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Channichthyidae
The crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish comprise a family (Channichthyidae) of notothenioid fish found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. They are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin in their blood as adults. Icefish populations are known to reside in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean, as well as the continental shelf waters surrounding Antarctica. Water temperatures in these regions remain relatively stable, generally ranging from . One icefish, '' Champsocephalus esox,'' is distributed north of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. At least 16 species of crocodile icefish are currently recognized, although eight additional species have been proposed for the icefish genus '' Channichthys.'' In February 2021, scientists discovered and documented a breeding colony of ''Neopagetopsis ionah'' icefish estimated to have 60 million active nests across an area of approximately 92 square miles at the bottom of the Weddell Sea in Antarctica. The major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaenocephalus
The blackfin icefish (''Chaenocephalus aceratus''), also known as the Scotia Sea icefish, is a species of Channichthyidae, crocodile icefish belonging to the family Channichthyidae. The blackfin icefish belongs to Notothenioidei, a suborder of fishes that accounts for 90% of the fish fauna on the Antarctic continental shelf. Icefishes, also called white-blooded fishes, are a unique family in that they are the only known vertebrates to lack Hemoglobin, haemoglobin, making their blood oxygen carrying capacity just 10% that of other Teleost, teleosts. Icefishes have translucent blood and creamy white gills. Taxonomy The blackfin icefish was first formally Species description, described as ''Chaenichthys aceratus'' in 1906 by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg with the type locality given as South Georgia Island. In 1913 the English people, English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan described a new subgenus of ''Channichthys'', ''Chaenocephalus'' with the blackfin icefish as its only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudochaenichthys
''Pseudochaenichthys'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. Its only member is ''Pseudochaenichthys georgianus'', the South Georgia icefish, which is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Pseudochaenichthys'' was first described as a genus in 1937 by the English ichthyologist John Roxborough Norman when he was describing its only species ''Pseudochaenichthys georgianus''. The type locality of ''P. georgianus'' is South Georgia Island. The genus name is a compound of ''pseudo'' which means "false" and ''Chaenichthys'', an alternative spelling for ''Channichthys'', probably an allusion to its similarity of fishes in that genus. The specific name ''georgianus'' means that it belongs to (South) Georgia. Description ''Pseudochaenichthys'', the South Georgia icefish, is a dark greyish-green species with blackish first dorsal and pelvic fins. The pelvic fins have white outer borders. The dorsal fin has 7 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Channichthys
''Channichthys'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Channichthys'' was first formally described as a genus in 1844 by the Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and Arctic explorer John Richardson when he described the unicorn icefish (''Channichthys rhinoceratus'') which he placed in a new monotypic genus. Subsequently up to nine species have been classified within ''Channichthys'' which is what FishBase does while ''Catalog of Fishes'' recognises 5 species while other authorities are of the view that the genus is monotypic and that ''C. rhinoceratus'' is the only species. The genus name is a compound of ''channos'' meaning "gape" and ''ichthys'' which means "fish", alluding to the wide gape of these fishes. Species The species of this genus are quite similar to each other, and reliable ways of distinguishing them include the shape of their dorsal fins, gill ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dacodraco
''Dacodraco'' is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes, its only member is ''Dacodraco hunteri''. This species is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Dacodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1916 by the English-born Australian ichthyologist Edgar Ravenswood Waite when he was describing its only species ''Dacodraco hunteri''. The type locality of ''D. hunteri'' is Queen Mary Land, off the Shackleton Ice Shelf at 65°06'S, 96°13'E. The genus name is a compound of ''dakos'' which means a "beast that bites" and ''draco'' meaning "dragon", a common suffix in generic names of Notothenioids. Waite did not explain the reason for using ''dakos'' but it may refer to the single row of teeth in each jaw with an spaced line of large canines to the inside of them. The specific name honours the Australian biologist John G. Hunter of Sydney University who was chief biologist at the main base of the Australian Anta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notothenioid
Notothenioidei is one of 19 suborders of the order Perciformes. The group is found mainly in Antarctic and Subantarctic waters, with some species ranging north to southern Australia and southern South America. Notothenioids constitute approximately 90% of the fish biomass in the Continental shelf, continental shelf waters surrounding Antarctica. Evolution and geographic distribution The Southern Ocean has supported fish habitats for 400 million years; however, modern notothenioids likely appeared sometime after the Eocene epoch. This period marked the cooling of the Southern Ocean, resulting in the stable, ice-cold conditions that have persisted to the present day. Another key factor in the evolution of notothenioids is the preponderance of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), a large, slow-moving current that extends to the seafloor and precludes most migration to and from the Antarctic region. These unique environmental conditions in conce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco
''Chionodraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco'' was first described as a genus in 1905 by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg when he described the ''Chaenichthys hamatus'' which he subsequently placed in a new monotypic genus. The genus name is a compound of ''chionos'' meaning "snow" and ''draco'' which means "dragon", Lönnberg did not explain this but it may allude to a relationship with the genus ''Cryodraco''. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: * ''Chionodraco hamatus'' (Lönnberg, 1905) * '' Chionodraco myersi'' H. H. DeWitt & J. C. Tyler, 1960 (Myers' icefish) * '' Chionodraco rastrospinosus'' H. H. DeWitt & Hureau, 1979 (Ocellated icefish) Characteristics ''Chionodraco'' icefishes may have the spine on the snout present or it is reduced to a small centrally placed knob. The gill rakers may bear teeth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pagetopsis
''Pagetopsis'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. The species in this genus are found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Pagetopsis'' was described as a genus in 1913 by the English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan as a monotypic genus which had ''Champsocephalus macropterus'', which had been described by the Belgian-born British ichthyologist George Albert Boulenger in 1907, as its only species. The genus name is a combination of ''opsis'' with '' Pagetodes'', the name given by John Richardson in 1843 to an icefish frozen on the bow of HMS Terror which had been eaten by a cat before it could be preserved, Regan said that ''Pagetodes'' could not be used until that fish was rediscovered. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * '' Pagetopsis macropterus'' (Boulenger, 1907) * '' Pagetopsis maculata'' Barsukov & Permitin, 1958 Characteristics ''Pagetopsis'' has a forward curving spine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryodraco
''Cryodraco'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are found in the Southern Ocean. While ''C. antarcticus'' has minor commercial importance, ''C. atkinsoni'' and ''C. pappenheimi'' are of no interest to commercial fisheries. Taxonomy ''Cryodraco'' was first formally described as a monotypic genus in 1900 by the Belgian palaeontologist Louis Dollo when he was describing ''Cryodraco antarctica''. Although FishBase uses the genus name ''Cryodraco'', Catalog of Fishes uses ''Pagetodes'' as the genus name and treats ''Cryodraco'' as a synonym, following Sheiko. The name ''Pagetodes'' was applied to a fish which was washed onto the bow of HMS ''Terror'' and frozen in place. The fish was carefully removed from the ice, allowing the ship's surgeon John Robertson to create a rough sketch, but a cat took the fish and ate it before it could be preserved in alcohol. In 1844 John Richardson described the gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionobathyscus
''Chionobathyscus dewitti'' is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. This species is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionobathyscus'' was first described as a genus in 1978 by the ichthyologists Anatoly Petrovich Andriyashev and Alexei Vladimovich Neyelov when they were describing the only species in this genus ''Chionobathyscus dewitti'', the type of which had been collected in the Eastern Antarctic Ocean at 67°31'S, 33°05'W. The genus name is a compound of ''chionos'' which means "snow", although in this case this is alluding to the relationship of this taxon with the genus '' Chionodraco'', and ''bathyscus'' which means "inhabitant of the deep", a reference to the depths at which this species is found. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist, marine biologist and oceanographer Hugh Hamilton DeWitt in recognition of his work on Antarctic fishes. Description ''Chionobathyscus de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champsocephalus
''Champsocephalus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Champsocephalus'' was first formally described as a genus in 1862 by the American ichthyologist Theodore Nicholas Gill as he thought that its type species, ''Chaenichthys esox'' which had been described in 1861 by Albert Günther, was distinct enough to be classified in its own genus. The genus name is a compound of ''champsos'' meaning “crocodile” and ''cephalos'' which means “head”, Gill did not explain the allusion but it is thought to be a reference to the clearly predatory snout, like a crocodile’s. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * '' Champsocephalus esox'' ( Günther, 1861) (pike icefish) * ''Champsocephalus gunnari'' Lönnberg, 1905 (mackerel icefish) Characteristics ''Champsocephalus'' species do not have a spine on the snout. There are three radiati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chionodraco Hamatus
''Chionodraco hamatus'' is a species of marine Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. It is found in the Southern Ocean. Taxonomy ''Chionodraco hamatus'' was first formally Species description, described in 1905 as ''Chaenichthys rhinoceratus hamatus'' by the Swedish zoologist Einar Lönnberg with the Type locality (biology), type locality given as Snow Hill Island in Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. Lönnberg subsequent classified it in a new genus ''Chionodraco'' as its only species so ''C. hamatus'' is the type species of that genus by Monotypic taxon, monotypy. Some authorities regard ''C. kathleenae'' as a valid species. The specific name ''hamatus'' means “hooked”, a reference to the hooked operculum spines. Description ''Chionodraco hamatus'' has a robust, backwards pointing spine on its snout. In larger individuals the ridges above the eyes are roughly textured. The dorsal fin has 5 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champsocephalus Esox
''Champsocephalus esox'', the pike icefish or northern icefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. Taxonomy ''Champsocephalus esox'' was first formally described in 1861 as ''Chaenichthys esox'' by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther with the type locality given as Port Famine in Chile. In 1862 the American ichthyologist Theodore Nicholas Gill placed it in the new monotypic genus ''Champsocephalus''. The ''specific name'' ''esox'' means “pike”, Günther did not explain why but it may be because of the resemblance to the Northern pike (''Esox lucius''). Description ''Champsocephalus esox'' has a whitish body, dark brown caudal fins, and dark brown bars (sometimes forming irregular dark blotches connected with yellowish regions) with no scales except on its lateral line. Distribution and habitat ''Champsocephalus esox'' is found at depths of in the oceans off Patagonia, the Falklands an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
