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Bus Rapid Transit North
Bus Rapid Transit North is a bus rapid transit scheme introduced by the South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive in England. It consists of one route operated by First South Yorkshire between Sheffield and Rotherham. History In November 2013, the Government of the United Kingdom approved the construction of a bus rapid transit scheme between Sheffield and Rotherham via Meadowhall in South Yorkshire which included the construction of the 800 metre Blackburn Meadows Way link with that crosses the River Don and Sheffield Supertram and goes under the Tinsley Viaduct. Construction commenced in January 2014. Delays and cost overruns were encountered after asbestos and World War II munitions were encountered during construction. The Scheme was Project Managed for Carillion by Martin Black and involved the construction of an 11m high mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) wall designed in conjunction with Tensar It opened on 4 September 2016 with First South Yorkshire introduci ...
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South Yorkshire
South Yorkshire is a ceremonial county, ceremonial and metropolitan county, metropolitan county in the Yorkshire and Humber Region of England. The county has four council areas which are the cities of City of Doncaster, Doncaster and City of Sheffield, Sheffield as well as the metropolitan boroughs, boroughs of Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley, Barnsley and Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, Rotherham. In Northern England, it is on the east side of the Pennines. Part of the Peak District national park is in the county. The River Don, Yorkshire, River Don flows through most of the county, which is landlocked. The county had a population of 1.34 million in 2011. Sheffield largest urban centre in the county, it is the south west of the county. The Sheffield Urban Area, built-up area around Sheffield and Rotherham, with over half the county's population living within it, is the List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, tenth most populous in the United Kingdom. The majority of t ...
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Cost Overrun
A cost overrun, also known as a cost increase or budget overrun, involves unexpected incurred costs. When these costs are in excess of budgeted amounts due to a value engineering underestimation of the actual cost during budgeting, they are known by these terms. Cost overruns are common in infrastructure, building, and technology projects. For IT projects, a 2004 industry study by the Standish Group found an average cost overrun of 43 percent; 71 percent of projects came in over budget, exceeded time estimates, and had estimated too narrow a scope; and total waste was estimated at $55 billion per year in the US alone. Many major construction projects have incurred cost overruns; cost estimates used to decide whether important transportation infrastructure should be built can mislead grossly and systematically. Cost overrun is distinguished from cost escalation, which is an ''anticipated'' growth in a budgeted cost due to factors such as inflation. Causes Recent works by Ahi ...
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Transport In South Yorkshire
Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land (rail and road), water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport enables human trade, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Transport infrastructure consists of both fixed installations, including roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, and pipelines, and terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fueling docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for interchange of passengers and cargo and for maintenance. Means of transport are any of the different kinds of transport facilities used to carry people or cargo. They may include vehicles, riding animals, and pack animals. Vehicles may ...
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Buses Magazine
''Buses'' is a United Kingdom magazine focusing mainly on the British public bus industry. It was originally published by Ian Allan Publishing; since March 2012 it has been published by Key Publishing. History and profile ''Buses'' was published as ''Buses Illustrated'' from 1949 until 1968. The current editor is James Day. The magazine is accompanied by a yearbook published in August every year for the next year. It is published on the third Thursday of each month. A sister magazine, ''Buses Focus'', featured more in-depth articles, but was dropped after a rationalisation of the bus industry and for publishing cost reasons. Due to the continued success of ''Buses'' magazine, the publishers launched a show in 2014 called “Buses Festival”. This takes place at the British Motor Museum in Gaydon, Warwickshire Warwickshire (; abbreviated Warks) is a county in the West Midlands region of England. The county town is Warwick, and the largest town is Nuneaton. The county ...
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Doncaster Frenchgate Interchange
The Frenchgate Interchange (also known as Doncaster Interchange) is a rail and bus transport interchange located within the Frenchgate Shopping Centre in the city centre of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. It has 30 bus stands, with a large number of destinations accessible from Doncaster railway station. History Frenchgate Interchange was designed by local transport executive South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive (SYPTE) and shopping centre owners Teesland. It had received planning permission by 2001, and was intended to open in 2004 at a cost of £70 million.Debenhams to open in Doncaster
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Maltby, South Yorkshire
Maltby is a former mining town and civil parish of 16,688 inhabitants (2011) in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. It was historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It is located about east of Rotherham town centre and north-east of Sheffield city centre. It forms a continuous urban area with Hellaby, separated from the rest of Rotherham by the M18 motorway. History The place-name 'Maltby' is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as ''Maltebi''. The name means 'Malti's homestead or village'. ''Malti'' was a common Old Danish name. Maltby was for centuries a small village near a stream based around farming. Roche Abbey, on the outskirts of Maltby, was founded in 1147 by Cistercian Monks from Newminster Abbey (near Morpeth, Northumberland), and was suppressed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the reign of Henry VIII. Coal was discovered in the area in the late 19th century; the last colliery in Rotherham w ...
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Sheffield Star
''The Star'', often known as the ''Sheffield Star'', is a daily newspaper published in Sheffield, England, from Monday to Saturday each week. Originally a broadsheet, the newspaper became a tabloid in 1993. ''The Star'', the weekly ''Sheffield Telegraph'' and the '' Green 'Un'' are published by Sheffield Newspapers Ltd (owned by JPIMedia), based at The Balance in Pinfold Street in Sheffield City Centre. ''History'' ''The Star'' is marketed in South Yorkshire, North Derbyshire and North Nottinghamshire and reaches its readers through its main edition and district edition for Doncaster. The Rotherham and Barnsley district editions closed in 2008. The total average issue readership for ''The Star'' is 105,498. The newspaper which subsequently became ''The Star'' began as the ''Sheffield Evening Telegraph'', the first edition of which was published on 7 June 1887. It soon took over its only local rival, the ''Sheffield Evening Star'', and from June 1888 to December 1897 it wa ...
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Ammunition
Ammunition (informally ammo) is the material fired, scattered, dropped, or detonated from any weapon or weapon system. Ammunition is both expendable weapons (e.g., bombs, missiles, grenades, land mines) and the component parts of other weapons that create the effect on a target (e.g., bullets and warheads). The purpose of ammunition is to project a force against a selected target to have an effect (usually, but not always, lethal). An example of ammunition is the firearm cartridge, which includes all components required to deliver the weapon effect in a single package. Until the 20th century, black powder was the most common propellant used but has now been replaced in nearly all cases by modern compounds. Ammunition comes in a great range of sizes and types and is often designed to work only in specific weapons systems. However, there are internationally recognized standards for certain ammunition types (e.g., 5.56×45mm NATO) that enable their use across different wea ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, massa ...
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Asbestos
Asbestos () is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral. There are six types, all of which are composed of long and thin fibrous crystals, each fibre being composed of many microscopic "fibrils" that can be released into the atmosphere by abrasion and other processes. Inhalation of asbestos fibres can lead to various dangerous lung conditions, including mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer, so it is now notorious as a serious health and safety hazard. Archaeological studies have found evidence of asbestos being used as far back as the Stone Age to strengthen ceramic pots, but large-scale mining began at the end of the 19th century when manufacturers and builders began using asbestos for its desirable physical properties. Asbestos is an excellent electrical insulator and is highly fire-resistant, so for much of the 20th century it was very commonly used across the world as a building material, until its adverse effects on human health were more widely acknowledg ...
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Tinsley Viaduct
Tinsley Viaduct is a two-tier road bridge in Sheffield, England; it was the first of its kind in the United Kingdom. It carries the M1 and the A631 for a distance of over the Don Valley, from Tinsley to Wincobank, also crossing the Sheffield Canal, the Midland Main Line and the former South Yorkshire Railway line from Tinsley Junction to Rotherham Central. The Supertram route to Meadowhall runs below part of the viaduct on the trackbed of the South Yorkshire Railway line to Barnsley. History The lower deck of the viaduct was opened in March 1968 and the upper deck, carrying the M1, on 19 October 1968. The build cost was £6 million. The structure is unusual in that it is built as steel box girders, at a time when most long span bridges were being built of post-tensioned concrete deck design. The use of steel allowed a significant cost saving over alternative methods, but became controversial following two disasters involving steel bridges in 1970 (the West ...
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