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Apollo (cable System)
Apollo is an Optical fiber, optical submarine communications cable system crossing the Atlantic Ocean, owned by Vodafone. It consists of 2 segments North and South, creating two fully diverse transatlantic paths. In early 2006, Level 3 Communications announced its purchase of 300 Gbit/s of capacity between Apollo North and Apollo South with an option to purchase up 300 Gbit/s of future capacity. This acquisition gives Level 3 a transatlantic path that does not pass through either London or New York City, which is desirable to carriers due to network diversity concerns. This purchase represents the single largest transaction of sub-sea capacity in history without laying new cable. Principal access points Apollo has principal access points at the following locations: ;United States * 111 8th Avenue * 60 Hudson Street * 165 Halsey Street * 2100 M Street, Washington DC * Equinix, Ashburn, Virginia, Ashburn * US cable stations in Shirley, New York and Manasquan, New Jersey ...
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Bude
Bude (, locally or ; Cornish language, Cornish ) is a seaside town in north Cornwall, England, in the civil parish of Bude-Stratton and at the mouth of the River Neet (also known locally as the River Strat). It was sometimes formerly known as Bude Haven.''Cornish Church Guide'' (1925) Truro: Blackford; p. 66 It lies southwest of Stratton, Cornwall, Stratton, south of Flexbury and Poughill, and north of Widemouth Bay, located along the A3073 road (Great Britain), A3073 road off the A39 road, A39. Bude is Twin towns and sister cities, twinned with Ergué-Gabéric in Brittany, France. Bude's coast faces Bude Bay in the Celtic Sea, part of the Atlantic Ocean. At the 2021 census, the built-up area of the town had a population of 7,342. The population of the civil parish can be found under Bude-Stratton. Its earlier importance was as a harbour, and then a source of sea sand useful for improving the inland soil. This was transported on the Bude Canal. The Victorian era, Victorians f ...
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Telecity Harbour Exchange
Equinix Inc. is an American multinational company headquartered in Redwood City, California. It specializes in internet connectivity and colocation centres, also referred to as carrier hotels. The company converted to a real estate investment trust (REIT) in January 2015. A leader in global data centers, In 2025, its operations include 260 data centers in 33 countries on five continents. Equinix is listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange with the ticker symbol EQIX. It employs about 13,000 people worldwide . History Equinix, Inc. was founded in 1998 by Al Avery and Jay Adelson, two facilities managers at Digital Equipment Corporation. The firm promoted its data center platform as a neutral place where competing networks could connect and share data traffic. The firm capitalized on the "network effect," through which each new customer would broaden the appeal of its platform. It expanded to Asia-Pacific in October 2002 and Europe in 2007, followed by Latin America in 2011, and t ...
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France–United Kingdom Relations
The historical ties between France and the United Kingdom, and the countries preceding them, are long and complex, including conquest, wars, and alliances at various points in history. The Roman era saw both areas largely conquered by Rome, whose fortifications largely remain in both countries to this day. The Norman conquest of England in 1066, followed by the long domination of the Plantagenet dynasty of French origin, decisively shaped the English language and led to early conflict between the two nations. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the Early Modern Period, France and England were often bitter rivals, with both nations' monarchs claiming control over France and France routinely allying against England with their other rival Scotland until the Union of the Crowns. The historical rivalry between the two nations was seeded in the Capetian-Plantagenet rivalry over the French holdings of the Plantagenets in France. After the French victory in the Hundred Years' W ...
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France–United States Relations
The Kingdom of France was the first country to have diplomatic ties with the new United States in 1778. The Treaty of Alliance (1778), 1778 Treaty of Alliance between the two countries and the subsequent aid provided from France proved decisive in the American victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War. France, however, was left heavily indebted after the war, which contributed to French Revolution, France's own revolution and eventual transition to a republic. The France–United States relations has remained peaceful since, with the exceptions of the Quasi-War from 1798 to 1800 and American combat against Vichy France (while supporting Free France) from 1942 to 1944 during World War II. In 1803, the United States Louisiana Purchase, purchased the Louisiana (New France), territory of Louisiana from France to acquire a total of and expand westwards. Tensions, however, rose during the American Civil War, as France Second French intervention in Mexico, intervened mili ...
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United Kingdom–United States Relations
United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two film * ''The United'' (film), an unreleased Arabic-language film Literature * ''United!'' (novel), a 1973 children's novel by Michael Hardcastle Music * United (band), Japanese thrash metal band formed in 1981 Albums * ''United'' (Commodores album), 1986 * ''United'' (Dream Evil album), 2006 * ''United'' (Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell album), 1967 * ''United'' (Marian Gold album), 1996 * ''United'' (Phoenix album), 2000 * ''United'' (Woody Shaw album), 1981 Songs * "United" (Judas Priest song), 1980 * "United" (Prince Ital Joe and Marky Mark song), 1994 * "United" (Robbie Williams song), 2000 * "United", a song by Danish duo Nik & Jay featuring Lisa Rowe * "United (Who We Are)", a song by XO-IQ, featured in the television se ...
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Submarine Communications Cables In The North Atlantic Ocean
A submarine (often shortened to sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. (It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability.) The term "submarine" is also sometimes used historically or informally to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, or to medium-sized or smaller vessels (such as the midget submarine and the wet sub). Submarines are referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships'' regardless of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built earlier, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and submarines were adopted by several navies. They were first used widely during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies, large and small. Their military uses include: attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military) or other submarines; aircraft carrier protection; blockade running; nuclear deterrence; stealth operations in denied areas when gathering intelligence and doing r ...
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The Times
''The Times'' is a British Newspaper#Daily, daily Newspaper#National, national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its modern name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper ''The Sunday Times'' (founded in 1821), are published by Times Media, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, in turn wholly owned by News Corp. ''The Times'' and ''The Sunday Times'' were founded independently and have had common ownership only since 1966. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. ''The Times'' was the first newspaper to bear that name, inspiring numerous other papers around the world. In countries where these other titles are popular, the newspaper is often referred to as or , although the newspaper is of national scope and distribution. ''The Times'' had an average daily circulation of 365,880 in March 2020; in the same period, ''The Sunday Times'' had an average weekly circulation of 647,622. The two ...
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Gabriel Pogrund
Gabriel Pogrund (born 1993 or 1994) is a journalist who is currently Whitehall editor at ''The Sunday Times''. He graduated with a BA in Geography from University College London in 2016. He won 2017 Young Journalist of the Year at the British Press Awards and in 2018 was a Stern Fellow at ''The Washington Post''. In 2020, Pogrund and Patrick Maguire published ''Left Out: The Inside Story of Labour Under Corbyn.'' In 2021, Pogrund and John Collingridge won a British Journalism Award for anti-corruption journalism for their reporting on the Greensill scandal. In 2022 he made the shortlist for the Paul Foot Award, for reporting on how Prince Charles's household had allegedly promised honours in exchange for donations to the Prince's charities. Pogrund also broke the story of BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broa ...
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Vodafone
Vodafone Group Public Limited Company () is a British Multinational company, multinational telecommunications company. Its registered office and global headquarters are in Newbury, Berkshire, England. It predominantly operates Service (economics), services in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. , Vodafone owns and operates networks in 15 countries, with partner networks in 46 further countries. Its Vodafone Global Enterprise division provides telecommunications and IT services to corporate clients in 150 countries. Vodafone has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The company has a secondary listing on the NASDAQ as American depositary receipts (ADRs). Name The name Vodafone comes from ''voice data fone'' (the latter a sensational spelling of "telephone, phone"), chosen by the company to "reflect the provision of voice and data services over mobile phones". History Racal Telecom: 1980 to 1991 In 1980, Ernest Harrison, th ...
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Europe India Gateway
Europe India Gateway (EIG) is a submarine communications cable system that connects the U.K., Portugal, Gibraltar, Monaco, France, Libya, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Djibouti, Oman, United Arab Emirates, and India. Organization and owners The EIG is approximately 15,000 kilometres long. It was initially designed to deliver up to 3.84 terabits per second but was upgraded in 2015 and 2020. The cable system was built by both Alcatel-Lucent and TE Subcom (formerly known as Tyco) and was scheduled to be completed in the second quarter of 2010. The cable cost $700 million to build, going live in 2011. The EIG was the first direct high-bandwidth optical fibre system from Britain to India. The investors in EIG was a consortium of 18 telecoms big companies, including. Cable landing points EIG has cable landing points at: * Bude, UK * Sesimbra, Portugal * Gibraltar * Marseille, France * Monaco * Tripoli, Libya * Alexandria, Egypt then overland to Suez, Egypt, then submarine again * Jeddah ...
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GLO-1
The GLO-1 ( Globacom-1) submarine communications cable is a cable system along the west coast of Africa between Nigeria and the UK, owned by Nigerian telecoms operator Globacom. The submarine cable system is 9,800 km long, and became operational in 2011 with a minimum capacity of 640 Gbit/s. A project of Globacom, Nigeria's 2nd largest telecoms provider, total capacity of the system is now advertised as 2.5 Tbit/s. The cable's link To Ghana was turned up in April, 2011. Landing points The main cable landing points are: * Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria. * Accra, Ghana * Dakar, Senegal * Nouakchott, Mauritania * Casablanca, Morocco * Sesimbra, Portugal * Vigo, Spain * Bude, UK Security breach In February 2018, ''The Sunday Times'' reported that the infrastructure for the UK landing site of the Apollo, GLO-1 and Europe India Gateway cables had been found almost entirely unprotected. Their reporter was able to reach the premises without being challenged, and found the ...
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The Sunday Times
''The Sunday Times'' is a British Sunday newspaper whose circulation makes it the largest in Britain's quality press market category. It was founded in 1821 as ''The New Observer''. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK (formerly News International), which is owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes ''The Times''. The two papers, founded separately and independently, have been under the same ownership since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981. In March 2020, ''The Sunday Times'' had a circulation of 647,622, exceeding that of its main rivals, '' The Sunday Telegraph'' and '' The Observer'', combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, ''The Sunday Times'' retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it intends to continue to do so. As of December 2019, it sold 75% more copies than its sister paper, ''The Times'', which is published from Monday to Saturday. Th ...
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