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Ampsen
Ampsen () is an estate, castle, and hamlet in the municipality of Lochem in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands. Administratively, it is part of the village of Exel. History In the year 1105, an 'Ulricus de Amsene' is mentioned as a witness in a spurious charter. From this mention one deduces that an Ampsen estate must have already existed at that time. There were two estates called Ampsen: ('Old Ampsen') and ('New Ampsen'). Ouden-Ampsen was a fief of the dukes of Guelders and has been mentioned as such in the fief registers of the Zutphen quarter since 1379. It was already a fortified house around that time because in 1389 its owner promised not to harm the Duke of Gelre and his subordinates from this house. Nieuwen-Ampsen was located next to Ouden-Ampsen and was an allodial estate until it was also made a Guelders fief in 1650. Both Ampsen houses were destroyed during the Spanish period by the Spaniards in 1605. Gerrit Jan van Nagell had the current house buil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exel, Netherlands
Exel () is a village in the municipality of Lochem in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands, in an area known as the Achterhoek. The village consists of four streets, the Oude Lochemseweg, the Exelseweg, 't Veld, and the Vossebosweg. Exel consists of a core with approximately 55 homes and 170 inhabitants and a large rural area with 700 inhabitants. The area, with a length of 6.5 km and a width of 1.5 km, is wedged between the Verwolde and Ampsen estates and borders the Ampsen forests. History Exel, called ''Eghesloe'' in 1392, was originally a hamlet, consisting of about ten farms clustered around the Ekselse Enk. The '' marke'' Exel existed from 1616 to 1852. Exel was then part of the municipality of Laren, which was merged into the municipality of Lochem in 1971. The residents of the Ampsen estate have had a major influence on the marke of Exel. The owner of the Ampsen estate was often '' markerichter'' of Exel. For example, members of the Van Nagell family, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is a human settlement that is smaller than a town or village. Its size relative to a parish can depend on the administration and region. A hamlet may be considered to be a smaller settlement or subdivision or satellite entity to a larger settlement. The word and concept of a hamlet has roots in the Anglo-Norman settlement of England, where the old French ' came to apply to small human settlements. Etymology The word comes from Anglo-Norman ', corresponding to Old French ', the diminutive of Old French ' meaning a little village. This, in turn, is a diminutive of Old French ', possibly borrowed from ( West Germanic) Franconian languages. Compare with modern French ', Dutch ', Frisian ', German ', Old English ' and Modern English ''home''. By country Afghanistan In Afghanistan, the counterpart of the hamlet is the qala ( Dari: قلعه, Pashto: کلي) meaning "fort" or "hamlet". The Afghan ''qala'' is a fortified group of houses, generally with its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huygens Institute For The History Of The Netherlands
The Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands was formed on January 1, 2011 through a merger of the Institute of Dutch History ( nl, 'Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis', ING) a research institute of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, and the Huygens Instituut of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (founded in 1808). The institute is located in Amsterdam, Netherlands, in the Spinhuis building. The institute is made up of three thematically oriented sections: one for the study of political and institutional history, one for the study of the history of science, and a third one for the study of literature. The first section dates back to 1902, when it was established as the "Commissie van Advies voor de 's Rijks Geschiedkundige Publicatien" (Advisory Commission for Publications in the History of the Empire), under the directorship of the historian Herman Theodoor Colenbrander. Huygens ING researches texts and sources from the past ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moat
A moat is a deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water, that is dug and surrounds a castle, fortification, building or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. In some places moats evolved into more extensive water defences, including natural or artificial lakes, dams and sluices. In older fortifications, such as hillforts, they are usually referred to simply as ditches, although the function is similar. In later periods, moats or water defences may be largely ornamental. They could also act as a sewer. Historical use Ancient Some of the earliest evidence of moats has been uncovered around ancient Egyptian castles. One example is at Buhen, a castle excavated in Nubia. Other evidence of ancient moats is found in the ruins of Babylon, and in reliefs from ancient Egypt, Assyria, and other cultures in the region. Evidence of early moats around settlements has been discovered in many archaeological sites throughout Southeast Asia, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Netherlands
Spanish Netherlands ( Spanish: Países Bajos Españoles; Dutch: Spaanse Nederlanden; French: Pays-Bas espagnols; German: Spanische Niederlande.) (historically in Spanish: ''Flandes'', the name "Flanders" was used as a '' pars pro toto'') was the Habsburg Netherlands ruled by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556 to 1714. They were a collection of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries held in personal union by the Spanish Crown (also called Habsburg Spain). This region comprised most of the modern states of Belgium and Luxembourg, as well as parts of northern France, the southern Netherlands, and western Germany with the capital being Brussels. The Army of Flanders was given the task of defending the territory. The Imperial fiefs of the former Burgundian Netherlands had been inherited by the Austrian House of Habsburg from the extinct House of Valois-Burgundy upon the death of Mary of Burgundy in 1482. The Seventeen Provinces formed the core of the Habs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allod
In the law of the Middle Ages and early Modern Period and especially within the Holy Roman Empire, an allod (Old Low Franconian ''allōd'' ‘fully owned estate’, from ''all'' ‘full, entire’ and ''ōd'' ‘estate’, Medieval Latin ''allodium''), also allodial land or allodium, is an estate in land over which the allodial landowner (allodiary) had full ownership and right of alienation. Description Historically holders of allods are a type of sovereign. Allodial land is described as territory or a state where the holder asserted right to the land by the grace of god and the sun. For this reason they were historically equal to other princes regardless of what the size of their territory was or what title they used. This definition is confirmed by the acclaimed Jurist Hugo Grotius, the father of international law and the concept of sovereignty. "holders of allodial land are sovereign" because allodial land is by nature free, hereditary, inherited from their forefathers, sove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zutphen
Zutphen () is a city and municipality located in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It lies some 30 km northeast of Arnhem, on the eastern bank of the river Ijssel at the point where it is joined by the Berkel. First mentioned in the 11th century, the place-name appears to mean "south fen" ( in modern Dutch). In 2005, the municipality of Zutphen was merged with the municipality of Warnsveld, retaining its name. In , the municipality had a population of . History In about 300 AD, a Germanic settlement was the first permanent town on a complex of the low river dunes. Whereas many such settlements were abandoned in the early Middle Ages, Zutphen, on its strategic confluence of IJssel and Berkel, stayed. After the incorporation of the IJssel lands in Charlemagne's Francia, Zutphen became a local centre of governance under the Count of Zutphen. The Normans raided and ravaged it in 882. Afterwards, a circular fortress was built to protect the budding town against Vik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts And Dukes Of Guelders
This article is about the rulers of the historical county and duchy of Guelders. Counts House of Wassenberg * before 1096–about 1129: Gerard I, Count of Guelders, Gerard I * about 1129–about 1131: Gerard II, Count of Guelders, Gerard II, son of Gerard I * about 1131–1182: Henry I, Count of Guelders, Henry I, son of Gerard II * 1182–1207: Otto I, Count of Guelders, Otto I, son of Henry I * 1207–1229: Gerard III, Count of Guelders, Gerard III, son of Otto I * 1229–1271: Otto II, Count of Guelders, Otto II, son of Gerard III * 1271–1318: Reginald I, Count of Guelders, Reginald I, son of Otto II * 1318–1343: Reginald II of Guelders, Reginald II, son of Reginald I Dukes House of Wassenberg During Reinoud II's reign, the county of Guelders was elevated to a duchy with the Wessenberg-Maccan. * 1318–1343: Reginald II of Guelders, Reginald II ** 1343–1344: Eleanor of Woodstock, Eleanor, wife of Reginald II, regent of Reginald III * 1343–1361: Reginald III, Duke o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fief
A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of feudal allegiance, services and/or payments. The fees were often lands, land revenue or revenue-producing real property like a watermill, held in feudal land tenure: these are typically known as fiefs or fiefdoms. However, not only land but anything of value could be held in fee, including governmental office, rights of exploitation such as hunting, fishing or felling trees, monopolies in trade, money rents and tax farms. There never did exist one feudal system, nor did there exist one type of fief. Over the ages, depending on the region, there was a broad variety of customs using the same basic legal principles in many variations. Terminology In ancient Rome, a "benefice" (from the Latin noun , meaning "benefit") was a gift of land () f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
