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Antei
was a after '' Gennin'' and before '' Kangi.'' This period spanned the years from December 1227 to March 1229. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 238-241 Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' pp. 226-227. Change of era * 1227 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Karoku'' 3. Events of the ''Antei'' Era * 1227 (''Antei 1, 1st month''): Fujiwara Kintsugu died at age 53. He had been Udaijin and Sadaijin.Titsingh p. 240./ref> * 1227 (''Antei 1, 2nd month''): The emperor raised Fujiwara no Nagako, the daughter of Konoe Iezane, to the rank of ''chūgū'' ( empress consort). She was somewhat older than the emperor, but he became deeply attached to her. Notes References * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). '' Nihon Odai Ic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kangi
, also romanized as Kanki, was a after ''Antei'' and before '' Joei.'' This period spanned the years from March 1229 to April 1232. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1229 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Antei'' 3. Events of the ''Kangi'' era * 1230 (''Kangi 2, 12th month''): Kujō Yoritsune is married to the daughter of Minamoto no Yoriie. She is 15 years older than he is.Titsingh p. 241./ref> * 1231 (''Kangi 3, 2nd month''): Yoritsune is raised to the second rank of the 4th class in the ''dōjō kuge''. * 1231 (''Kangi 3, 3rd month''): Yoritsune is created a general of the left. * 1231 (''Kangi 3, 4th month''): Yoritsune is raised to the first rank of the 4th class in the ''dōjō kuge''. The ''Kangi'' Famine (1229-1232) ''"Between 1229 and 1232, the Kanki famine struck. Possibly the worst famine in Japanese history, it was caused by unusually cold, damp weather related to world- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Horikawa
(March 22, 1212 – August 31, 1234) was the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1221 CE through 1232 CE. This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor Horikawa and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Horikawa". The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Horikawa, the second," or as "Horikawa II." Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was , also known as Motsihito''-shinnō''.Titsingh, p. 238. The third son of Imperial Prince Morisada (守貞親王) (Go-Takakura-in, 後高倉院), the second son of Emperor Takakura. *Empress (''Jingū''): Sanjō (Fujiwara) Ariuko (三条（藤原）有子) later Ankimon’in (安喜門院), Sanjo Kinfusa’s daughter *Empress (''Chūgū''): ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konoe Iezane
, son of Motomichi, was a court noble (''Kugyō'') of the early Kamakura period. His sons include: Takatsukasa Kanehira, and Konoe Kanetsune. In 1206 when Kujō Yoshitune died, he became the head of the Fujiwara family and Sesshō. The same year he was appointed Kampaku. In the Jōkyū War (1221) he opposed to Emperor Go-Toba, costing him the post. After the war he was reappointed Sesshō. * 1206 (''Ken'ei 1, 3rd month''): Iezane becomes regent for the emperor.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 228. * 1206 (''Ken'ei 1, 12th month''): Iezane ceases to function as ''sesshō''; and instead, he becomes '' kampaku'' (chancellor). * 1221 (''Jōkyū 3, 4th month''): Iezane loses his position as ''kampaku;'' and Kujō Michiie takes on the role of regent. * 1221 (''Jōkyū 3, 7th month''): The ''sesshō'' Michiie is replaced by Iezane. * 1221 (''Jōkyū 3''): In the winter of this year, Iezane is named '' Daijō Daijin.''Titsingh, p. 239. * 1223 (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Eras
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōsōin
The is the treasure house of Tōdai-ji Temple in Nara, Japan. The building is in the '' azekura'' ( log-cabin) style with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Great Buddha Hall. The Shōsō-in houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇)(701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (光明皇后)(701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tempyō (天平) era of Japanese history. History The construction of the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex was ordained by Emperor Shōmu as part of a national project of Buddhist temple construction. During the Tempyō period, the years during which Emperor Shōmu reigned, multiple disasters struck Japan as well as political uproar and epidemics. Because of these reasons Emperor Shōmu launched a project of provincial temples. The Tōdai-ji was appointed as the head temple of these provincial temples. Emperor Shōmu was a strong supporter of Buddhism and he thought it would strengthen his central authority as well. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gennin
''For the formerly-German town of Gennin, see Jenin, Poland'' was a after '' Jōō'' and before '' Karoku.'' This period spanned the years from November 1224 to April 1225. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1224 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Jōō'' 3. Events of the ''Gennin'' Era * 1224 (''Gennin 1''): '' Kyogyoshinsho'' was believed to have been composed in 1224; and this is also considered the year in which Jōdo Shinshū was founded.Yamamoto, Kōshō. (1955). ''The Shinshu Seiten: the Holy Scripture of Shinshu,'' p. 343. Notes References * Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia.''Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon Odai Ichiran''; ou ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'' Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and IrelandOCLC 5850691* Varley, H. Paul. (1980) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Udaijin
was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''udaijin'' in the context of a central administrative body called the ''Daijō-kan'' (Council of State). This early Daijō-kan was composed of the three ministers—the '' daijō-daijin'' (Chancellor), the ''sadaijin'' (Minister of the Left) and the ''udaijin''.Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1993)''The Cambridge History of Japan,'' p. 232./ref> The ''udaijin'' was the Junior Minister of State, overseeing all branches of the ''Daijō-kan''. He would be the deputy of the ''sadaijin''.''Shin-meikai-kokugo-jiten'', Sanseido Co., Ltd., Tokyo 1974 The post of ''udaijin'', along with the rest of the ''Daijō-kan'' structure, gradually lost power over the 10th and 11th centuries, as the Fujiwara came to dominate politics more and more. The system was essentially powerless by the end of the 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadaijin
The ''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', Kenkyusha Limited, was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''sadaijin'' in the context of a central administrative body called the ''Daijō-kan'' (Council of State). This early Daijō-kan was composed of the three ministers—the '' daijō-daijin'' (Chancellor), the ''sadaijin'' and the '' udaijin'' (Minister of the Right).Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1993)''The Cambridge History of Japan'', p. 232./ref> The ''sadaijin'' was the Senior Minister of State, overseeing all functions of government with the '' udaijin'' as his deputy.''Shin-meikai-kokugo-jiten'',Sanseido Co., Ltd. Tokyo 1974 Within the ''Daijō-kan'', the ''sadaijin'' was second only to the '' daijō-daijin'' (the Great Minister, or Chancellor of the Realm) in power and influence. Frequently, a member of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the retirement of William P. Sisler in 2017, the university appointed as Director George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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