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Bendahara Dynasty
The Bendahara dynasty (, Jawi:) is the current ruling dynasty of Pahang, Terengganu and Johor – constituent states of Malaysia. The royal house were of noble origin, holding the hereditary position of bendahara (the highest rank in Malay nobility) in the courts of Singapura, Malacca and Old Johor since at least the end of the 13th century. The ascendancy of the family as a royal house began in the late 17th century, when the last ruler of Johor from the Malacca dynasty, Mahmud Shah II died without a male heir. In 1699, the reigning bendahara at that time, Tun Abdul Jalil was proclaimed Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV of Johor, beginning the consolidation of Bendahara rule in the sultanate, with different family members holding both the titles of sultan and bendahara, and later the title of temenggong. At the same time, Pahang was established as the special province, with successive bendaharas ruling the state as their personal fief. In 1770, following the gradual dissolutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Pahang (1853 - 1887)
The flag and the coat of arms of Pahang are state symbols of Pahang, Malaysia. While adopting simpler design on its flag and arms, the state symbols remain representative towards its administration, monarchy, and economy. In addition, its arms includes elements related to local superstitions. Flag Design The current flag of Pahang was adopted in 1903. It consists of a simple horizontal bicolour flag with equally proportionate bands of white on the upper half and black on the lower half. The black represents the official colour of the ''bendahara'', which was once the administrator of the state, while the white represents the Sultan of Pahang; the white over the black symbolises Pahang as a sovereign state with a royal monarch, as well as its presence of special privileges, laws, customs and codes of conduct, and specific rights of the Sultan. Historical variants As a formerly independent state under the Federated Malay States, Pahang adopted a naval jack or ensign for use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bendahara
Bendahara ( Jawi: ) was an administrative position within classical Malay kingdoms comparable to a vizier before the intervention of European powers during the 19th century. A bendahara was appointed by a sultan and was a hereditary post with candidates selected from the male descendants of the bendahara. The bendahara and the sultan shared the same lineage. Tasks of the bendahara The closest post which is comparable to the post of the vizier as the Malay kingdoms were Islamic kingdoms. As the bendahara was the head of the nobility, the status conferred certain responsibility. The bendahara was the backbone of the Malay Sultanate. For the ancient kingdoms of Malacca and Johor, there were many tasks and responsibilities but the primary ones were: * coronation and installation of the sultan * responsibility of the welfare of the sultan * adviser to the sultan on affairs of the state based on Sharia and Adat (Prevailing norms and values) * responsibility over royal marriages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah Of Johor
Paduka Sri Sultan Abdul Rahman I Muazzam Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Syah Alam (, born Tengku Jumaat Abdul Rahman () was the 18th Sultan of Johor, Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and Pahang and their dependencies () and the first Sultan of Riau-Lingga Sultanate, Riau-Lingga and their dependencies (). Biography Early life Born in Hulu Riau (present-day Tanjungpinang) in 1780, Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was the son of the 15th Sultan of Johor, Mahmud Shah III of Johor, Mahmud Shah III and his third wife, Encik Mariam binti Dato' Hassan (died in Lingga Island, Lingga, 1831), the daughter of a Bugis nobleman of Sidenreng Rappang Regency, Sindereng, South Sulawesi. Sultan of Johor The seizure of power in the Sultanate of Johor-Riau-Lingga Sultanate, Riau-Lingga took place when Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was inaugurated as the Sultan of Johor preceding his older brother from another mother, Hussein Shah of Johor, Hussein Shah (the eldest son of Mahmud Shah III). The inaug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tun Abdul Majid Of Pahang
Sri Paduka Dato' Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Abdul Majid ibni Almarhum Dato' Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Abbas, (1718–1802) was the 21st Bendahara of the Johor Sultanate, who was believed by historians to be the first Raja Bendahara of the Pahang Kingdom that gained effective control over the principality, following the gradual dissolution of the Johor by the end of the 18th century. Bendahara rule in Pahang Little is known about Pahang in the 18th-century except that it formed part of the Johor Sultanate and was established as the seat of power for the bendahara of the sultanate. In the war against the pretender from Siak, Raja Kecil, the chieftains of Pahang supported Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV. The Bugis allies that helped restoring Bendahara dynasty rule began dominating Johorean politics shortly after the defeat of Raja Kecil. In the latter half of the century, the Bendahara in Pahang grew tired the Bugis and petitioned both the Dutch and English to help him drive them out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temenggong
Temenggong or Tumenggung ( Jawi: تمڠݢوڠ; ''Temenggung'', Hanacaraka: ꦠꦸꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ; ''Tumenggung'') is an old Malay and Javanese title of nobility, usually given to the chief of public security. Responsibilities The Temenggong is usually responsible for the safety of the monarch (raja or sultan), as well as overseeing the state police and army. A temenggong may also be assigned by his sovereign as a ruler in frontier regions, acting either as a regent or viceroy with additional development & military responsibility (comparable to European Marquess). However, a Temenggong could usurp power for themselves, as in the case in Johor. Johor In the Sultanate of Johor, the Temenggong of Muar held a fief centered in Segamat for approximately two centuries and the Temenggong of Johor was the head of the fief (Johor mainland) between 1760 and 1868. The full rendition of the Johor Temenggong was ''Temenggung Seri Maharaja''. Although the Temenggong was the head o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmud II Of Johor
Paduka Sri Sultan Mahmud Shah II ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim Shah (1675 or 1680 – 1699) was the Sultan of Johor, Pahang and Lingga (1685 – 3 September 1699). As he was young upon assuming the throne, regents oversaw the affairs of state in Johor until the death of the Bendahara, one of the two regents, in 1697. Upon assuming duties as sultan, Mahmud Shah II undermined Johor's stability due to his erratic behavior. As a result, he was murdered by members of his advisory council in 1699. His death led to a period of upheaval and chaos in the southern Strait of Malacca, as successors fought for control of the state. Life Mahmud Shah II's year of birth is uncertain. Many sources report that he was born in 1675, while other state that his birth more likely was closer to 1680. Much of this is obscured due to the circumstances of his rule and death. Mahmud Shah II became sultan in 1685, following the death of his father Ibrahim Shah, who had overseen an expansion of territor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malacca Sultanate
The Malacca Sultanate (; Jawi script: ) was a Malay sultanate based in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia. Conventional historical thesis marks as the founding year of the sultanate by King of Singapura, Parameswara, also known as Iskandar Shah, although earlier dates for its founding have been proposed. At the height of the sultanate's power in the 15th century, its capital grew into one of the most important transshipment ports of its time, with territory covering much of the Malay Peninsula, the Riau Islands and part of the central eastern coast of Sumatra in present-day Indonesia. As a bustling international trading port, Malacca emerged as a centre for Islamic learning and dissemination, and encouraged the development of the Malay language, literature and arts. It heralded the golden age of Malay sultanates in the archipelago, in which Classical Malay became the ''lingua franca'' of Maritime Southeast Asia and Jawi script became the primary medium for cultur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Singapura
The Kingdom of Singapura ( Malay: ''Kerajaan Singapura'') was a Malay kingdom thought to have been established as a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom during the early history of Singapore on its main island Temasek from 1299 until its fall sometime between 1396 and 1398. Conventional view marks as the founding year of the kingdom by Sang Nila Utama (also known as "Sri Tri Buana"), whose father is Sang Sapurba, a semi-divine figure who according to legend is the ancestor of several Malay monarchs in the Malay World. The historicity of this kingdom based on the account given in the ''Malay Annals'' is uncertain and many historians only consider its last ruler, the Muslim Parameswara (or Sri Iskandar Shah), to be a historically attested figure in his role as the first ruler of the Malacca Sultanate. Archaeological evidence from Fort Canning Hill and the nearby banks of the Singapore River has nevertheless demonstrated the existence of a thriving settlement and a trade port in the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bendahara
Bendahara ( Jawi: ) was an administrative position within classical Malay kingdoms comparable to a vizier before the intervention of European powers during the 19th century. A bendahara was appointed by a sultan and was a hereditary post with candidates selected from the male descendants of the bendahara. The bendahara and the sultan shared the same lineage. Tasks of the bendahara The closest post which is comparable to the post of the vizier as the Malay kingdoms were Islamic kingdoms. As the bendahara was the head of the nobility, the status conferred certain responsibility. The bendahara was the backbone of the Malay Sultanate. For the ancient kingdoms of Malacca and Johor, there were many tasks and responsibilities but the primary ones were: * coronation and installation of the sultan * responsibility of the welfare of the sultan * adviser to the sultan on affairs of the state based on Sharia and Adat (Prevailing norms and values) * responsibility over royal marriages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malaysia
Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two regions: Peninsular Malaysia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo. Peninsular Malaysia shares land and maritime Malaysia–Thailand border, borders with Thailand, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia; East Malaysia shares land borders with Brunei and Indonesia, and a maritime border with the Philippines and Vietnam. Kuala Lumpur is the country's national capital, List of cities and towns in Malaysia by population, largest city, and the seat of the Parliament of Malaysia, legislative branch of the Government of Malaysia, federal government, while Putrajaya is the federal administrative capi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynasty
A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family, usually in the context of a monarchy, monarchical system, but sometimes also appearing in republics. A dynasty may also be referred to as a "house", "family" or "clan", among others. Historians periodization, periodize the histories of many states and civilizations, such as the Roman Empire (27 BC – AD 1453), History of Iran, Imperial Iran (678 BC – AD 1979), Ancient Egypt (3100–30 BC), and History of China#Ancient China, Ancient and Imperial China (2070 BC – AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned. Before the 18th century, most dynasties throughout the world were traditionally reckoned patrilineality, patrilineally, such as those that followed the Franks, Frankish Salic law. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's family name. This has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawi Script
Jawi (; ; ; ) is a writing system used for writing several languages of Southeast Asia, such as Acehnese, Banjarese, Betawi, Magindanao, Malay, Mëranaw, Minangkabau, Tausūg, Ternate and many other languages in Southeast Asia. Jawi is based on the Arabic script, consisting of all 31 original Arabic letters, six letters constructed to fit phonemes native to Malay, and one additional phoneme used in foreign loanwords, but not found in Classical Arabic, which are ''ca'' ( ), ''nga'' ( ), ''pa'' ( ), ''ga'' ( ), ''va'' ( ), and ''nya'' ( ). Jawi was developed during the advent of Islam in Maritime Southeast Asia, supplanting the earlier Brahmic scripts used during Hindu-Buddhist era. The oldest evidence of Jawi writing can be found on the 14th century Terengganu Inscription Stone, a text in Classical Malay that contains a mixture of Malay, Sanskrit and Arabic vocabularies. However, the script may have used as early as the 9th century, when Peureulak Sultanate has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
