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Chaar Yaar (other)
Chaar Yaar or Char Yaar (meaning "Four Friends" in Persian) is used to refer to: * Rashidun, the Rightly Guided Caliphs, used in Sunni Islam to refer to the first four Caliphs who established the Rashidun Caliphate **Abu Bakr (632–634), through his daughter Aisha, became a father-in-law of Muhammad. ** Umar (634–644), through his daughter Hafsa bint Umar, became a father-in-law of Muhammad. ** Uthman (644–656), by marrying Ruqayya bint Muhammad and Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad, two daughters of Muhammad, became a son-in-law of Muhammad. ** Ali (656–661), by marrying Fatima and Umama bint Abi al-As, daughter and granddaughter of Muhammad, became a son-in-law of Muhammad. * The great pioneers of the 13th century Chishti Order and the Suhrawardiyya Sufi movements in South Asia were four friends known as the ''Chaar Yaar''. The original four were: ** Bahauddin Zakariya of Multan (1170–1267 AD) ** Baba Farid of Pakpattan (1174–1266 AD) ** Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, aka Jhulelal of Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashidun
The Rashidun Caliphs ( ar, الخلفاء الراشدون, translit=al-Khulafāʾ al-Rāshidūn, ), often simply called the Rashidun, are the first four caliphs (lit.: 'successors') who led the Muslim community following the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad: Abu Bakr (), Umar (), Uthman (), and Ali (). The reign of these caliphs, called the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), is considered in Sunni Islam to have been 'rightly guided' (Arabic: ), meaning that it constitutes a model ( ) to be followed and emulated from a religious point of view. History The first four caliphs who succeeded Muhammad are known as the Rashidun (rightly-guided) Caliphs. # Abu Bakr (; ) # Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ) – often known simply as Umar or Omar # Uthman ibn Affan (; ) – often known simply as Uthman, Othman, or Osman # Ali ibn Abi Talib (; ) – often known simply as Ali The succession to Muhammad is the central issue that divides the Muslim community. Sunni Islam, according to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suhrawardiyya
The Suhrawardiyya ( ar, سهروردية, fa, سهروردیه) is a Sufi order founded by Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi (died 1168). Lacking a centralised structure, it eventually divided into various branches. The order was especially prominent in India. The ideology of the Suhrawardiyya was inspired by Junayd of Baghdad (died 910) a Persian scholar and mystic from Baghdad. Under the Ilkhanate (1256–1335), the Suhrawardiyya was one of the three leading Sufi orders, and was based in western Iran. The order had its own '' khanaqahs'' (Sufi lodges), which helped them spread their influence throughout Persianate culture and society. The order included prominent members such as the Akbarian mystics Abd al-Razzaq Kashani (died 1329) and Sa'id al-Din Farghani (died 1300), and the Persian poet Saadi Shirazi Saadi Shīrāzī ( fa, ابومحمّد مصلحالدین بن عبدالله شیرازی), better known by his pen name Saadi (; fa, سعدی, , ), also known as Sadi of Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajmer
Ajmer is one of the major and oldest cities in the Indian state of Rajasthan and the centre of the eponymous Ajmer District. It is located at the centre of Rajasthan. It is also known as heart of Rajasthan. The city was established as "''Ajayameru''" (translated as "Invincible Hills") by a Chahamana ruler, either Ajayaraja I or Ajayaraja II, and served as their capital until the 12th century CE. Home to the dargah of Moinuddin Chishti, Ajmer is one of the most important destinations of Islamic pilgrimage in South Asia. Ajmer is surrounded by the Aravalli Mountains. Ajmer had been a municipality since 1869. Ajmer has been selected as one of the heritage cities for the HRIDAY and Smart City Mission schemes of the Government of India. History Ajmer was originally known as ''Ajayameru''. The city was founded by an 11th-century Chahamana king Ajaydeva. Historian Dasharatha Sharma notes that the earliest mention of the city's name occurs in Palha's '' Pattavali'', whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mu'in Al-Din Chishti
Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan Sijzī (1143–1236 Common Era, CE), known more commonly as Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī or Moinuddin Chishti, or by the epithet Gharib Nawaz (),Blain Auer, "Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan", in: ''Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE'', Edited by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson. or reverently as a Shaykh Muʿīn al-Dīn or Muʿīn al-Dīn or Khwājā Muʿīn al-Dīn ( ur, ) by Muslims of the Indian subcontinent, was a Persian people, Persian Sunni MuslimFrancesca Orsini and Katherine Butler Schofield, ''Telling and Texts: Music, Literature, and Performance in North India'' (Open Book Publishers, 2015), p. 463 preacher and Sayyid, ascetic, Ulama, religious scholar, philosopher, and Sufism, mystic from Sistan, who eventually ended up settling in the Indian subcontinent in the early 13th-century, where he promulgated the famous Chishti Order, Chishtiyya order of Sunni mysticism. This particular ''tariqa'' (order) beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari
Jalaluddin "Surkh-Posh" Bukhari ( fa, , c. 595-690 AH, 1190 – 1295 CE) was a Sufi saint and missionary belonging to the Sufi order of Hussaini Jalali. Names Bukhari, a family name, is derived from the location of his birth city of Bukhara in the ancient administrative region of Bukhara Province Uzbekistan.Yasin M. and Asin M. (Ed."Reading in Indian History."Atlantic 1988. p41. Accessed in English at Google Books on 23 June 2017 Bukhari is a Sayyid from Naqvi denomination, a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons Husayn ibn Ali and Hasan ibn Ali. Bukhari was born as Jalaluddin Haider. Bukhari was nicknamed ''Surkh-Posh'' ("clad in red") because he often wore a red mantle. Over times, he has been referred to by a number of names and titles: Jalal Ganj; Mir Surkh (Red Leader); Sharrifullah (Noble of Allah); Mir Buzurg (Big Leader); Makhdum-ul-Azam; Jalal Akbar; Azimullah; Sher Shah (Lion King); Jalal Azam and Surkh-Posh Bukhari. With formal h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
Hazrat Sayyid Usman Marwandi, (1177 - 19 February 1274) popularly known as Lal Shahbaz Qalandar (), was a Sufi saint and poet of present-day Pakistan and Afghanistan. Lal Shahbaz Qalandar was born in Marwand, Sistan to a family from Baghdad. He eventually settled in Sindh and helped many people in converting to Islam and was revered by the local Sindhi population. Lal Shahbaz Qalandar had also been reputed for performing many miracles and was seen as a very holy figure in Sindh. The 19th century spiritual Sufi Manqabat '' Dama Dam Mast Qalandar'' is dedicated to Lal Shahbaz Qalandar and is widely popular in the sub-continent. Names He is called ''Lal'' ("ruby-coloured") because of the ruby-like glow on his face/forehead and " Shahbaz" to denote a noble and divine spirit and " Qalandar" as he was a wandering spiritual man. Lal Shahbaz Qalandar is sometimes called ''Jhulelal'' (Sindhi: ). The term Jhulelal means "red bridegroom". According to the Garland Encyclopedia, La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakpattan
Pakpattan (Punjabi and ), often referred to as Pākpattan Sharīf (; ''"Noble Pakpattan"''), is the capital city of the Pakpattan District, located in Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the 48th largest city of Pakistan by population according to the 2017 census. . Pakpattan is the seat of Pakistan's ''Chisti'' order of Sufism, and is a major pilgrimage destination on account of the shrine of Fariduddin Ganjshakar, the renowned Punjabi poet and Sufi saint commonly referred to as Baba Farid. The annual '' urs'' fair in his honour draws an estimated 2 million visitors to the town. Etymology Pakpattan was known as ''Ajodhan'' until the 16th century. The city now derives its name from the combination of two Punjabi/Urdu words, ''Pak'' and ''Pattan'', meaning "pure," and "dock" respectively, which reference a ferry across the Sutlej River that was popular with pilgrims to the Shrine of Baba Farid, and represented a metaphorical journey of salvation across the river in a boat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baba Farid
Farīd al-Dīn Masʿūd Ganj-i-Shakar ( ; – 7 May 1266) was a 13th-century Punjabi Sunni Muslim preacher and mystic, who was one of the most revered and distinguished Muslim mystics of the medieval period. He is known reverentially as Bābā Farīd or Shaikh Farīd by Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs of the Punjab Region, or simply as Farīduddīn Ganjshakar. Biography Fariduddin Masud was born in 1188 (573 AH) in Kothewal, 10 km from Multan in the Punjab region, to Jamāl-ud-dīn Suleimān and Maryam Bībī (Qarsum Bībī), daughter of Wajīh-ud-dīn Khojendī. He was a Sunni Muslim and was one of the founding fathers of the Chishti Sufi order.(Sufis - Wisdom against Violence) Article on Baba Farid on the South Asian magazin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multan
Multan (; ) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan, on the bank of the Chenab River. Multan is Pakistan's seventh largest city as per the 2017 census, and the major cultural, religious and economic centre of southern Punjab. Multan is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Asia, with a history stretching deep into antiquity. The ancient city was the site of the renowned Multan Sun Temple, and was besieged by Alexander the Great during the Mallian Campaign. A historic cultural centre of the wider Punjab, it was conquered by the Ummayad military commander Muhammad bin Qasim. The city later became independent as the capital of the Emirate of Multan in 855 A.D., before subsequently coming under the rule of empires such as the Ghaznavids, the Ghurids and the Mamluks. In 1445, it became capital of the Langah Sultanate. In 1526, it was conquered by the Mughal Empire. Multan Subah would become one of the largest provinces of the Mughal Empire when it was created by administrative r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahauddin Zakariya
Baha-ud-din Zakariya (Urdu and fa, بہاءُ الدین زکریا) (c.1170 – 1262), also spelled Bahauddin Zakariya, and also known as Baha-ul-Haq and Bahauddin Zakariya Multani, was a Sunni Muslim scholar saint and poet who established the '' Suhrawardiyya'' order of Baghdad in medieval South Asia, later becoming one of the most influential spiritual leaders of his era. Life Abu Muhammad Bahauddin Zakariya, later known simply as Bahauddin Zakariya, was born around 1170 CE in ''Kot Kehror'' (now known as Karor Lal Esan), a town near the ancient city of Multan, in the southern part of the Punjab province of modern Pakistan. His grandfather, Shah Kamal-ud-Din Ali Shah Qureshi, had arrived in Multan from Mecca, Arabia while en route to the Khwarezm region of Central Asia. Bahauddin Zakariya descended from the lineage of Asad Ibn Hashim, and was hence a Hashmi, or direct descendant of the same clan lineage as Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The renowned Persian Sufi master Shah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.;;;;;;;; Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian subcontinent and defined largely by the Indian Ocean on the south, and the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Pamir Mountains, Pamir mountains on the north. The Amu Darya, which rises north of the Hindu Kush, forms part of the northwestern border. On land (clockwise), South Asia is bounded by Western Asia, Central Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic cooperation organization in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia. South Asia covers about , which is 11.71% of the Asian continent or 3.5% of the world's land surface area. The population of South Asia is about 1.9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chishti Order
The Chishtī Order ( fa, ''chishtī'') is a tariqa, an order or school within the mystic Sufism, Sufi tradition of Sunni Islam. The Chishti Order is known for its emphasis on love, tolerance, and openness. It began with Abu Ishaq Shami in Chishti Sharif District, Chisht, a small town near Herat, Afghanistan, South Asia about 930 AD. The Chishti Order is primarily followed in Afghanistan and the Indian subcontinent. It was the first of the four main Sufi orders (Chishti, Qadiri, Suhrawardiyya, Suhrawardi and Naqshbandi) to be established in this region. Moinuddin Chishti, Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti introduced the Chishti Order in Ajmer (Rajasthan, India) sometime in the middle of the 12th century. He was eighth in the line of succession from the founder of the Chishti Order, Abu Ishaq Shami. There are now several branches of the order, which has been the most prominent South Asian Sufi brotherhood since the 12th century. In the last century, the order has spread outside Afgha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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