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Adolf Von Harnack
Carl Gustav Adolf von Harnack (born Harnack; 7 May 1851 – 10 June 1930) was a Baltic German Lutheran theologian and prominent Church historian. He produced many religious publications from 1873 to 1912 (in which he is sometimes credited as Adolf Harnack). He was ennobled (with the addition of von to his name) in 1914. Harnack traced the influence of Hellenistic philosophy on early Christian writings and called on Christians to question the authenticity of doctrines that arose in the early Christian church. He rejected the historicity of the Gospel of John in favor of the Synoptic Gospels, criticized the Apostles' Creed, and promoted the Social Gospel. In the 19th century, higher criticism flourished in Germany, establishing the historical-critical method as an academic standard for interpreting the Bible and understanding the historical Jesus . Harnack's work is part of a reaction to Tübingen, and represents a reappraisal of tradition. Besides his theological ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorpat
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after the Northern European country's political and financial capital, Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 91,407 (as of 2021). It is southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of Riga, Latvia. Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus. From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat. Tartu, the largest urban centre of southern Estonia, is often considered the "intellectual capital city" of the country, especially as it is home to the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the University of Tartu (founded in 1632). Tartu also houses the Supreme Court of Estonia, the Ministry of Education and Research, the Estonian National Museum, and the oldest Estonian-language theatre, Vanemuine. It is also the birthplace of the Estonian Song Festivals. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Adams Brown
William Adams Brown (December 29, 1865 – December 15, 1943) was an American minister, professor and philanthropist. Early life Brown was born in New York City on December 29, 1865, and named after his maternal grandfather, the Rev. William Adams. He was the eldest son of John Crosby Brown and Mary Elizabeth Adams Brown. His siblings were Eliza Coe Adams, Mary Magoun Brown, James Crosby Brown, Thatcher Magoun Brown, and Amy Brighthurst Brown (1878–1960). His father was a merchant banker and partner in Brown Bros. & Co., an investment bank founded by his grandfather and grand-uncles, including George Brown and Sir William Brown, 1st Baronet. Brown graduated from St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire before attending Yale University where he received an A.B. degree in 1886, an A.M. degree in 1888 and a PhD in 1901. He also graduated from Union Theological Seminary in 1890 and was ordained in the Presbyterian Church in 1893. He also studied with Adolf von Harnack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Nelson Wieman
Henry Nelson Wieman (1884–1975) was an American philosopher and theologian. He became the most famous proponent of theocentric naturalism and the empirical method in American theology and catalyzed the emergence of religious naturalism in the latter part of the 20th century. His grandson Carl Wieman is a Nobel laureate, and his son-in-law Huston Smith was a prominent scholar in religious studies. Early life Wieman studied at Park College in Missouri, graduating in 1907. In 1910, he graduated from the San Francisco Theological Seminary and moved to Germany for two years to study at the universities in Jena and Heidelberg. There, he studied under the theologians Ernst Troeltsch and Adolf von Harnack and the philosopher Wilhelm Windelband, but they all had little impact on Wieman. Wieman moved back to the United States and spent four years as a Presbyterian pastor in California. Then, he moved to Harvard to do a doctorate in philosophy, which he received in 1917, under the tut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Scholz
Heinrich Scholz (; 17 December 1884 – 30 December 1956) was a German logician, philosopher, and Protestant theologian. He was a peer of Alan Turing who mentioned Scholz when writing with regard to the reception of " On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem":Alan Turing: " On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem." In: ''Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society'', 2nd series, vol. 42 (1937), pp. 230–265. "I have had two letters asking for reprints, one from Braithwaite at King's and one from a professor icin Germany... They seemed very much interested in the paper. ..I was disappointed by its reception here." Scholz had an extraordinary career (he was considered an outstanding scientist of national importance) but was not considered a brilliant logician, for example on the same level as Gottlob Frege or Rudolf Carnap. He provided a suitable academic environment for his students to thrive. He founded the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth Schmitz
Elisabeth Schmitz (23 August 1893 – 10 September 1977) was a German Lutheran theologian, teacher, and author of "On the Situation of German Non-Aryans", a memorandum that attempted to persuade those in the Confessing Church to stand against the persecution of Jews in 1930s Germany. She also sheltered Jews and was granted the title of "Righteous Among the Nations" in 2011 by the Commission of Yad Vashem. Early life and education Elisabeth Schmitz was born in Hanau, Germany, on 23 August 1893, to August and Clara Marie (née Bach) Schmitz. She had two older sisters. Her father was a teacher at the local high school (), She attended in nearby Frankfurt. Schmitz graduated in 1914 and her strong academic performance allowed her to pursue further education, first at University of Bonn and then, in 1915, at the (now-named) Humboldt University of Berlin. She studied history, German, and theology and completed a dissertation on Edwin von Manteuffel, a Prussian field marshal, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nathaniel Schmidt
Nathaniel Schmidt (May 22, 1862 – June 29, 1939) of Ithaca, New York, was a Swedish-American Baptist minister, Christian Hebraist, orientalist, professor, theologian, and progressive Democrat. Background Schmidt was born at Hudiksvall Municipality, in the historical province of Hälsingland, Gävleborg County, Sweden. His parents were Lars Peter Anderson and Fredericka Wilhelmina Schmidt. Taking his mother's name when he became an adult, Schmidt married Miss Ellen Alfvén, of Stockholm, Sweden on September 26, 1887. She was the daughter of Anders Alfvén and Charlotta Christina Axelson Puke. Their daughter, Dagmar A. Schmidt, Cornell Class of 1918, (Mrs. Oliver S. Wright, b. 1896), lived in Rockville Center, New York, at the time of the Schmidt's death (1939). He was an avid rower, swimmer, and hiker. He lived on Ithaca's Six Mile Creek. He received his primary and secondary education at the Hudiksvall Gymnasium, graduating in 1882. He studied scientific and linguistic stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Schmidt (Coptologist)
Carl Schmidt (26 August 1868, in Hagenow, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – 17 April 1938, in Cairo) was a German Coptologist. He made editions of various Coptic texts, and was active in Egypt in purchasing papyri for German universities. He also assisted Sir Chester Beatty in his papyri purchases. In 1887 Carl Schmidt studied classical philology, Hebrew and comparative linguistics in Leipzig. After just one year he moved to the University of Berlin. Adolf Harnack introduced him to patristics and to the history of old Christian literature. The Egyptology, Egyptologists Adolf Erman and Georg Steindorff also had an impact. Steindorff taught him the Coptic language. His doctorate was on Codex Brucianus. Harnack recognised the special abilities of Schmidt and supported his pupil as much as he could, however Schmidt's career was uncertain for a long time. In 1899 he attained the habilitation in history of Christianity with "Plotins Stellung zum Gnostizismus und kirchlichen Christent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Rittelmeyer
Friedrich Rittelmeyer (5 October 1872, Dillingen an der Donau, Bavarian Swabia – 23 March 1938, Hamburg) was a Lutheran German minister, theologian and the principal founder and first leader of The Christian Community. Rittelmeyer came to prominence in the early 20th century as a leading academic liberal theologian and priest in Germany and wrote several books that advocated a socially engaged "Christianity of deeds" (''Tatchristentum''). During the First World War he eventually became one of the most high-profile clergymen in Germany to publicly oppose the war. From the 1910s his thinking was gradually influenced by the philosopher Rudolf Steiner, and in 1922 a group of mainly Lutheran priests and theology students led by Rittelmeyer founded The Christian Community as an ecumenically oriented Christian community inspired by Steiner's writings; The Christian Community is primarily a liturgical community with only a loose creed, and for that reason rejects Christian dogmas. Rit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Pauck
Wilhelm Pauck (January 31, 1901 - September 3, 1981) was a German-American church historian and historical theologian in the field of Reformation studies whose fifty-year teaching career reached from the University of Chicago and Union Theological Seminary, to Vanderbilt and Stanford universities. His impact was extended through frequent lectures and visiting appointments in the U.S. and Europe. Pauck served as a bridge between the historical-critical study of Protestant theology at the University of Berlin and U.S. universities, seminaries, and divinity schools. Combining high critical acumen with a keen sense of the drama of human history, in his prime Pauck was considered the Dean of historical theology in the United States. In the course of his career he became associated with Reinhold Niebuhr and Paul Tillich as friend, colleague, and confidant. Biography Formative years in Germany After moving to Berlin with his family as a young boy, Pauck received a classical educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Loofs
Friedrich Loofs (19 June 1858 in Hildesheim 13 January 1928 in Halle an der Saale) was a German theologian and church historian best remembered for his studies involving the history of dogma. Biography He studied theology at the universities of Leipzig, Tübingen, and Göttingen, and received his doctorate from Leipzig in 1881. As a student, Adolf von Harnack (Leipzig) and Albrecht Ritschl (Göttingen) were important influences to his career. From 1888 to 1926 he was a professor of church history at the University of Halle, where in 1907/08 he served as rector.Loofs, Friedrich at Deutsche Biographie Concurrent with his work at the university, from 1890 to 1925, he held title of ''Consistorialrat'' in the city of |
Arthur Cushman McGiffert
Arthur Cushman McGiffert (March 4, 18611933), American theologian, was born in Sauquoit, New York, the son of a Presbyterian clergyman of Scots-Irish descent. Biography He graduated at Western Reserve College in 1882 and at Union Theological Seminary in 1885, studied in Germany (especially under Harnack) in 1885–1887, and in Italy and France in 1888, and in that year received the degree of doctor of philosophy at Marburg. He was instructor (1888-1890) and professor (1890-1893) of church history at Lane Theological Seminary, and in 1893 became Washburn professor of church history in Union theological seminary, succeeding Philip Schaff. He became the 8th president of Union Seminary in 1917. Career His published work, except occasional critical studies in philosophy, dealt with church history and the history of dogma. His best known publication is a ''History of Christianity in the Apostolic Age'' (1897). This book, which sustains critical historical eminence to this day, by its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Miller Macmillan
William Miller Macmillan (1 October 1885 in Aberdeen, Scotland – 23 October 1974 in Long Wittenham, Berkshire, England) is regarded as a founder of the liberal school of South African historiography and as a forerunner of the radical school of historiography that emerged in the 1970s. He was also a critic of colonial rule and an early advocate of self-government for colonial territories in Africa and of what became known as development aid. Early life Macmillan was born in Aberdeen, Scotland on 1 October 1885. He was the son of the Reverend John Macmillan (born Glen Urquhart, Inverness, Scotland 1831, died Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1909). His mother was Elizabeth Caird Lindsay (born Glasgow, Scotland 1845, died Cape Town, South Africa, 1927). John Macmillan served with the Free Church of Scotland mission in India and was a founder with the Reverend William Miller of the Free Church College in Madras, India, now the Madras Christian College. William Macmillan travelled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
