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Cactoideae
The Cactoideae are the largest subfamily of the cactus family, Cactaceae, and are widely distributed throughout the Americas. Cactaceae is the 5th most endangered plant or animal family evaluated globally by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Around 80% of cactus species belong to this subfamily. The genera of the Cactoideae are characterized by microscopic foliage leaves. All photosynthesis occurs in shoot cortex cells covered by a persistent epidermis and stomata. Another important characteristic of this subfamily is ribbed stems, which enable the inner cortex to expand radially without breaking the shoot surface to absorb large quantities of water.Mauseth, J. D. (2006). Structure–function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. ''Annals of Botany, 98''(5), 901-926. , the internal classification of the family Cactaceae remained uncertain and subject to change. A classification incorporating many of the insights from the molecular studies was pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cactaceae
A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek word (''káktos''), a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is now not certain. Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes. They are native to the Americas, ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north, with the exception of ''Rhipsalis baccifera'', which is also found in Africa and Sri Lanka. Cacti are adapted to live in very dry environments, including the Atacama Desert, one of the driest places on Earth. Because of this, cacti show many adaptations to conserve water. For example, almost all cacti are succulents, meaning they have thickened, fleshy parts adapted to store water. Unlike many other succulents, the stem is the only part of most cacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinocereeae
The Echinocereeae are a tribe of cactus, cacti in the subfamily Cactoideae. Since 2006, the tribe has included the former tribe Pachycereeae in many treatments of cactus classification. The exact Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscription of the tribe has been subject to considerable change, particularly since Molecular phylogenetics, molecular phylogenetic approaches have been used in determining classifications, and remains uncertain. The tribe includes large treelike species, such as the saguaro (''Carnegiea gigantea''), as well as shorter shrubby species. Most members of the tribe are found in desert regions, particularly in Mexico and the southwestern United States. Description The tribe includes large treelike species, as well as shorter shrubby species. Some species can grow to be over tall, like the saguaro (''Carnegiea gigantea'') and ''Cephalocereus macrocephalus'' (syn. ''Neobuxbaumia macrocephala''). Their stems are ribbed and columnar, not divided into segments. Mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blossfeldieae
''Blossfeldia'' is a genus of cacti (family Cactaceae) containing only one species, ''Blossfeldia liliputana'', native to South America in northwestern Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca and Mendoza Provinces) and southern Bolivia ( Santa Cruz and Potosí Departments). It grows at 1,200–3,500 m altitude in the Andes, typically growing in rock crevices, and often close to waterfalls. Description It is the smallest cactus species in the world, with a mature size around 10–12 mm diameter, solitary or with many dark-green stems forming colonies in the fissures of the rocks; it does not have ribs or tubercles, nor spines. The flowers are white or rarely pink, 6–15 mm long, and 5–7 mm diameter. The genus ''Blossfeldia'' has been divided into many separate species, but most morphological evidence indicates the genus to be monotypic, and contains only ''B. liliputiana''. The flowers emerge from the apex of the stem, 0.5 to 1 cm long and 0.5 cm in d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cereeae
Cereeae is a tribe of cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae containing about 50 genera, divided in 2023 among six subtribes. Description Cereeae are tree-like or shrubby, sometimes climbing plants. Their mostly elongated to spherical, ribbed and thorny shoots are not articulated. The flowers, which usually appear on the side of the shoot, open during the day or at night. Their pericarpels usually have a few scales or are completely glabrous. The fleshy, berry-like, bursting or non-bursting fruits often have a blackening adherent flower remnant. The small to large seeds are oval. The hilum and micropyle of the seeds are fused, one appendage is absent. Taxonomy Phylogeny In classifications before the use of molecular phylogenetic methods, Cereeae was one of nine tribes into which the subfamily Cactoideae was divided. Molecular studies found that these traditional tribes were not monophyletic. A broader circumscription of Cereeae, including Browningieae and Trichocereeae and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frailea
''Frailea'' is a genus of globular to short cylindrical cacti native to South America. These species are cleistogamous. They were first classified in the genus ''Echinocactus''. Species Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ... as of October 2022: References External links * *Frailea website Cacti of South America Cactoideae genera< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stetsonia (plant)
''Stetsonia coryne'', the toothpick cactus, is the sole species in the cactus genus ''Stetsonia''. ''Stetsonia coryne'' is native to arid regions of South America, where it grows to a height of tall. It contains mescaline and other alkaloids. Description The plant is large, with tree-like growth, and can reach a height of 5 to 8 m up to 12 m. The trunk is thick and short, measuring about 40 cm in diameter, with numerous erect or somewhat bent branches. The blue-green shoots turn greenish-gray with age, are usually not jointed, and have a diameter of 9 to 10 cm. There are eight to nine blunt-edged, somewhat notched ribs that are 1 to 1.5 cm high. The spines are straight and stiff. The central spine grows 2–8 cm long and is thickened at the base, while the seven to nine spreading marginal spines grow to 3 cm long. Spines are black or yellowish-brown, although they eventually turn white with a dark tip. The plant flowers from October to April with white, funnel-shaped flow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebutiinae
The Rebutiinae are a subtribe of cactus, cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae, tribe Cereeae. A 2010 classification accepted seven or eight genera, but when Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in this way, the subtribe was not Monophyly, monophyletic. A 2023 classification reduced Rebutiinae to three genera. Description Rebutiinae are large tree-like or shrubby plants. Their columnar shoots are articulated or not articulated. The ribs are usually heavily spined. The medium to large flowers appearing on the side usually open at night. Their pericarpel has imbricated scales. The areoles have thorns or bristles. The fleshy fruits are not bursting, scaly, thorned or glabrous. The medium-sized to large seeds are often wrinkled. The hilum and micropyle of the seeds are fused, an appendage is absent, and a mucous sheath is sometimes present. Taxonomy In a 2010 classification of the tribe Cereeae, the subtribe Rebutiinae comprised seven or eight genera, depending on whether ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocereeae
The Hylocereeae are a tribe of cacti. Most are found in the tropical forests of Central and northern South America, and are climbers or epiphytes, unlike most cacti. The tribe includes between six and eight genera in different circumscriptions. The plants known as "epiphyllum hybrids" or "epiphyllums", widely grown for their flowers, are hybrids of species within this tribe, particularly '' Disocactus'', ''Pseudorhipsalis'' and '' Selenicereus'', less often '' Epiphyllum'', in spite of the common name. Description The members of the tribe are very variable in their morphology, especially when the terrestrial ''Acanthocereus'' is included. Many species form aerial roots. The hylocereoid clade (''Selenicereus'', ''Weberocereus'' and probably ''Aporocactus'') are mostly climbing or epiphytic, and have spiny ribbed stems. The phyllocactoid clade (''Epiphyllum'', ''Disocactus'', ''Kimnachia'' and ''Pseudorhipsalis'') are mainly epiphytic, and have spineless flattened leaf-like ste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraileeae
''Frailea'' is a genus of globular to short cylindrical cactus, cacti native to South America. These species are cleistogamous. They were first classified in the genus ''Echinocactus''. Species Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of October 2022: References External links * *Frailea website Frailea, Cacti of South America Cactoideae genera {{cactus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cereinae
''Cereinae'' is a subtribe of Cactus, cacti in the tribe Cereeae, subfamily Cactoideae. It is one of the six subtribes into which the tribe Cereeae was divided in 2023, the others being the monotypic Aylosterinae, Gymnocalyciinae, and Uebelmanniinae, along with Rebutiinae and Trichocereinae. Genera 14 genera were firmly included in subtribe Cereinae in a 2021 study. This included ''Stephanocereus'', treated as a synonym of ''Arrojadoa'' by Plants of the World Online . ''Espostoopsis'' was not included in the 2021 study, but was noted to have been placed in Cereinae in many previous studies, including that by Lendel in 2013. ''Serrulatocereus'' was also not included in the 2021 study. It may not be distinct from ''Cereus'' as molecular phylogenetic studies have placed it in that genus, a placement accepted by some sources. A 2023 Molecular phylogenetics, molecular phylogenetic study found that ''Stetsonia'', formerly placed in subtribe Rebutiinae, belonged in Cereinae. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micranthocereus
''Micranthocereus'' is genus of cactus. It originates from Brazil and includes about 10species. The two genera ''Austrocephalocereus'' and ''Siccobaccatus'' have been brought into synonym (taxonomy), synonymy with this genus. Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: References External links * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q139145 Micranthocereus, Cereeae genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
