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Austin B. Garretson
Austin Bruce Garretson (4 September 1856 – 27 February 1931) was an American labor leader who was head of the Order of Railway Conductors from 1906 to 1919. He gained national prominence in 1916 when he averted a nationwide railroad strike in exchange for an eight-hour day with time-and-a-half overtime pay. Early years Austin Bruce Garretson was born in Winterset, Iowa on 4 September 1856. His father was Nathan Garretson, a lawyer and a Quaker who firmly believed in the importance of practical skills. After Austin had been educated at the school in Osceola, Iowa his father apprenticed him as a wheelwright. He obtained a job as a brakeman on New Virginia line, later part of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. After four years Garretson became a conductor, and held this post until 1881. He then moved to Denison, Texas, where he found work with the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad. In 1884 Garretson became a member of the Lone Star Division 53 of the Order of Rail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winterset, Iowa
Winterset is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Iowa. The population was 5,353 at the time of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census. Winterset is part of the Des Moines metropolitan area. It is the birthplace of actor John Wayne. History Winterset was platted during a cool spell in the summer of 1849. The name was originally to be "Summerset", but the unseasonable coldness made the commissioners reverse this to "Winterset". On March 5, 2022, Tornado outbreak of March 5–7, 2022#Macksburg–Winterset–Norwalk–Newton, Iowa, a low-end EF4 tornado struck the areas just outside the city, killing six people. Geography Winterset is located in central Madison County at the intersection of US Route 169 and Iowa State Highway 92. Middle River (Iowa), Middle River flows past the south side of the city. It is approximately 30 miles southwest of the state capital of Des Moines, Iowa, Des Moines. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Civic Federation
The National Civic Federation (NCF) was an American economic organization founded in 1900 which brought together chosen representatives of big business and organized labor, as well as consumer advocates in an attempt to ameliorate labor disputes. It favored moderate progressive reform and sought to resolve disputes arising between industry and organized labor. History Background One of the earliest forerunners of the National Civic Federation was the Chicago Civic Federation (CCF), which was also known as the Civic Federation of Chicago, established in 1893. Ralph M. Easley, the CCF's gregarious head who wanted the NCF to "serve as a medium of sympathy and acquaintance between persons and societies who pursue various and differing vocations and objects, who differ in nationality, creed, and surrounding ndwho are unknown to each other." This federation of civic and reform leaders community took as its primary goal "to focus the new ideals of civic cooperation and social efficiency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brotherhood Of Railroad Trainmen
The Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen (BRT) was a labor organization for railroad employees founded in 1883. Originally called the Brotherhood of Railroad Brakemen, its purpose was to negotiate contracts with railroad management and to provide insurance for members. The BRT grew to become the largest brotherhood of operating railroad employees. In 1969, it merged with three other unions to form the United Transportation Union. Organization and membership The Brotherhood was organized into lodges. Its executive was elected every four years at the Grand Lodge Convention, including the president. There were four governing boards: the Board of Directors, Board of Trustees and Insurance, Board of Appeals, and Executive Board. Members in rail service included conductors and their assistants, dining car stewards, ticket collectors, train baggagemen, brakemen, and train flagmen. Member in yard service included yardmasters, yard conductors, switchtenders, foremen, flagmen, brakemen, switc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brotherhood Of Locomotive Firemen And Enginemen
The Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen (B of LF&E) was a North American railroad fraternal benefit society and trade union in the 19th and 20th centuries. The organization began in 1873 as the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen (B of LF), a mutual benefit society for workers employed as firemen for steam locomotives, before expanding its name in 1907 in acknowledgement that many of its members had been promoted to the job of railroad engineer. Gradually taking on the functions of a trade union over time, in 1969 the B of LF&E merged with three other railway labor organizations to form the United Transportation Union. Organizational history Background Early railway transportation relied upon steam engines to power railway locomotives—large coal-fired boilers which generated motive power through the manipulation of concentrated steam. These boilers required a regular input of fuel to keep the train fired up and running. It was the task of so-called locomotive fire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
