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Brian Kelsey
Brian Kelsey (born December 22, 1977) is an American politician and former member of the Tennessee State Senate. A member of the Republican party, he was elected to represent District 31, which encompassed the following parts of Shelby County: Cordova, East Memphis, and Germantown. In November 2022, Kelsey pleaded guilty to violating two federal campaign finance laws in connection with his failed 2016 congressional campaign. Kelsey was pardoned by President Donald J. Trump on March 12, 2025. Early life and education Kelsey was born in 1977. He attended prekindergarten through high school on scholarship at private schools and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree with honors from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He earned his J.D. from Georgetown University. Career From 2009 to 2018, he worked at The Kelsey Firm, PLLC. Brian Kelsey was first elected as a state representative to the 104th Tennessee General Assembly (2004–2006). He served on the House ...
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Tennessee's 31st Senate District
Tennessee's 31st Senate district is one of 33 districts in the Tennessee Senate. It has been represented by Republican Party (United States), Republican Brent Taylor (Tennessee politician), Brent Taylor since 2022. During redistricting in 2022, it was drawn in a more Republican friendly part of Shelby County, Tennessee, Shelby County. Geography District 31 covers parts of Memphis, Tennessee, Memphis and its immediate suburbs to the east, including most of Germantown, Tennessee, Germantown and most of Collierville, Tennessee, Collierville, and some of unincorporated Shelby County, Tennessee, Shelby County. The district overlaps with Tennessee's Tennessee's 8th congressional district, 8th and Tennessee's 9th congressional district, 9th congressional districts. Recent election results Tennessee Senators are elected to staggered four-year terms, with odd-numbered districts holding elections in midterm years and even-numbered districts holding elections in presidential years. Resul ...
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Private Schools
A private school or independent school is a school not administered or funded by the government, unlike a public school. Private schools are schools that are not dependent upon national or local government to finance their financial endowment. Unless privately owned they typically have a board of governors and have a system of governance that ensures their independent operation. Private schools retain the right to select their students and are funded in whole or in part by charging their students for tuition, rather than relying on taxation through public (government) funding; at some private schools students may be eligible for a scholarship, lowering this tuition fee, dependent on a student's talents or abilities (e.g., sports scholarship, art scholarship, academic scholarship), need for financial aid, or tax credit scholarships that might be available. Roughly one in 10 U.S. families have chosen to enroll their children in private school for the past century. Some pr ...
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Income Tax
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Taxation rates may vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer and the type of income. The tax rate may increase as taxable income increases (referred to as graduated or progressive tax rates). The tax imposed on companies is usually known as corporate tax and is commonly levied at a flat rate. Individual income is often taxed at progressive rates where the tax rate applied to each additional unit of income increases (e.g., the first $10,000 of income taxed at 0%, the next $10,000 taxed at 1%, etc.). Most jurisdictions exempt local charitable organizations from tax. Income from investments may be taxed at different (generally lower) rates than other types of income. Credits of various sorts may be allowed that reduce tax. Some jurisdictio ...
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State Constitution (United States)
In the United States, each state has its own written constitution. They are much longer than the United States Constitution, which only contains 4,543 words. State constitutions are all longer than 8,000 words because they are more detailed regarding the day-to-day relationships between government and the people. The shortest is the Constitution of Vermont, adopted in 1793 and currently 8,295 words long. The longest was Alabama's sixth constitution, ratified in 1901, about 345,000 words long, but rewritten in 2022. Both the federal and state constitutions are organic texts: they are the fundamental blueprints for the legal and political organizations of the United States and the states, respectively. The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (part of the Bill of Rights) provides that "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." The Guarantee ...
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Uncontested Election
An uncontested election is an election in which the winning candidate did not face a serious challenger. This often entails the number of candidates being the same as or fewer than the number of places available for election, meaning that all candidates are guaranteed to be elected unless there are provisions provided for this. For example, in some election systems, absence of opposing candidates may not guarantee victory; possible factors are a quorum or minimum voter turnout; a none of the above option; or the availability of write-in candidates on the ballot. In some uncontested elections, the normal process of voters casting ballots and election official counting votes is cancelled as superfluous and costly; in other cases the election proceeds as a formality. In liberal democracies, uncontested elections are a cause for concern because many understandings of democracy, such as that of Robert Dahl, rely on the idea of voters choosing among alternatives. Preventing automatic ...
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American Legislative Exchange Council
The American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) is a nonprofit organization of conservatism in the United States, conservative state legislature (United States), state legislators and private sector representatives who draft and share Model act, model legislation for distribution among state governments in the United States. ALEC provides a forum for state legislators and private sector members to collaborate on Model act, model bills—draft legislation that members may customize and introduce for debate in their own state legislatures. ALEC has produced model bills on a broad range of issues, such as reducing regulation and individual and corporate taxation, combating illegal immigration to the United States, illegal immigration, loosening environmental regulations, tightening voter ID laws, voter identification rules, weakening Labor unions in the United States, labor unions, and opposing gun control. Some of these bills dominate legislative agendas in states that include Ariz ...
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Senate Judiciary Committee
The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, informally known as the Senate Judiciary Committee, is a Standing committee (United States Congress), standing committee of 22 U.S. senators whose role is to oversee the United States Department of Justice, Department of Justice (DOJ), consider Federal government of the United States, executive and Judiciary of the United States, judicial nominations, and review pending legislation. In addition, the Standing Rules of the Senate confer jurisdiction to the Senate Judiciary Committee in certain areas, such as considering proposed constitutional amendments and legislation related to Title 18 of the United States Code, federal criminal law, human rights law, Immigration to the United States, immigration, intellectual property, United States antitrust law, antitrust law, and internet privacy. History Established in 1816 as one of the original standing committees in the United States Senate, the Senate Committee on the Judiciary i ...
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Term Of Office
A term of office, electoral term, or parliamentary term is the length of time a person serves in a particular elected office. In many jurisdictions there is a defined limit on how long terms of office may be before the officeholder must be subject to re-election. Some jurisdictions exercise term limits, setting a maximum number of terms an individual may hold in a particular office. Terms of office by country Numbers in years unless stated otherwise. Some countries where fixed-term elections are uncommon, the legislature is almost always dissolved earlier than its expiry date. " Until removed from office" refers to offices that do not have fixed terms; in these cases, the officeholder(s) may serve indefinitely until death, abdication, resignation, retirement, or forcible removal from office (such as impeachment). In most cases where the head of government is a different person from the head of state, its term of office is identical to the chamber that elected it (the legislat ...
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Paul Stanley (legislator)
Paul Stanley (born June 1, 1962 in Savannah, Tennessee) is an American politician and a Republican Party (United States), Republican former member of the Tennessee Senate. He was elected as a state senator to the 105th Tennessee General Assembly, after having previously served in the Tennessee House of Representatives during the 102nd, 103rd, and 104th General Assemblies. Stanley represented the Tennessee's 31st Senate district, 31st district, which is part of Shelby County, Tennessee, Shelby County. During his time in office, Stanley served in leadership roles in many Republican organizations. In 1995, he was the Vice-Chair of Finance of the Shelby County Republican Party (Tennessee), Shelby County Republican Party. From 1995 to 1997, he was the State Chairman of the Tennessee Young Republican Federation. From 1997 to 1999, he was the Vice-Chairman of the Young Republican National Federation. From 1998 until 2001, he was a member of the Republican State Executive Committee. Before ...
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Resignation From The United States Senate
A member of the United States Senate can resign by writing a letter of resignation to the governor of the state that the senator represents. Under Article I, Section 3 of the Constitution of the United States, and under the Seventeenth Amendment, in case of a vacancy in the Senate resulting from resignation, the executive authority of the state (today known in every state as the governor) can make a temporary appointment to fill the vacancy if so authorized by the state legislature. A special election may follow depending on timing and state law. Whenever a senator needs to be appointed or elected, the Secretary of the Senate mails one of three forms to the state's governor to inform that person of the proper wording to certify the appointment of a new Senator. The first resignation from the Senate was that of William Paterson of New Jersey on November 13, 1790, who resigned in order to accept the office of Governor of New Jersey. His resignation was only the third time a pers ...
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Tennessee General Assembly
The Tennessee General Assembly (TNGA) is the state legislature (United States), state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is a part-time bicameral legislature consisting of a Tennessee Senate, Senate and a Tennessee House of Representatives, House of Representatives. The Speaker of the Senate carries the additional title and office of Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee. In addition to passing a budget for state government plus other legislation, the General Assembly appoints three state officers specified by the Constitution of Tennessee, state constitution. It is also the initiating body in any process to amend the state's constitution. Organization Constitutional structure According to the Tennessee State Constitution of 1870, the General Assembly is a bicameral legislature and consists of a Tennessee State Senate, Senate of thirty-three members and a Tennessee House of Representatives, House of Representatives of ninety-nine members. The representatives are elected t ...
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Georgetown University
Georgetown University is a private university, private Jesuit research university in Washington, D.C., United States. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789, it is the oldest Catholic higher education, Catholic institution of higher education in the United States, the oldest university in Washington, D.C., and the nation's first University charter#Federal, federally chartered university. The university has eleven Undergraduate education, undergraduate and Postgraduate education, graduate schools. Its main campus, located in the Georgetown (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown historic neighborhood, is on a hill above the Potomac River and identifiable by Healy Hall, a National Historic Landmark. It is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among List_of_research_universities_in_the_United_States#Universities_classified_as_"R1:_Doctoral_Universities_–_Very_high_research_activity", "R1: Doctoral Universities – V ...
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