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Blend Modes
Blend modes (alternatively blending modes or mixing modes) in digital image editing and computer graphics are used to determine how two layers are blended with each other. The default blend mode in most applications is simply to obscure the lower layer by covering it with whatever is present in the top layer (see alpha compositing); because each pixel has numerical values, there also are many other ways to blend two layers. Most graphics editing programs, such as Adobe Photoshop and GIMP, allow users to modify the basic blend modes, for example by applying different levels of opacity to the top "layer". The top "layer" is not necessarily a layer in the application; it may be applied with a painting or editing tool. The top "layer" also is called the "blend layer" and the "active layer". In the formulas shown on this page, values go from 0.0 (black) to 1.0 (white). ''Normal'' blend mode This is the standard blend mode which uses the top layer alone, without mixing its colors with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Colouring Blend Modes Demonstration
Digital usually refers to something using discrete digits, often binary digits. Businesses *Digital bank, a form of financial institution *Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) or Digital, a computer company *Digital Research (DR or DRI), a software company Computing and technology Hardware *Digital electronics, electronic circuits which operate using digital signals **Digital camera, which captures and stores digital images ***Digital versus film photography **Digital computer, a computer that handles information represented by discrete values **Digital recording, information recorded using a digital signal Socioeconomic phenomena *Digital culture, the anthropological dimension of the digital social changes *Digital divide, a form of economic and social inequality in access to or use of information and communication technologies *Digital economy, an economy based on computing and telecommunications resources *Digital rights, legal rights of access to computers or the Internet Oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portable Document Format
Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. Based on the PostScript language, each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, vector graphics, raster images and other information needed to display it. PDF has its roots in "The Camelot Project" initiated by Adobe co-founder John Warnock in 1991. PDF was standardized as ISO 32000 in 2008. The last edition as ISO 32000-2:2020 was published in December 2020. PDF files may contain a variety of content besides flat text and graphics including logical structuring elements, interactive elements such as annotations and form-fields, layers, rich media (including video content), three-dimensional objects using U3D or PRC, and various other data formats. The PDF specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lightness (color)
Lightness is a visual perception of the luminance (L) of an object. It is often judged relative to a similarly lit object. In colorimetry and color appearance models, lightness is a prediction of how an illuminated color will appear to a standard observer. While luminance is a linear measurement of light, lightness is a linear prediction of the human perception of that light. This distinction is meaningful because human vision's lightness perception is non-linear relative to light. Doubling the quantity of light does not result in a doubling in perceived lightness, only a modest increase. The symbol for perceptual lightness is usually either J as used in CIECAM02 or L^* as used in CIELAB and CIELUV. L^* ("Lstar") is not to be confused with L as used for luminance. In some color ordering systems such as Munsell, Lightness is referenced as value. Chiaroscuro and tenebrism both take advantage of dramatic contrasts of value to heighten drama in art. Artists may also employ s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Color Balance
In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors). An important goal of this adjustment is to render specific colors – particularly neutral colors like white or grey – correctly. Hence, the general method is sometimes called gray balance, neutral balance, or white balance. Color balance changes the overall mixture of colors in an image and is used for color correction. Generalized versions of color balance are used to correct colors other than neutrals or to deliberately change them for effect. White balance is one of the most common kinds of balancing, and is when colors are adjusted to make a white object (such as a piece of paper or a wall) appear white and not a shade of any other colour. Image data acquired by sensors – either photographic film, film or electronic image sensors – must be transformed from the acquired values to new values that are appropriate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inverse Function
In mathematics, the inverse function of a function (also called the inverse of ) is a function that undoes the operation of . The inverse of exists if and only if is bijective, and if it exists, is denoted by f^ . For a function f\colon X\to Y, its inverse f^\colon Y\to X admits an explicit description: it sends each element y\in Y to the unique element x\in X such that . As an example, consider the real-valued function of a real variable given by . One can think of as the function which multiplies its input by 5 then subtracts 7 from the result. To undo this, one adds 7 to the input, then divides the result by 5. Therefore, the inverse of is the function f^\colon \R\to\R defined by f^(y) = \frac . Definitions Let be a function whose domain is the set , and whose codomain is the set . Then is ''invertible'' if there exists a function from to such that g(f(x))=x for all x\in X and f(g(y))=y for all y\in Y. If is invertible, then there is exactly one functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamut Mapping
Color management is the process of ensuring consistent and accurate colors across various devices, such as monitors, printers, and cameras. It involves the use of color profiles, which are standardized descriptions of how colors should be displayed or reproduced. Color management is necessary because different devices have different color capabilities and characteristics. For example, a monitor may display colors differently than a printer can reproduce them. Without color management, the same image may appear differently on different devices, leading to inconsistencies and inaccuracies. To achieve color management, a color profile is created for each device involved in the color workflow. This profile describes the device's color capabilities and characteristics, such as its color gamut (range of colors it can display or reproduce) and color temperature. These profiles are then used to translate colors between devices, ensuring consistent and accurate color reproduction. Color ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HSL And HSV
HSL and HSV are the two most common cylindrical coordinate system, cylindrical-coordinate representations of points in an RGB color model. The two representations rearrange the geometry of RGB in an attempt to be more intuitive and color vision, perceptually relevant than the cartesian coordinate system, cartesian (cube) representation. Developed in the 1970s for computer graphics applications, HSL and HSV are used today in color tool, color pickers, in image editing software, and less commonly in image analysis and computer vision. HSL stands for ''hue'', ''saturation'', and ''lightness'', and is often also called HLS. HSV stands for ''hue'', ''saturation'', and ''value'', and is also often called HSB (''B'' for ''brightness''). A third model, common in computer vision applications, is HSI, for ''hue'', ''saturation'', and ''intensity''. However, while typically consistent, these definitions are not standardized, and any of these abbreviations might be used for any of these thre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logic Gates
A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more Binary number, binary inputs that produces a single binary output. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has, for instance, zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device (see ideal and real op-amps for comparison). The primary way of building logic gates uses diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches. Today, most logic gates are made from MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors). ''From Integrated circuit'' They can also be constructed using vacuum tubes, electromagnetic relays with relay logic, fluidic logic, pneumatics#Pneumatic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecular logic gate, molecules, acoustics, or even Analytical Engine, mechanical or thermal elements. Logic gates can be cascaded in the same way that Boolean functions can be composed, allowing the constr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aviary (application Suite)
Aviary was a photo-editing platform for iOS, Android, Windows, and the web (web application). Aviary powered numerous mobile applications, including its self-titled iOS and Android apps, and a Windows app called Photo Editor. It contained a large collection of easy-to-use editing tools such as custom photo filters, frames, graphics, and overlays. The Aviary platform also had a free SDK that provided developers with a customizable photo editor that could be embedded into apps on iOS, Android, Windows, OS X, and the web. The company was founded by Avi Muchnick, Israel Derdik and Michael Galpert in 2007 with the goal of providing professional-quality photo-editing tools to the general public. In 2009 and 2012, Aviary received millions of dollars in funding from investors such as Spark Capital and Jeff Bezos. On September 22, 2014, Aviary was acquired by Adobe Systems Adobe Inc. ( ), formerly Adobe Systems Incorporated, is an American software, computer software company based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krita
Krita ( ) is a free and open-source software, free and open-source raster graphics editor designed primarily for digital art and 2D animation. Originally created for Linux, the software also runs on Windows, macOS, Haiku (operating system), Haiku, Android (operating system), Android, and ChromeOS, and features an OpenGL-accelerated canvas, color management, colour management support, an advanced brush engine, non-destructive Layers (digital image editing), layers and masks, group-based layer management, vector artwork support, and switchable customisation profiles. The software is also available as paid software, distributed on Microsoft Store, Steam (service), Steam, Epic Games Store, and Mac App Store. The paid version has automatic update and used to support the development of the software. Name The project's name "Krita" is primarily inspired by the Swedish language, Swedish words , meaning "crayon" (or chalk), and ' which means "to draw" as well as Sanskrit कृत (kṛ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linear Dodge
This is a glossary of terms relating to computer graphics. For more general computer hardware terms, see glossary of computer hardware terms. 0–9 A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Point Compensation
Black point compensation is a technique used in digital photography printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The .... It is a method of creating adjustments between the maximum black levels of digital files and the black capabilities of various digital devices. References External links Setting Custom White Balance - Levels Part 4 - ronbigelow.com , Wayback Machine Digital photography {{photography-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
