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Binnya E Laung
Binnya E Laung ( my, ဗညားအဲလောင်, ) was heir-presumptive of Martaban from 1330 to the 1340s. The only known son of King Binnya E Law had a rival in his half-cousin Binnya U to be heir-apparent. He died of smallpox, and did not succeed his father as king. Brief Binnya E Laung was born to Prince Binnya E Law and a concubine in the 1320s. E Laung was probably born in Pegu (or less probably in Sittaung), the towns where his father was governor.Per (Pan Hla 2005: 42), E Law was governor of Sittaung and later Pegu prior to his accession as king in 1330. Given that E Laung was still young child, he was probably born in Pegu. He was a still a young child when his father brought him to the capital Martaban (Mottama).Pan Hla 2005: 42 His father had been summoned by Queen Sanda Min Hla to take over the throne. But E Law did not bring E Laung's mother, a concubine, to Martaban.According to the chronicle ''Razadarit Ayedawbon'' (Pan Hla 2005: 42), E Law did not bring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Heirs To The Burmese Thrones
This is a list of the individuals who were, at any given time, considered the next in line to succeed the Burmese monarch to inherit the throne of various Burmese kingdoms (849–1885). Those who actually succeeded at any future time are shown in bold. Pagan Kingdom Pinya Kingdom Sagaing Kingdom Ava Kingdom Ramanya Prome Kingdom Toungoo Dynasty The dates after 1582 are according to the Gregorian calendar. Konbaung Dynasty Thibaw Min was deposed and exiled in 1885. He died in exile in India in 1916. He was succeeded as head of the family by his daughter Myat Phaya (1925–1956). From 1956 to 2019, the claimant to the throne was Taw Phaya, the second son of Princess Myat Phaya Galay Princess Myat Phaya Galay ( my, မြတ်ဖုရားကလေး; 25 April 1887 – 3 March 1936) was a Burmese royal princess and senior member of the Royal House of Konbaung. She was the fourth daughter of the last ruling king of Burma, .... References Bibliography * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saw Zein
Saw Zein ( my, စောဇိတ်, ; also known as Saw Zeik and Binnya Ran De; 1303–1330) was king of Martaban from 1323 to 1330. He inherited a newly independent kingdom from his elder brother Saw O but spent much of his reign putting down rebellions. Although he regained the Mon-speaking provinces of Lower Burma, he could not recover the Tenasserim coast from Martaban's former overlord Sukhothai. Zein was assassinated in 1330 in a coup organized by Zein Pun, one of his senior commanders. Zein Pun seized the throne only to be killed a week later. Early life Chronicles provide little information about his early life. Saw Zein was born on 19 May 1303 to Princess Hnin U Yaing and Gov. Min Bala of Myaungmya.Pan Hla 2005: 41 He had two other full brothers,Pan Hla 2005: 38 and at least one half brother.Pan Hla 2005: 42 He was presumably brought up in Myaungmya, a key port in the Irrawaddy delta, where his father was governor. His whereabouts during the reign of his eldest b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binnya U
Binnya U ( mnw, ဗညာဥူ, my, ဗညားဦး, ; also known as Hsinbyushin; 1323–1384) was king of Martaban–Hanthawaddy from 1348 to 1384. His reign was marked by several internal rebellions and external conflicts. He survived the initial rebellions and an invasion by Lan Na by 1353. But from 1364 onwards, his effective rule covered only the Pegu province, albeit the most strategic and powerful of the kingdom's three provinces. Constantly plagued by poor health, U increasingly relied on his sister Maha Dewi to govern. He formally handed her all his powers in 1383 while facing an open rebellion by his eldest son Binnya Nwe, who succeeded him as King Razadarit. King Binnya U is best remembered in Burmese history as the father of King Razadarit. One enduring legacy of his reign was Pegu's (Bago's) emergence as the new power center in Lower Burma. The city would remain the capital of the Mon-speaking kingdom until the mid-16th century. Early life Born late 1323, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanthawaddy Kingdom
(Mon) ( Burmese) , conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Hongsarwatoi (Hanthawaddy) Pegu , common_name = Hongsarwatoi (Hanthawaddy) Kingdom / Ramannya (Ramam) , era = Warring states , status = Kingdom , event_pre = , date_pre = , event_start = , year_start = 1287 , date_start = 30 January , event_end = , year_end = 1552 , date_end = 12 March , event1 = Vassal of Sukhothai , date_event1 = 1287–1298, 1307–1317, 1330 , event2 = Forty Years' War , date_event2 = 1385–1424 , event3 = Golden Age , date_event3 = 1426–1534 , event4 = War with Toungoo , date_event4 = 1534–1541 , event_post = , date_post = , p1 = Pagan Kingdom , flag_p1 = , s1 = First Toungoo Empire , flag_s1 = , image_flag = Golden Hintar flag of Burma.svg , flag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Binnya E Law
Binnya E Law ( my, ဗညားအဲလော, ; 1308–1348/49) was king of Martaban from 1330 to 1348. Placed on the throne by his half-sister Queen Sanda Min Hla, this son of King Hkun Law defeated Sukhothai's invasion in 1330–1331, ending Martaban's tributary status to the Siamese kingdom. The rest of his reign was largely uneventful except for the fierce rivalry between E Law's son Binnya E Laung and Sanda Min Hla's son Binnya U. The king died soon after his son's death, and was succeeded by Binnya U. Early life Binnya E Law was a son of King Hkun Law, and a nephew of King Wareru, the dynasty's founder. He was born on 13 March 1308.(Pan Hla 2005: 44): Wednesday, 5th waning of Late Tagu 669 ME = 13 March 1308 per (Eade 1989: 106). E Law only three years old in March 1311 when his father was assassinated in a coup organized by his aunt Princess Hnin U Yaing and her husband Gov. Min Bala of Myaungmya.Pan Hla 2005: 37 The couple placed their eldest son Saw O (r. 1311� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bago, Myanmar
Bago (formerly spelt Pegu; , ), formerly known as Hanthawaddy, is a city and the capital of the Bago Region in Myanmar. It is located north-east of Yangon. Etymology The Burmese name Bago (ပဲခူး) is likely derived from the Mon language place name Bagaw ( mnw, ဗဂေါ, ). Until the Burmese government renamed English place names throughout the country in 1989, Bago was known as Pegu. Bago was formerly known as Hanthawaddy (; ; ; lit. "she who possesses the sheldrake"), the name of a Burmese-Mon kingdom. An alternative etymology from the 1947 Burmese encyclopedia derives Bago (ပဲခူး) from Wanpeku ( my, ဝမ်းပဲကူး) as a shortening of Where the Hinthawan Ducks Graze ( my, ဟင်္သာဝမ်းဘဲများ ကူးသန်းကျက်စားရာ အရပ်). This etymology relies on the non-phonetic Burmese spelling as its main reasoning. History Foundation Various Mon language chronicles report widely di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mottama
Mottama ( my, မုတ္တမမြို့, ; Muttama mnw, မုဟ်တၟံ, ; formerly Martaban) is a town in the Thaton District of Mon State, Myanmar. Located on the west bank of the Thanlwin river (Salween), on the opposite side of Mawlamyaing, Mottama was the capital of the Martaban Kingdom (later known as Hanthawaddy Kingdom) from 1287 to 1364, and an entrepôt of international repute until the mid-16th century. Etymology "Mottama" derives from the Mon language term "Mumaw" ( mnw, မုဟ်တၟံ; ), which means "rocky spur." History Prior to 15th century From the 2nd century BCE to the 15th century CE, Martaban was an important trading port. The historic Maritime Silk Road connected the East and West, and Martaban storage jars were imported through this trade route. The earliest evidence of the existence of Martaban in Myanmar history was revealed in an inscription erected by King Sithu II of the Bagan Empire in 1176. The ancient city was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theravada Buddhism
''Theravāda'' () ( si, ථේරවාදය, my, ထေရဝါဒ, th, เถรวาท, km, ថេរវាទ, lo, ເຖຣະວາດ, pi, , ) is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school's adherents, termed Theravādins, have preserved their version of Gautama Buddha's teaching or '' Buddha Dhamma'' in the Pāli Canon for over two millennia. The Pāli Canon is the most complete Buddhist canon surviving in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as the school's sacred language and ''lingua franca''.Crosby, Kate (2013), ''Theravada Buddhism: Continuity, Diversity, and Identity'', p. 2. In contrast to ''Mahāyāna'' and ''Vajrayāna'', Theravāda tends to be conservative in matters of doctrine (''pariyatti'') and monastic discipline (''vinaya''). One element of this conservatism is the fact that Theravāda rejects the authenticity of the Mahayana sutras (which appeared c. 1st century BCE onwards). Modern Theravād ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmese Honorific
Burmese names lack the serial structure of most Western names. The Burmans have no customary matronymic or patronymic system and thus there is no surname at all. In the culture of Myanmar, people can change their name at will, often with no government oversight, to reflect a change in the course of their lives. Also, many Burmese names use an honorific, given at some point in life, as an integral part of the name. Traditional and Western-style names Burmese names were originally one syllable, as in the cases of U Nu and U Thant ("U" being an honorific). In the mid-20th century, many Burmese started using two syllables, albeit without any formal structure. In the late 1890s, British scholars observed that Rakhines commonly adopted three-syllable names whereas Burmans were still using one or two at most. As they become more familiar with Western culture, Burmese people are gradually increasing the number of syllables in their children's names, by use of various structures. Tod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus) which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, making it the only human disease to be eradicated. The initial symptoms of the disease included fever and vomiting. This was followed by formation of ulcers in the mouth and a skin rash. Over a number of days, the skin rash turned into the characteristic fluid-filled blisters with a dent in the center. The bumps then scabbed over and fell off, leaving scars. The disease was spread between people or via contaminated objects. Prevention was achieved mainly through the smallpox vaccine. Once the disease had developed, certain antiviral medication may have helped. The risk of death was about 30%, with higher rates among babies. Often, those who survived had extensive scarring of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sittaung, Mon
Sittaung ( my, စစ်တောင်း, ) is a village and a historical site in Mon State, Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ..., located just north of Kyaikkatha.Moore and San Win 2014: 235 References Bibliography * {{Mon State Populated places in Mon State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanda Min Hla
Sanda Min Hla ( my, စန္ဒာမင်းလှ, ; 1300s–1363/64) was the chief queen consort of three kings of Martaban, and the real palace power behind the throne. Her murder of her second husband King Saw E, grandson of king of Sukhothai provoked an invasion from Sukhothai. Her third husband King Binnya E Law, whom she also placed on the throne, defeated the invasion. Early life She was a daughter of King Hkun Law (r. 1307–1311), and niece of the dynasty founder King Wareru (r. 1287–1307). Her personal name was Hnin An Po (; ). She had one full younger sister, Tala Shin Saw Bok, and at least one half brother, Binnya E Law.Pan Hla 2005: 42 In 1311, she lost her father who was assassinated in a coup led by Gov. Min Bala of Myaungmya, husband of her aunt Hnin U Yaing. Bala and U Yaing spared the children of Hkun Law. Nonetheless they married her off to their son (and her first cousin) Saw Zein in the late 1310s. By 1323, she had three children with Zein: Mwei Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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