler and notary. Sights The church of Marmoutier Abbey from the 11th century holds a pipe organ by the organ builder Andre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert The Strong
Robert the Strong (; c. 830 – 866) was the father of two kings of West Francia: Odo (or Eudes) and Robert I of France. His family is named after him and called the Robertians. In 853, he was named '' missus dominicus'' by Charles the Bald, King of West Francia. Robert the Strong was the great-grandfather of Hugh Capet and thus the ancestor of all the Capetians. Origins and rise to power The parentage of Robert the Strong is obscure. While very little is known about the beginnings of the Robertian family, speculative proposals have been made. According to one proposal, Robert was a son of Robert III of Worms.Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 10 Far more speculatively, mainly based on the use of the name Robert, or similar names, it has been proposed for example that his family had its origins in the Hesbaye region in present-day easter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles The Simple
Charles III (17 September 879 – 7 October 929), called the Simple or the Straightforward (from the Latin ''Carolus Simplex''), was the king of West Francia from 898 until 922 and the king of Lotharingia from 911 until 919–923. He was a member of the Carolingian dynasty. Early life Charles was the third and posthumous son of King Louis the Stammerer by his second wife Adelaide of Paris. As a child, Charles was prevented from succeeding to the throne at the time of the death in 884 of his half-brother, king Carloman II. Instead, Frankish nobles of the realm asked his cousin, Emperor Charles the Fat, to assume the crown. He was also prevented from succeeding the unpopular Charles the Fat, who was deposed in November 887 and died in January 888, although it is unknown if his overthrow was accepted or even made known in West Francia before his death. The nobility then elected Odo, the hero of the Siege of Paris (885–886) as the new king, although there was a faction tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages (historiography), Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th to the 10th century. They marked the start of the Middle Ages of History of Europe, European history, following the decline of the Roman Empire, decline of the Western Roman Empire, and preceding the High Middle Ages ( 11th to 14th centuries). The alternative term ''Late antiquity#Terminology, late antiquity'', for the early part of the period, emphasizes elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while ''Early Middle Ages'' is used to emphasize developments characteristic of the earlier medieval period. The period saw a continuation of trends evident since late classical antiquity, including population decline, especially in urban centres, a decline of trade, Medieval Warm Period, a small rise in average temperatures in the North Atlantic region and Migration Period, increased m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cathedral Chapter
According to both Catholic and Anglican canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics ( chapter) formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese during the vacancy. In the Catholic Church their creation is the purview of the Pope. They can be ''numbered'', in which case they are provided with a fixed prebend, or ''unnumbered'', in which case the bishop indicates the number of canons according to the ability of diocesan revenues to support them. These chapters are made up of canons and other officers, while in the Church of England chapters now include a number of lay appointees. In some Church of England cathedrals there are two such bodies, the lesser and greater chapters, which have different functions. The smaller body usually consists of the residentiary members and is included in the larger one. Originally, the term "chapter" referred to a section of a monastic rule that was read out daily dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chablis
Chablis () is a town and commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. It lies in the valley of the River Serein. Wine The village of Chablis gives its name to one of the most famous French white wines. Chablis is made with Chardonnay, a grape that grows particularly well in the region. Population Events Each year the Festival du Chablisien is held May to June in Chablis, featuring classical, jazz, and world music. The fifth stage of the 2007 Tour de France departed from Chablis towards Autun. Climate See also *Communes of the Yonne department The following is a list of the 423 communes of the Yonne department of France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French ... References Communes of Yonne Champagne (province) {{Auxerre-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léré, Cher
Léré () is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. Geography A farming area comprising a very small town and several hamlets situated by the banks of the Loire lateral canal in the valley of the river Loire, some northeast of Bourges, at the junction of the D951, D751 and the D42 roads. Population Sights * The church of St. Martin, dating from the fourteenth century. * A fifteenth-century manorhouse. * The chateau of Villate, dating from the fifteenth century. See also *Communes of the Cher department The following is a list of the 286 communes of the Cher department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025): References {{DEFAULTSORT:Lere Communes of Cher (d ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cormery Abbey
Cormery Abbey or the Abbey of Saint Paul, Cormery (), is a former Benedictine abbey located on the territory of the commune of Cormery in the French department of Indre-et-Loire in the Centre-Val de Loire region. History Ithier, abbot of Saint Martin in Tours, founded a monastic cell here in 791, which was raised in the year 800 to the rank of abbey by Alcuin, and adopted the Rule of Saint Benedict. It was then attached to the Abbey of Saint Martin in Tours, and remained so until its dissolution during the Revolution. Despite the damage caused by the Vikings in the second half of the ninth century, which is difficult to quantify, the abbey developed rapidly, and around it the town of Cormery. In the middle of the Middle Ages, the abbey had many possessions in several French provinces and its boats could navigate freely on all the waterways of the kingdom; with fifty monks, it was one of the most powerful abbeys in Tours. During his tour of France in 1096, Pope Urban II confir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
