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Barzani Kurds
The Barzani tribe ( ku, Eşîra Barzanî) is a term for both the Kurdish Barzani tribe and for the confederation of various neighboring tribes inhabiting Barzan in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The Barzanis are mostly Naqshbandi and one of the most influential tribes in Kurdistan. Barzanis were originally Yezidis who in 19th century converted to the Sufi or mystical form of Sunni Islam. By late 19th century, the Barzani tribe, who were led by a Barzani sheikh (hereditary local ruler), had established a local tekkeyeh and attracted support of several other Kurdish tribes. The tekkeyeh became an asylum for the aggrieved local Kurdish tribes, assisting in strengthening the authority of the Barzani sheikhdom in the region and becoming the focal point of a claim for greater regional autonomy from what was at the time the Ottoman Empire. The tribe has many Jewish members as well. Other than the Barzani tribe, the Barzani confederation consists of the Sherwani, Muzuri, Beroji, Nizari, D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurds
ug:كۇردلار Kurds ( ku, کورد ,Kurd, italic=yes, rtl=yes) or Kurdish people are an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria. There are exclaves of Kurds in Central Anatolia, Khorasan, and the Caucasus, as well as significant Kurdish diaspora communities in the cities of western Turkey (in particular Istanbul) and Western Europe (primarily in Germany). The Kurdish population is estimated to be between 30 and 45 million. Kurds speak the Kurdish languages and the Zaza–Gorani languages, which belong to the Western Iranian branch of the Iranian languages. After World War I and the defeat of the Ottoman Empire, the victorious Western allies made provision for a Kurdish state in the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres. However, that promise was broken three years later, when the Treaty of Lausanne set the boundaries of modern Turkey and made no s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muzuri (tribe)
The Muzuri مزووری; also spelled Mezuri, Missouri, Missuri, Musri, Mzuri or Mzwri) are a Kurdish tribal group inhabiting the northernmost areas of Iraqi Kurdistan. They live to the west of Margavar and (west of Lake Urmia). Muzuri is one of the oldest Kurdish tribes in Kurdistan. Muzuri tribe mentioned by Evliya Çelebi in his travelogue called the '' Seyahatname'' ("Book of Travel") in 1638, and mentioned by Mark Sykes in 1909, Also mentioned by the Kurdish historian Zaki in his book (Kurd and Kurdistan) in 1931. Mostly settled in Erbil and Dohuk provinces. Pendro Pendro or Pendru ( ku, پێندرۆ ,Pêndro, ar, بيندرو) is a village in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. In the Erbil Governorate, close to the border with Turkey, it is approximately 15–18 km to the north of Barzan. It has a populati ... is one of the largest villages inhabited by the Muzuri clan. References {{Kurdish tribes Kurdish tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rawan Barzani
Rawan Idris Barzani (born February 17, 1981) is the son of the late Kurdish leader Idris Barzani and brother of the current president of the Kurdistan region, Nechirvan Barzani. He is the commander of the First Special Forces Brigade of the Kurdistan Region. He is also the cousin brother of the prime minister of the Kurdistan Region, Masrour Barzani and the commander of the first battalion of the Kurdish special forces. Rawan Barzani played a major role in fighting and defeating ISIS terror group since the group’s rise in 2014, and oversaw a long front-line, stretching more than 100 km from Mosul Dam to Sinjar Sinjar ( ar, سنجار, Sinjār; ku, شنگال, translit=Şingal, syr, ܫܝܓܪ, Shingar) is a town in the Sinjar District of the Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq. It is located about five kilometers south of the Sinjar Mountains. Its p .... He is known for supporting and assisting those in need and has launched several initiatives in support of the youth. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Barazani
Moshe Barazani, also Barzani ( he, משה ברזני; June 14, 1926 – April 21, 1947), was an Iraqi-born Kurdish Jew and a member of Lehi ("Freedom Fighters of Israel," aka the "Stern Gang") underground movement in pre-state Mandate Palestine during the Jewish insurgency in Palestine. He is most notable for having committed suicide with a hand grenade together with Meir Feinstein, another Jewish underground fighter under sentence of death, shortly before their scheduled executions, and is memorialized in Israel today as one of the Olei Hagardom. Early life Barazani was born in Baghdad to a Kurdish Jewish family from Barzan. The family moved to Jerusalem when he was six. At an early age, he began working, initially as a carpenter's apprentice, and then in a soft drinks factory. Underground activity Barazani joined Lehi at an early age, following in the footsteps of his brother. Initially, he was a member of Lehi's youth division and posted propaganda leaflets, but later joi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asenath Barzani
Asenath Barzani (, 1590–1670), was a Kurdish Jewish female rabbinical scholar and poet who lived near Duhok, Kurdistan. Biography Family background Asenath was born into the Barzani family, a well-known Jewish family in northern Kurdistan, in 1590. Her grandfather, Netanel Halevi, was a rabbi and the leader of the Jewish community in Mosul, and considered to be a holy man in the local Jewish community and its environs. Due to the honor of his teachings, he was addressed as ''adoni'' (Hebrew, "my lord"). His son and Asenath's father, Rabbi Shemuel Barzani, a rabbi and mystic, was troubled by the status of the Torah among the Jews of Kurdistan, and by the lack of spiritual leaders and halakhic decisors. He established a number of yeshivas in Barzan, Akre, Amadiya and in Mosul, in order to cultivate wise students who could serve the public as rabbis, cantors, and kosher slaughterers. The education of such students were supported by donations from Jewish philanthrop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anfal Genocide
The Anfal campaign; ku, شاڵاوی ئەنفال or the Kurdish genocide was a counterinsurgency operation which was carried out by Ba'athist Iraq from February to September 1988, at the end of the Iran–Iraq War. The campaign targeted rural Kurds because its purpose was to eliminate Kurdish rebel groups and Arabize strategic parts of the Kirkuk Governorate. The Iraqi forces were led by Ali Hassan al-Majid, on the orders of President Saddam Hussein. The campaign's name was taken from the title of Qur'anic chapter 8 (''al-ʾanfāl''). In 1993, Human Rights Watch released a report on the Anfal campaign based on documents captured by Kurdish rebels during the 1991 uprisings in Iraq; HRW described it as a genocide and estimated between 50,000 to 100,000 deaths. Although many Iraqi Arabs reject that there were any mass killings of Kurdish civilians during Anfal, the event is an important element constituting Kurdish national identity. Background Following the Iraqi inva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic
Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic is a modern Jewish Aramaic language, often called ''Neo-Aramaic'' or '' Judeo-Aramaic''. It was originally spoken in three villages near Aqrah in Iraqi Kurdistan. The native name of the language is ''Lishanid Janan'', which means 'our language', and is similar to names used by other Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects (Lishan Didan, Lishanid Noshan). It is nearly extinct, with only about 20 elderly speakers in 2004. Classification Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic is classified as Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, and Aramaic language. Origin and use today The Jewish inhabitants of a wide area from northern Iraq, eastern Turkey and north western Iran, corresponding to the area of Kurdistan, mostly spoke various dialects of modern Aramaic. The turmoil near the end of World War I and resettlement in Israel in 1951 (when eight families from Bijil moved to the new Jewish state) led to the decline of these traditional languages. This particular and distinct dialect of Jewish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barzani (surname)
Barzani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Adham Barzani (born 1962), Iraqi Kurdish politician * Ahmed Barzani (1896–1969), head of the Barzani tribe in Northern Iraq * Asenath Barzani (1590–1670), Jewish Iraqi writer * Ayoub Barzani, Kurdish Iraqi writer and critic * Idris Barzani (1944–1987), first Kurd to ever fly a plane * Massoud Barzani (born 1946), leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, President of Iraqi Kurdistan 2005–2017, son of Mustafa Barzani * Masrour Barzani (born 1969), son of Masoud Barzani, member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party leadership * Moshe Barazani or Barzani (1926–1947), Jewish Kurdish member of ''Lehi'' (the "Stern Gang") * Mustafa Barzani (1903–1979), leader and founder of the Kurdistan Democratic Party 1946–1979 * Nechirvan Barzani (born 1966), (Prime Minister of Iraqi Kurdistan) 2012–present, nephew of Mustafa Barzani * Sirwan Barzani, Kurdish businessman and military commander * Ubaidullah Barzani (1927� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ba'athist Iraq
Ba'athist Iraq, formally the Iraqi Republic until 6 January 1992 and the Republic of Iraq thereafter, covers the History of Iraq, national history of Iraq between 1968 and 2003 under the rule of the Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction), Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. This period began with high economic growth and soaring prosperity, but ended with Iraq facing social, political, and economic stagnation. The average annual income decreased both because of external factors such as the heavy sanctions placed on Iraq by Western countries and the internal policies of the Iraqi government. President of Iraq, Iraqi President Abdul Rahman Arif and Prime Minister of Iraq, Iraqi Prime Minister Tahir Yahya were ousted during the 17 July Revolution, 17 July coup d'état led by Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr of the Ba'ath Party, which had previously held power in 1963 and was led primarily by al-Bakr—who served as its leader—and Saddam Hussein.''Saddam (name), Saddam'', pronounced , is his personal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein ( ; ar, صدام حسين, Ṣaddām Ḥusayn; 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organization, the Iraqi Ba'ath Party—which espoused Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism—Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup (later referred to as the 17 July Revolution) that brought the party to power in Iraq. As vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, and at a time when many groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government, Saddam created security forces through which he tightly controlled conflicts between the government and the armed forces. In the early 1970s, Saddam nationalised the Iraq Petroleum Company and independent banks, eventually leaving the banking system insol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RAF Iraq Command
Iraq Command was the Royal Air Force (RAF) commanded inter-service command in charge of British forces in Iraq in the 1920s and early 1930s, during the period of the British Mandate of Mesopotamia. It continued as British Forces in Iraq until 1941 when it was replaced by AHQ Iraq. It consisted of Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, British Army, Commonwealth and locally raised units, commanded by an RAF officer normally of Air Vice-Marshal rank. Origins Following the end of World War I and the accompanying British defence cuts, the new RAF took up the task of policing the Empire from the air. In May 1920 an insurgency broke out around the Euphrates and this uprising rapidly extended to a more general area. The Air Officer Commanding the Middle East dispatched an additional squadron from Egypt to Iraq. In London the Government were seeking a solution and the Army's proposal, which involved reinforcing Iraq with large numbers of personnel, was considered to be too expensive by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Barzani Revolt
Ahmed Barzani revolt refers to the first of the major Barzani revolts and the third Kurdish nationalistic insurrection in modern Iraq. The revolt began in 1931, after Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in southern Kurdistan, succeeded in unifying a number of other Kurdish tribes.''The Kurdish Minority Problem'', p.11, Dec. 1948, ORE 71-48, CIA . The ambitious Kurdish leader enlisted a number of Kurdish leaders into the revolt, including his young brother Mustafa Barzani, who became one of the most notorious commanders during this revolt. The Barzani forces were eventually overpowered by the Iraqi Army with British support, forcing the leaders of Barzan to go underground. Ahmed Barzani was later forced to flee to Turkey, where he was held in detention and then sent to exile in the south of Iraq. Although initially a tribal dispute, the involvement of the Iraqi government inadvertently led to the growth of Shaykh Ahmed and Mulla Mustafa Barzani as prominent Ku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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