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Bangka Island
Bangka is an island lying east of Sumatra, Indonesia. It is administered under the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands, being one of its namesakes alongside the smaller island of Belitung across the Gaspar Strait. The 9th largest island in Indonesia, it had a population of 1,146,581 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,191,300.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.19) It is the location of the provincial capital of Pangkal Pinang, and is administratively divided into four regencies and a city. The island itself and the surrounding sea suffers considerable environmental damage from its thriving tin mining industry which operates on- and offshore. Geography Bangka is the largest landmass of the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. It lies just east of Sumatra, separated by the Bangka Strait; to the north lies the South China Sea, to the east, across the Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pangkal Pinang
Pangkalpinang, colloquially written as Pangkal Pinang, also known as Pin-kong in Hakka, is the capital and largest city of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in Indonesia. It is located on Bangka Island's east coast, the city is divided into seven districts (''kecamatan'') and has 42 subdistricts (''kelurahan''). It covers an area of and it had a population of 174,838 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 218,568 at the 2020 Census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 226,297.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, ''Kota Pangkalpinang Dalam Angka 2023'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1971) The city's average population density was about 2,165 per square kilometre in mid 2022. The Rangkui River divides the city into two parts, and Jalan Merdeka is its geographic center. Pangkalpinang's population consists largely of ethnic Malays and Hakka Chinese people. There are also smaller immigrant communities of other ethnic groups, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jawi Script
Jawi (; ; ; ) is a writing system used for writing several languages of Southeast Asia, such as Acehnese, Banjarese, Betawi, Magindanao, Malay, Mëranaw, Minangkabau, Tausūg, Ternate and many other languages in Southeast Asia. Jawi is based on the Arabic script, consisting of all 31 original Arabic letters, six letters constructed to fit phonemes native to Malay, and one additional phoneme used in foreign loanwords, but not found in Classical Arabic, which are ''ca'' ( ), ''nga'' ( ), ''pa'' ( ), ''ga'' ( ), ''va'' ( ), and ''nya'' ( ). Jawi was developed during the advent of Islam in Maritime Southeast Asia, supplanting the earlier Brahmic scripts used during Hindu-Buddhist era. The oldest evidence of Jawi writing can be found on the 14th century Terengganu Inscription Stone, a text in Classical Malay that contains a mixture of Malay, Sanskrit and Arabic vocabularies. However, the script may have used as early as the 9th century, when Peureulak Sultanate has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Environmental Damage
Environment most often refers to: __NOTOC__ * Natural environment, referring respectively to all living and non-living things occurring naturally and the physical and biological factors along with their chemical interactions that affect an organism or a group of organisms Other physical and cultural environments *Ecology, the branch of ethology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings *Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties. *Built environment, constructed surroundings that provide the settings for human activity, ranging from the large-scale civic surroundings to the personal places *Social environment, the culture that an individual lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact * Market environment, business term Arts, entertainment and publishing * ''Environment'' (magazine), a peer-reviewed, popular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pangkal Balam
Port of Pangkal Balam is a seaport in Pangkal Pinang, Bangka. It is the headquarters for port authorities across the island. The port sits close to the mouth of Baturusa River, it runs just north of the city. The port serves both Indonesian inter-island and international cargo and passenger services, shipping 31,754 tonnes of tin for export in 2015. While the port was designed for ships with capacities of up to 4,000 GTs GTS may refer to: Organisations * Game Technology Solutions, a Sri Lankan game development studio * Game Theory Society, a society for the promotion of research, teaching and application of game theory * GTS (company), Global Trading Systems, an A ..., silting of the river mouth has reduced its capacity and efficiency, resulting in plans to move the island's primary port elsewhere. References Ports and harbours of Indonesia Bangka Belitung Islands {{BangkaBelitung-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Belinyu
Belinyu is a town and district (''kecamatan'') of Bangka Regency, in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia. The district is located on the northern tip of Bangka Island. History By the 19th century, tin mines were already operating in Belinyu. Edward Balfour recorded that the mines in Belinyu were established by a Chinese from Palembang, referred to as Demang Ko. In 1919, steam turbines were installed in Mantung (within Belinyu) to supply electrical power to tin mining Tin mining began early in the Bronze Age, as bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Tin is a relatively rare element in the Earth's crust, with approximately 2 ppm (parts per million), compared to iron with 50,000 ppm. History Tin extraction and use ca ... operations in Bangka. Following the independence of Indonesia, the island of Bangka was subdivided into five administrative regions (''kewedanan''). Belinyu was made the seat of the North Bangka ''kewedanan'', and while the other four ''kewedanan'' eventually bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Koba, Indonesia
Koba is a sub-district in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia. Koba is located in the Central Bangka Regency on the islands of Bangka Belitong, Indonesia. Demographics The majority of the people in Koba are Hakka Chinese and Malay. Majority of Chinese are Buddhism, Catholic and Protestant. Climate Koba has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southeast Florida, United States ... (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. References Populated places in the Bangka Belitung Islands Regency seats of the Bangka Belitung Islands Districts of the Bangka Belitung Islands {{BangkaBelitung-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Toboali
Toboali () is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia. Toboali is the capital of the South Bangka Regency. Economy Significant numbers of the townspeople are employed in pepper cultivation. In the New Order era, tin mining was extensive across the province and a large number of the locals were employed either by the large tin mining corporations or by unconventional mines. The tourism sector have been growing in the recent years. Tourist destinations include a Dutch-era fortress and the city's natural beaches. In 2016, the local government for the first time held a cultural carnival, aimed to increase the number of tourists coming to the town. Demographics The majority of the people in Toboali are Hakka Chinese and Malay. Majority of Chinese are Buddhist, Catholic or Protestant. Climate Toboali has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mentok
Muntok () or, more commonly, Mentok is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung on the island of Sumatra. The capital of West Bangka Regency (''Bangka Barat''), it is the site of the biggest tin smelter on the world. Mentok refers to ''the tip of'' the island. History Mentok was founded at 1732 by Encek Wan Akub as the order of Sultan Palembang Darussalam Sri Susuhan Mahmud Badaruddin I, beginning as a small village consisting of 7 wooden houses for the royal family of Encek Wan Abdul Jabbar, father-in-law of Sultan Badaruddin I of Palembang Darussalam who was married his daughter Zamnah for his 2nd wife from Siantan Natuna. Encek Wan Akub discovered a large amount of tin ore at ''Ulim river'', south Bangka Island, on a voyage of discovery with his secret task force and reported it to Sultan Badaruddin I of Palembang Darussalam. By approval of Sultan Badaruddin I of Palembang Darussalam, Encek Wan Akub ordered his nephew, Wan Serin, to seek tin miners in Johor, Siam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sungailiat
Sungailiat, also known as Liet-kong in Hakka, is a town and district (''kecamatan'') of Bangka Regency, in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia. It is also the regency seat. It is the second-largest settlement on the island, right after the provincial capital of Pangkal Pinang. The town is located on the eastern coast of the island, about 30 kilometres north of Pangkal Pinang, to which it is connected by a paved road. The district is further divided into 13, consisting of one 'desa''/village and 12 ''kelurahan''/urban village. History The name Sungailiat is believed to derive from a toponym, using what locals call their place with an abundance of river. They once call the place Sungai Lihat, which means “seeing the river” in Malay. This name then got changed into Sungailiat so it could be easier to call. However, the original river of Sungai Lihat has been lost due to large-scale tin mining. And like its other Bangka island counterparts, its first settlers are Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tin Mines
Tin mining began early in the Bronze Age, as bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Tin is a relatively rare element in the Earth's crust, with approximately 2 ppm (parts per million), compared to iron with 50,000 ppm. History Tin extraction and use can be dated to the beginnings of the Bronze Age around 3000 BC, when it was observed that copper objects formed of polymetallic ores with different metal contents had different physical properties. The earliest bronze objects had tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore It was soon discovered that the addition of tin or arsenic to copper increased its hardness and made casting much easier, which revolutionized metal working techniques and brought humanity from the Copper Age or Chalcolithic to the Bronze Age around 3000 BC. Early tin exploitation appears to have been centered on placer deposits of cassiterite. The first evidence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
