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Chinilpa
''Chinilpa'' ( ko, 친일파, lit. "pro- Japan faction") is a derogatory Korean language term that denotes ethnic Koreans who collaborated with Imperial Japan during the protectorate period of the Korean Empire from 1905 and its colonial rule in Korea from 1910 to 1945. The term is distinct from ''ji-ilpa'' (Hangul: 지일파; Hanja: 知日派, lit. "knowledgeable-about-Japan faction"), which has a politically neutral connotation. ''Chinilpa'' was popularized in post-independence Korea for Koreans considered national traitors for collaborating with the Japanese colonial government and fighting against the Korean independence movement. ''Chinilpa'' also applies to Koreans that had sought greater alliance or unification with Japan in the last years of Joseon Dynasty, such as Iljinhoe and the Five Eulsa Traitors. Prosecution of ''chinilpa'' gained increasing support in South Korea after the gradual democratization during the 1980s and 1990s, and the first anti-''chinilpa'' leg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Five Eulsa Traitors
The Five Eulsa Traitors refer to the five officials serving under Emperor Gojong who signed the Eulsa Treaty of 1905, which made Korea a protectorate of Japan. The five officials were Education Minister Yi Wan-yong, Army Minister Yi Geun-taek, Interior Minister , Foreign Affairs Minister Park Je-sun, and Agriculture, Commerce, and Industry Minister Gwon Jung-hyeon. Prime Minister and the ministers of finance and justice strongly opposed the treaty, but they and the politically weakened Gojong were unable to effectively resist the Five, even though the Emperor refused to sign the treaty himself, an act required to bring the treaty to conclusion under Korean law. The Japanese government forced Prime Minister Han to step down and installed Park in his place. Widespread public dissatisfaction at the treaty was directed at the five ministers, and an "assassination group" was formed targeting the five. Yi Ji-yong's house was burned in the same year. Gwon Jung-hyeon was injured in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iljinhoe
The Iljinhoe (一進會; 일진회) was a nationwide organization in Korea formed on August 8, 1904. A Japanese record states the number of party members was about 800,000, but another survey record by the Japanese Resident-General of Korea in 1910 shows the number was about 90,000. After seeing the failure of Korea's isolationism, the party claimed that Korea could not develop capitalism on its own, and demanded a merger with the Japanese Empire. Song Byeong-jun (송병준), the leader of the group and a high-ranking official in the Korean government before the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty actively pushed ahead the annexation and received a title of nobility from the Japanese government in 1920. Doosan Encyclopedia The group was disbanded on September 26, 1910, a month after the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Investigation Committee Of Anti-National Activities
The Special Investigation Committee of Anti-National Activities ( ko, 반민족행위특별조사위원회 abbreviated 반민특위) was established by the Constituent National Assembly to investigate those who actively cooperated with the Japanese Empire during the Japanese colonial period and conducted viciously anti-ethnic acts. There is one special committee. The Constituent Assembly passed the Anti-People of Punishment Act on September 7, 1948, to punish those who actively cooperated in the robbery of sovereignty, independence activists under Japanese imperialism, or those who violently killed or persecuted their families. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture The anti-communist clouded the national period by using the special police station under its ambition, arresting Park Heung-sik, a bad entrepreneur of the Japanese colonial era, and Choi Nam-sun and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korea Under Japanese Rule
Between 1910 and 1945, Korea was ruled as a part of the Empire of Japan. Joseon Korea had come into the Japanese sphere of influence with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876; a complex coalition of the Meiji government, military, and business officials began a process of integrating Korea's politics and economy with Japan. The Korean Empire, proclaimed in 1897, became a protectorate of Japan with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905; thereafter Japan ruled the country indirectly through the Japanese Resident-General of Korea. Japan formally annexed the Korean Empire with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, without the consent of the former Korean Emperor Gojong, the regent of the Emperor Sunjong. Upon its annexation, Japan declared that Korea would henceforth be officially named Chōsen. This name was recognized internationally until the end of Japanese colonial rule. The territory was administered by the Governor-General of Chōsen based in Keijō (Seoul). Japanese rule prior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans an archipelago of 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa. Tokyo is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the most densely populated and urbanized. About three-fourths of the country's terrain is mountainous, concentrating its population of 123.2 million on narrow coastal plains. Japan is divided into 47 administrative prefectures and eight traditional regions. The Greater Tokyo Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reverse Course
The is the name commonly given to a shift in the policies of the U.S. government and the U.S.-led Allied occupation of Japan as they sought to reform and rebuild Japan after World War II. The Reverse Course began in 1947, at a time of rising Cold War tensions. As a result of the Reverse Course, the emphasis of Occupation policy shifted from the demilitarization and democratization of Japan to economic reconstruction and remilitarization of Japan in support of U.S. Cold War objectives in Asia. This involved relaxing and in some cases even partially undoing earlier reforms the Occupation had enacted in 1945 and 1946. As a U.S. Department of State official history puts it, "this 'Reverse Course'...focused on strengthening, not punishing, what would become a key Cold War ally." Background Japan surrendered to the Allied Powers on August 15, 1945, and officially exchanged instruments of surrender in Tokyo Bay on September 2, by which time thousands of Allied Occupation forces had al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OhmyNews
OhmyNews (Hangul: 오마이뉴스) is a South Korean online news website with the motto "Every Citizen is a Reporter". It was founded by Oh Yeon Ho on February 22, 2000. It is the first news website in Korea to accept, edit and publish articles from its readers, in an open source style of news reporting. About 20% of the site's content is written by the 55-person staff, while most of the articles are written by other freelance contributors who are mostly ordinary citizens. Political position OhmyNews is a liberal and progressive media. OhmyNews is a media that shows liberal-leaning bias, unlike the somewhat moderate liberal Hankyoreh and Kyunghyang. OhmyNews is an anti-imperialist and anti-racist, but anti-China/anti-Japan government left-wing nationalist media that is common among South Korean liberals. OhmyNews is very critical of the 'hegemonic nationalism' of the Chinese and Japanese governments, and supports 'resistance nationalism', but opposes ethnic nationalism. Oh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur (26 January 18805 April 1964) was an American military leader who served as General of the Army for the United States, as well as a field marshal to the Philippine Army. He had served with distinction in World War I, was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s, and he played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. MacArthur was nominated for the Medal of Honor three times, and received it for his service in the Philippines campaign. This made him along with his father Arthur MacArthur Jr. the first father and son to be awarded the medal. He was one of only five men to rise to the rank of General of the Army in the U.S. Army, and the only one conferred the rank of field marshal in the Philippine Army. Raised in a military family in the American Old West, MacArthur was valedictorian at the West Texas Military Academy where he finished high school, and First Captain at the United States Military Academy at Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denazification
Denazification (german: link=yes, Entnazifizierung) was an Allied initiative to rid German and Austrian society, culture, press, economy, judiciary, and politics of the Nazi ideology following the Second World War. It was carried out by removing those who had been Nazi Party or SS members from positions of power and influence, by disbanding or rendering impotent the organizations associated with Nazism, and by trying prominent Nazis for war crimes in the Nuremberg trials of 1946. The program of denazification was launched after the end of the war and was solidified by the Potsdam Agreement in August 1945. The term ''denazification'' was first coined as a legal term in 1943 by the U.S. Pentagon, intended to be applied in a narrow sense with reference to the post-war German legal system. However, it later took on a broader meaning. In late 1945 and early 1946, the emergence of the Cold War and the economic importance of Germany caused the United States in particular to lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cold War
The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of Geopolitics, geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term ''Cold war (term), cold war'' is used because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two superpowers, but they each supported major regional conflicts known as proxy wars. The conflict was based around the ideological and geopolitical struggle for global influence by these two superpowers, following their temporary Allies of World War II, alliance and victory against Nazi Germany and Empire of Japan, Imperial Japan in 1945. Aside from the Nuclear arms race, nuclear arsenal development and conventional military deployment, the struggle for dominance was expressed via indirect means such as psychological warfare, propaganda campaigns, Cold War espionage, espionage, far-reaching Economic sanctions, embargoes, rivalry at sports events, and technolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Army Military Government In Korea
The United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) was the official ruling body of the Southern half of the Korean Peninsula from 8 September 1945 to 15 August 1948. The country during this period was plagued with political and economic chaos, which arose from a variety of causes. The after-effects of the Japanese occupation were still being felt in the occupation zone, as well as in the Soviet zone in the North. Popular discontent stemmed from the U.S. Military Government's support of the Japanese colonial government; then once removed, keeping the former Japanese governors on as advisors; by ignoring, censoring and forcibly disbanding the functional and popular People's Republic of Korea (PRK); and finally by supporting United Nations elections that divided the country. In addition, the U.S. military was largely unprepared for the challenge of administering the country, arriving with no knowledge of the language or political situation. Thus, many of their polic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Law To Redeem Pro-Japanese Collaborators' Property
The special law to redeem pro-Japanese collaborators' property (Hanja: 親日反民族行為者財產의國家歸屬에關한特別法, literally "''Special Law for the Nationalization of Pro-Japanese Race Traitors' Assets''") is a special South Korean law that passed the South Korean National Assembly on December 8, 2005, and was enacted on December 29, 2005. Under this law, the South Korean government is able to seize land and other properties owned by Korean collaborators (''chinilpa''), and their descendants, who supported the Japanese administration during the period between 1905 and 1945. The bill defines as collaborators people who took part in Japan’s annexation of Korea in 1910, received titles from the Japanese colonial government, or served as parliamentarians in Japanese Korea. The confiscated assets are allegedly used to compensate pro-independence activists and their offspring. See also * Roh Moo-hyun * Uri Party The Yeollin Uri Party (), generally abbrevi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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