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Cheirolepidiaceae
Cheirolepidiaceae (also spelled Cheirolepidaceae) is an extinct family of conifers. They first appeared in the Triassic, and were a diverse and common group of conifers during most of the Mesozoic era, primarily at low latitudes, where they often formed a dominant element of the vegetation. They are united by the possession of a distinctive pollen type assigned to the form genus ''Classopollis'' (the distinctive characters of which include "distal cryptopore, proximal scar often with filaments, striate equatorial girdle, subequatorial rimula, tegillum (outer tectum of a lesser electron density), and columella-like infratectal elements") The name Frenelopsidaceae (as a separate family) or "frenelopsids" has been used for a group of Cheirolepidiaceae with jointed stems, thick internode cuticles, sheathing leaf bases and reduced free leaf tips. The leaf morphology has been noted as being similar to that of halophyte '' Salicornia.'' Several members of the family appear to have been ada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classopollis
Cheirolepidiaceae (also spelled Cheirolepidaceae) is an extinct family (biology), family of conifers. They first appeared in the Triassic, and were a diverse and common group of conifers during most of the Mesozoic era, primarily at low latitudes, where they often formed a dominant element of the vegetation. They are united by the possession of a distinctive pollen type assigned to the form genus ''Classopollis'' (the distinctive characters of which include "distal cryptopore, proximal scar often with filaments, striate equatorial girdle, subequatorial rimula, tegillum (outer tectum of a lesser electron density), and columella-like infratectal elements") The name Frenelopsidaceae (as a separate family) or "frenelopsids" has been used for a group of Cheirolepidiaceae with jointed stems, thick internode cuticles, sheathing leaf bases and reduced free leaf tips. The leaf morphology has been noted as being similar to that of halophyte ''Salicornia.'' Several members of the family appear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pararaucaria
''Pararaucaria'' is a genus of conifer cone belonging to the extinct family Cheirolepidiaceae. Fossils are known from the Lower Jurassic to Early Cretaceous of North America, Europe, South America and Asia. It is associated with ''Brachyphyllum''-type foliage. Description The form of the cone varies from cylindrical to spherical, reaching up to in length in the largest species. The bract-scale complexes are helically arranged around the core. There is one central undivided and two lateral ovuliferous scale lobes, with each ovuliferous scale bearing one or two seeds, which are up to in dimension. The seeds are enclosed within pocket forming tissue. Taxonomy The genus was originally described by Wieland in 1929 and 1935 for the species ''Pararaucaria patagonica.'' The affinity of the genus was originally uncertain, but was confidently referred to the Cheirolepidiaceae by a study conducted in 2012, which emended the diagnosis of the genus. Species * ''Pararaucaria laiyange ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triassic
The Triassic ( ; sometimes symbolized š) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era and the seventh period of the Phanerozoic Eon. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic Period is subdivided into three epochs: Early Triassic, Middle Triassic and Late Triassic. The Triassic began in the wake of the PermianāTriassic extinction event, which left the Earth's biosphere impoverished; it was well into the middle of the Triassic before life recovered its former diversity. Three categories of organisms can be distinguished in the Triassic record: survivors from the extinction event, new groups that flourished briefly, and other new groups that went on to dominate the Mesozoic Era. Reptiles, especially archosaurs, were the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frenelopsis
''Frenelopsis'' is a genus of extinct conifers belonging to the family Cheirolepidiaceae that lived throughout the Cretaceous period ranging from the Berriasian to the Maastrichtian stages, containing a total of 18 species. It is a form classification describing the shoots of the plant, and is accompanied by the genera ''Classopollis'', '' Classostrobus'', and '' Alvinia''. These represent the pollen, male cones, and female cones respectively. They are likely to have been a major source of lignite in Cretaceous deposits. Description and biology The shoots of ''Frenelopsis'' consist of a round, jointed stem with small, sheathing leaves at the nodes. The leaves are arranged oppositely or in whorls of three. The latter of the two is the most common in the genus. The leaves' margins are lined with hairs. It is speculated that these hairs are used to capture atmospheric moisture at night. The stems are coated in a thick cuticle and the stomata are recessed in sunken pits. The guard cel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agathoxylon
''Agathoxylon'' (also known by the synonyms ''Dadoxylon'' and ''Araucarioxylon'') is a form genus of fossil wood, including massive tree trunks. Although identified from the late Palaeozoic to the end of the Mesozoic, ''Agathoxylon'' is common from the Carboniferous to Triassic. ''Agathoxylon'' represents the wood of multiple conifer groups, including both Araucariaceae and Cheirolepidiaceae, with late Paleozoic and Triassic forms possibly representing other conifers or other seed plant groups like " pteridosperms". Description ''Agathoxylon'' were large trees that bore long strap-like leaves and trunks with small, narrow rays. Often the original cellular structure is preserved as a result of silica in solution in the ground water becoming deposited within the wood cells. This mode of fossilization is termed permineralization. Systematics As a genus, ''Dadoxylon'' was poorly defined, and apart from Araucariaceae, has been associated with fossil wood as diverse as Cordaitales, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleocene
The Paleocene ( ), or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''palaiĆ³s'' meaning "old" and the Eocene Epoch (which succeeds the Paleocene), translating to "the old part of the Eocene". The epoch is bracketed by two major events in Earth's history. The KāPg extinction event, brought on by an asteroid impact (Chicxulub impact) and possibly volcanism (Deccan Traps), marked the beginning of the Paleocene and killed off 75% of species, most famously the non-avian dinosaurs. The end of the epoch was marked by the PaleoceneāEocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which was a major climatic event wherein about 2,500ā4,500 gigatons of carbon were released into the atmosphere and ocean systems, causing a spike in global temperatures and ocean acidification. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conifer
Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class (biology), class, Pinopsida. All Neontology, extant conifers are perennial plant, perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include Cedrus, cedars, Pseudotsuga, Douglas-firs, Cupressaceae, cypresses, firs, junipers, Agathis, kauri, larches, pines, Tsuga, hemlocks, Sequoioideae, redwoods, spruces, and Taxaceae, yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". ''Biology''. 7th ed. 2005. Print. p. 595. As of 2002, Pinophyta contained seven families, 60 to 65 genera, and more than 600 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecology, ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most notably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hirmeriella
''Hirmeriella'' is a genus of fossil tree, a conifer that was widespread in Late Triassic and Early Jurassic of Germany, the UK, and Poland.BARBACKA M., ZIAJA J., WCISÅO-LURANIEC E. 200Hirmeriella muensteri (Schenk) Jung from OdrowÄ Å¼ (Poland), with female and male cones, and in situ Classopollis pollen grains Acta Palaeobotanica 47(2): 339ā357, 2007 It is common in the fissure fills of Glamorgan, south Wales, where many of the UK's earliest mammal fossils have been found such as ''Morganucodon ''Morganucodon'' ("Glamorgan tooth") is an early mammaliaform genus that lived from the Late Triassic to the Middle Jurassic. It first appeared about 205 million years ago. Unlike many other early mammaliaforms, ''Morganucodon'' is well represent ...''. The name ''Hirmeriella muensteri'' has now been used to describe the whole plant, but it may also specifically refer to fossils of female parts of the plant, while male parts of the conifer may be known by the scientific name ''Brach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the Order (biology), order Asterales. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchidaceae, and which is the larger family is unclear as the quantity of Extant taxon, extant species in each family is unknown. The Asteraceae were first described in the year 1740 and given the original name Composita, Compositae. The family is commonly known as the aster, Daisy (flower), daisy, composite, or sunflower family. Most species of Asteraceae are herbaceous plants, and may be Annual plant, annual, Biennial plant, biennial, or Perennial plant, perennial, but there are also shrubs, vines, and trees. The family has a widespread distribution, from subpolar to tropical regions, in a wide variety of habitats. Most occur in Hot desert climate, hot desert and cold or hot Semi-arid climate, semi-desert climates, and they are found on ever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
