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Charitropakhyan
''Sri Charitropakhyan'' or ''Pakhyan Charitar'' and also ''Tria Charitra'' ( pa, ਪਖ੍ਯਾਨ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ, also known as ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰੋਪਾਖ੍ਯਾਨ and ਤ੍ਰਿਯਾ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ) is a huge composition, with the purpose of learning from others' mistakes to acquire more refined judgement in all fields, present in Dasam Granth, which is generally and traditionally ascribed to Guru Gobind Singh. The composition contains 404 tales of wiles of men and women, containing many historical, mythological and philosophical aspects, having 7558 verses. This composition ends at Chopai which is one of the Nitnem banis. The term Charitropakhyan is derived from two words, Charitar means characteristics/function of character and Pakhyan means already told. There are two types of Charitars, Purakh Charitar (male characters) and Tria Chariter (female characters). There is dispute over the authorship of ''Charitropakhyan'' among scholars, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dasam Granth
The ''Dasam Granth'' (Gurmukhi: ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ''dasama gratha'') is a collection of various manuscripts in Sikhism containing compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh.Dasam Granth Encyclopædia Britannica, pages 2, 67 Guru Gobind Singh ordained the sacred text as his successor, eternally ending the line of human Gurus. It is the primary holy scripture of the Sikhs and regarded by Sikhs as the living embodiment of Ten Gurus. is a part of ("Dasam Granth") compos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charitar 2
Charitar 2 is one of 404 tales present in Sri Charitropakhyan composition present in Dasam Granth. This tale is also called Katha Tale of Raja Chitar Singh and Rani Chitar Vati or Tale of Raja Chitar Singh and Rani Chitar Vati. This is the base tale of the whole composition of Sri Charitropakhyan from where central plots formed. The plot is explained in the second tale which is as follows: King Chitra Singh of Chitravati married the damsel of Indra's kingdom. She gave birth to a son named Hanuvant Singh. Damsel left the king when he got old. He ordered his employees to find her but instead found another, similar looking girl named Chitramati. Chitramati was the daughter of the ruler of Odchaa. To marry her, he had a fight with her father, the ruler of Odchaa. Chitramati was about the age of the son of Chitra Singh. She got heavily attracted to him and tried to seduce him, but Hanuvant Singh was religious in thought and did not go for incest. Then she created a drama and accused Han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charitar 71
Charitar 71 is an auto-biographical tale presented in Sri Charitropakhyan composition present in Dasam Granth. This tale is also called "Tale of Kapal Mochan". This tale is added to list of tales narrated by wise minister to King Chitra Singh to prevent the King's son from a death sentence, due to the false allegation of attempted rape of the King's younger wife by Prince Hanuvant Singh.Charitar 2, Sri Charitropakhyan, Dasam Granth Sahib The tales is told in 10 stanzas with 3 Chopais and 4 Dohras. Synopsis After Battle of Bhangani, Guru Gobind Singh heads towards Kapal Mochan, an ancient pilgrimage of Hindus. For honoring soldiers who fought in Battle, Guru Gobind Singh sent some of his Singhs to Buria to bring turban. Singhs went to Paonta and Buria to purchase robes but no robes were available in city. At same time, there was huge gathering of people. At morning time, Guru Gobind Singh Guru Gobind Singh (; 22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708), born Gobind Das or Gobin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaupai (Sikhism)
Kaviyo Bach Benti Chaupai (also referred to as Chaupai Sahib) (Gurmukhi: ਕਬਿਯੋਬਾਚ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਚੌਪਈ or ਚੌਪਈ ਸਾਹਿਬ) is a hymn by Guru Gobind Singh. Chaupai is the 404th Charitar of the Charitropakhyan of the Dasam Granth and is a part of a Sikh's Nitnem (daily scripture reading). Chaupai Sahib begins after the 404 Chittar where two massive battles, including the later between Maha Kal and the devils, is narrated and the struggle of a goddess that was born as a result of the first battle and her quest for the acceptance of the Supreme Being, by her abandoning all other worldly desires, is illustrated. Benti Chaupai consists of three parts: Kabiyo Bach Benti Chaupai, Arril, Chaupai, Savaiye and Dohra. Kabiyo Bach Benti Chaupai is normally referred to as Chaupai in short. Dating Chaupai Sahib, as the author suggests, was completed on Sunday, on eighth day (Ashtami) of waxing moon phase (Shukla Paksha) of Lunar month of Bhadrapada B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chandi Charitar
''Chandi Charitar Ukti Bilas'' or ''Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas'' ( pa, ਚੰਡੀ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ (ੳਕਤਿ ਬਿਲਾਸ), also called Chandi Charitar 1 (ਚੰਡੀ ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ (ਭਾਗ ੧)) or Chandi Charitar Part One is a heroic poetic composition, included in the 4th chapter of Dasam Granth, whose authorship is generally and traditionally attributed to Guru Gobind Singh. Though it is based on Markandeya Purana, the direction and narration of whole story is totally independent of Markandeya Purana. Overview ''Chandi'' stands for the embodiment of ferocious "shakti" or the female form of cosmic energy. ''Bilas'' comes from vilaas which can also be described as chronicles/descriptive/heroics, ''Ukati'' means ''on'', and ''Charitar'' means characteristics and function. So, ''Chandi Charitar Ukti Bilas'' means "Discussion on characteristics and functions of Chandi". Ukat(i) bilas is divided into eight cantos, comprises 233 couplets and quatrains, emplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sassui Punnhun
Sassi Punnuh or Sassui Punhun ( sd, سَسُئيِ پُنهوُن) is a love story from Punjabi, Sindhi, and Balochi folklore. The story is about a faithful lover who will endure any difficulty while seeking her beloved husband who was separated from her by rivals. The story also appears in Shah Jo Risalo and forms part of seven popular tragic romances from Sindh, Pakistan. The other six tales are ''Umar Marvi'', ''Sohni Mehar'', ''Lilan Chanesar'', ''Noori Jam Tamachi'', ''Sorath Rai Diyach'', and '' Momal Rano'' commonly known as the Seven Queens of Sindh, or the Seven heroines of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. Punnu Mir Punnhun Khan (Mir Dostein) was the son of Mir Aalii or Ari, a baloch king of Kech, Balochistan. Sassi Sassi was the daughter of the Raja of Bhambore in Sindh (now in Pakistan). Upon Sassi's birth, astrologers predicted that she was a bane on the royal family's honour. The Raja ordered that the child be put in a wooden box and thrown in the Sindhu. A washer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dasharatha
Dasharatha ( Sanskrit: दशरथ, IAST: Daśaratha; born Nemi) was the king of the Kosala kingdom and a scion of the Suryavamsha dynasty in Hinduism. He ruled from this capital at Ayodhya. Dasharatha was the son of Aja and Indumati. He had three primary consorts: Kausalya, Kaikeyi, and Sumitra, and from these unions were born Shanta, Rama, Bharata, Lakshmana, and Shatrughna. He is mentioned in the scriptures of Ramayana and Vishnu Purana. Legend Early life King Dasharatha was believed to be an incarnation of Svayambhuva Manu, the son of the Hindu creator god, Brahma. Dasharatha was the son of King Aja of Kosala and Indumati of Vidarbha. He was originally named Nemi, but he acquired the moniker ''Dasharatha'' (Ten chariots) as his chariot could move in all ten directions, fly, as well as return to earth, and he could fight with ease in all of these directions. Dasharatha became the ruler of Kosala after the death of his father. He was a great warrior who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heer Ranjha
''Heer Ranjha'' (or ''Heer and Ranjha'') ( pnb, , ਹੀਰ ਰਾਂਝਾ ) is one of several popular tragic romances of Punjab, other important ones being " Sohni Mahiwal", " Mirza Sahiban" and " Sassi Punnhun". There are several poetic narrations of the story, the most famous being ''Heer'' by Waris Shah written in 1766. It tells the story of the love between Heer Sial and Dheedo Ranjha.(Arif JamshaidThe epic of Heer Ranjha, research paper on epic poem written by Waris Shah in 1766 on Academy of the Punjab in North America websiteRetrieved 14 November 2020 History ''Heer Ranjha'' was written by many poets. Damodar Gulati, who also known as Damodar Das Arora, claims to be the eyewitness of this tale. His Qissa/story is deemed the oldest and the first Heer in Punjabi literature . He states in the poem that he is from Jhang—the home of Heer, one of the poem's two main characters. 16th century poet Shah Hussain also used story in his " Kafi" (poetry). Some historian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sohni Mahiwal
Sohni Mahiwal or Suhni Mehar ( pa, , ਸੋਹਣੀ ਮਹੀਂਵਾਲ is one of the four popular tragic romances of Punjab including Sindh. In Sindh Sohni's shrine is in Shahdadpur Town of Sangar District. The others are Sassi Punnun, Mirza Sahiba, and Heer Ranjha. Sohni Mahiwal is a tragic love story which inverts the classical motif of Hero and Leander. The heroine Sohni, unhappily married to a man she despises, swims every night across the river using an earthenware pot to keep afloat in the water, to where her beloved Mehar herds buffaloes. One night her sister-in-law replaces the earthenware pot with a vessel of unbaked clay, which dissolves in water and she dies in the whirling waves of the river. The story also appears in Shah Jo Risalo and is one of seven popular tragic romances from Sindh. The other six tales are Umar Marui, Sassui Punhun, Lilan Chanesar, Noori Jam Tamachi, Sorath Rai Diyach and Momal Rano commonly known as ''Seven Heroines'' ( sd, ست سورم� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urvashi
Urvashi ( sa, उर्वशी, Urvaśī}) is the most prominent apsara (celestial nymph) in Hindu mythology, considered to be the most beautiful of all the apsaras, and an expert dancer. She is mentioned in both ''Vedic'' and '' Puranic'' scriptures and is often portrayed as a ' swan maiden'. Urvashi is described to be born out of the thigh of sage Narayana and occupies a special place in the court of Indra, the king of the gods and ruler of svarga (heaven). She is famous for her marriage to Pururavas, a mortal king, whom she later abandons. Urvashi is also regarded as the mother of Vedic sages Vashishtha and Agastya. Etymology The Sanskrit name ''"Urvaśī"'' can have multiple meanings. It is derived from roots''uru'' and ''aś''. Some believe that the name has a non- Aryan origin. According to the scripture '' Devi Bhagavata Purana'', the apsara is known as Urvashi because she is born from the ''uru''—'thigh'—of the divine-sage Narayana. Indologist Monier Mon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaikeyi
Kaikeyi (Sanskrit: कैकेयी, IAST: Kaikeyī) is the second consort of King Dasharatha, and a queen of Ayodhya in the Hindu epic Ramayana. Out of Dasharatha's three wives, Kaikeyi exerts the most influence. Formerly the princess of Kekeya, she is described to have served as an able counsellor to her husband during times of war. She is the mother of Bharata. Initially loving and motherly towards her stepson, Prince Rama, Kaikeyi's mind is poisoned by Manthara, her maid. Under her influence, Rama is exiled to the forest for a period of fourteen years. Legend Birth and early life Kaikeyi is born to King Ashvapati of Kekeya shortly before her mother was exiled. She was raised with her only mother figure being her hunchbacked nursemaid, Manthara. She is raised with seven brothers, including her twin, Yudhājit. Boons In a battle between the devas and the asuras, Dasharatha rode to Devaloka, accompanied by Kaikeyi, to help Indra fight against the asuras. The d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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