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Catalan Sovereignty Declaration
The Declaration on the Sovereignty and Right to Decide of the People of Catalonia (') was issued on 23 January 2013. The declaration asserted that Catalonia is an autonomous entity and agrees "to initiate the process to exercise the right to decide so that the citizens of Catalonia may decide their collective political future in accordance with the following principles: democratic legitimacy, transparency, dialogue, social cohesion, Europeanism, legality, role of the Catalan Parliament and participation". The declaration was passed with 85 votes in favor, 41 against and 2 abstentions in the Parliament of Catalonia. On 8 May 2013 this declaration was provisionally suspended by the Constitutional Court of Spain. On 25 March 2014, the same court declared the principle of ''sovereignty'' void and not constitutional and validated the other principles. See also * Catalan independence * Catalan self-determination referendum * History of Catalonia * Sovereignty Sovereignty can ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalonia
Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006, Statute of Autonomy. Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situated on the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, to the south of the Pyrenees mountain range. Catalonia is administratively divided into four Provinces of Spain, provinces or eight Vegueries of Catalonia, ''vegueries'' (regions), which are in turn divided into 43 Comarques of Catalonia, ''comarques''. The capital and largest city, Barcelona, is the second-most populous Municipalities in Spain, municipality in Spain and the fifth-most populous List of metropolitan areas in Europe, urban area in the European Union. > > > ''Catalonia'' theoretically derived. During the Middle Ages, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine chroniclers claimed that ''Catalania'' derives from the local medley of Goths with Alans, initially constituting a ''Goth-Alania''. Othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Catalonia
The Parliament of Catalonia (, ; ; ) is the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Catalonia. The Parliament is currently made up of 135 members, known as Deputy (legislator), deputies (//), who are elected for four-year terms or after extraordinary dissolution, chosen by universal suffrage in lists of four constituencies, corresponding to the Catalan provinces. The Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, Parliament building is located in Parc de la Ciutadella, Ciutadella Park, Barcelona. Established in 1932, after the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 1932, granting of self-governance to Catalonia by the Second Spanish Republic, it went to exile in 1939 as a consequence of the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. It was reestablished in 1979 during the Spanish transition to democracy, transition to democracy. The most recent general election to the Parliament was held on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Court Of Spain
The Constitutional Court () is the supreme interpreter of the Spanish Constitution, with the power to determine the constitutionality of acts and statutes made by any public body, central, regional, or local in Spain. It is defined in Part IX (sections 159 through 165) of the Constitution of Spain, and further governed by Organic Laws 2/1979 (Law of the Constitutional Court of 3 October 1979), 8/1984, 4/1985, 6/1988, 7/1999 and 1/2000. The Court is the "supreme interpreter" of the Constitution, but since the Court is not a part of the Spanish Judiciary, the Supreme Court is the highest court for all judicial matters. Powers The Court was established along the lines of the Kelsenian model of constitutional justice, also called the European Model because it has been adopted by most European countries. Unlike the main alternative, the American model, the features of the Kelsenian model are that only a constitutional court is empowered to find that a statute is unconstitutiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Independence
The Catalan independence movement (; ; ) is a Social movement, social and political movement with roots in Catalan nationalism that seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain. While proposals, organizations and individuals advocating for Catalan independence or the restitution of statehood for the Principality of Catalonia existed through the 18th and 19th centuries, the beginnings of the independence movement in Catalonia can be traced back to Regionalism (politics), regionalism and Catalan nationalism, nationalism from the mid–19th century, influenced by romanticism, romantic ideas widespread in Europe at the time. The first relevant organised Catalan independence party was Estat Català ("Catalan State"), founded in 1922 by Francesc Macià. In 1931, Estat Català and other parties formed Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya ("Republican Left of Catalonia", ERC). Macià proclaimed a Catalan Republic (1931), Catalan Republic within an Iberian Federation in 1931, subsequently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Self-determination Referendum
Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #13178, named "Catalan" * Catalán (crater), a lunar crater named for Miguel Ángel Catalán * Çatalan, İvrindi, a village in Balıkesir province, Turkey * Çatalan, Karaisalı, a village in Adana Province, Turkey * Catalan Bay, Gibraltar * Catalan Sea, more commonly known as the Balearic Sea * Catalan Mediterranean System, the Catalan Mountains Facilities and structures * Çatalan Bridge, Adana, Turkey * Çatalan Dam, Adana, Turkey * Catalan Batteries, Gibraltar People * Catalan, Lord of Monaco (1415–1457), Lord of Monaco from 1454 until 1457 * Alfredo Catalán (born 1968), Venezuelan politician * Alex Catalán (born 1968), Spanish filmmaker * Arnaut Catalan (1219–1253), troubador * Diego Catalán (1928–2008), Spanish philo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Catalonia
The recorded history of the lands of what today is known as Catalonia begins with the development of the Iberians, Iberian peoples while several Greek colonies were established on the coast before the Roman conquest. It was the first area of Hispania conquered by the Ancient Rome, Romans. It then came under Visigothic kingdom, Visigothic rule after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, western part of the Roman Empire. In 718, the area was occupied by the Umayyad Caliphate and became a part of Muslim ruled al-Andalus. The Frankish Empire conquered northern half of the area from the Muslims, ending with the conquest of Barcelona in 801, as part of the creation of a larger buffer zone of Christian county, counties against Islamic rule historiographically known as the ''Spanish March, Marca Hispanica''. In the 10th century the County of Barcelona became progressively independent from Frankish rule. In 1137, Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona betrothed the heiress of the King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sovereignty
Sovereignty can generally be defined as supreme authority. Sovereignty entails hierarchy within a state as well as external autonomy for states. In any state, sovereignty is assigned to the person, body or institution that has the ultimate authority over other people and to change existing laws. In political theory, sovereignty is a substantive term designating supreme legitimate authority over some polity. In international law, sovereignty is the exercise of power by a state. ''De jure'' sovereignty refers to the legal right to do so; '' de facto'' sovereignty refers to the factual ability to do so. This can become an issue of special concern upon the failure of the usual expectation that ''de jure'' and ''de facto'' sovereignty exist at the place and time of concern, and reside within the same organization. Etymology The term arises from the unattested Vulgar Latin *''superanus'' (itself a derived form of Latin ''super'' – "over") meaning "chief", "ruler". Its spellin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibarretxe Plan
The Political Statute of the Community of the Basque Country, better known as the Ibarretxe Plan was a proposal by former ''lehendakari'' Juan Jose Ibarretxe to totally reform the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country by proposing a free association of the Basque Country with Spain on an equal footing, including a right to self-determination. Inspired by Puerto Rico's status with the United States, as well as the sovereignty-association of the Parti Québécois with Canada has been cited as a reference. A debate on the plan was rejected by the Spanish Parliament and subsequently replaced by Ibarretxe's proposed Basque referendum, 2008. Forging and demise The plan was announced by the former ''lehendakari'' (the President of the Basque region) Juan Jose Ibarretxe in September 2001 in a plenary of the Basque parliament but the actual contents of the proposal were not made public until July 2003, when leaked to the press. It was officially presented on October 25, 2003. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2013 In Law
Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number) * Any of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, or 2013 Music Albums * ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * ''13'' (Blur album), 1999 * ''13'' (Borgeous album), 2016 * ''13'' (Brian Setzer album), 2006 * ''13'' (Die Ärzte album), 1998 * ''13'' (The Doors album), 1970 * ''13'' (Havoc album), 2013 * ''13'' (HLAH album), 1993 * ''13'' (Indochine album), 2017 * ''13'' (Marta Savić album), 2011 * ''13'' (Norman Westberg album), 2015 * ''13'' (Ozark Mountain Daredevils album), 1997 * ''13'' (Six Feet Under album), 2005 * ''13'' (Suicidal Tendencies album), 2013 * ''13'' (Solace album), 2003 * ''13'' (Second Coming album), 2003 * 13 (Timati album), 2013 * ''13'' (Ces Cru EP), 2012 * ''13'' (Denzel Curry EP), 2017 * ''Thirteen'' (CJ & The Satellites album), 2007 * ''Thirteen'' (Emmylou Harris album), 1986 * ''Thirteen'' (Harem Scarem album), 2014 * ''Thirteen'' (James Reyne album), 2012 * ''Thirteen'' (Megadeth album), 2011 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Law
Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #13178, named "Catalan" * Catalán (crater), a lunar crater named for Miguel Ángel Catalán * Çatalan, İvrindi, a village in Balıkesir province, Turkey * Çatalan, Karaisalı, a village in Adana Province, Turkey * Catalan Bay, Gibraltar * Catalan Sea, more commonly known as the Balearic Sea * Catalan Mediterranean System, the Catalan Mountains Facilities and structures * Çatalan Bridge, Adana, Turkey * Çatalan Dam, Adana, Turkey * Catalan Batteries, Gibraltar People * Catalan, Lord of Monaco (1415–1457), Lord of Monaco from 1454 until 1457 * Alfredo Catalán (born 1968), Venezuelan politician * Alex Catalán (born 1968), Spanish filmmaker * Arnaut Catalan (1219–1253), troubador * Diego Catalán (1928–2008), Spanish philolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
