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Albert Lebrun
Albert François Lebrun (; 29 August 1871 – 6 March 1950) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1932 to 1940. He was the last president of the Third Republic. He was a member of the centre-right Democratic Republican Alliance (ARD). Biography Early life Born to a farming family in Mercy-le-Haut, Meurthe-et-Moselle, he attended the École Polytechnique and the École des Mines de Paris, graduating from both at the top of his class. He then became a mining engineer in Vesoul and Nancy, but left that profession at the age of 29 to enter politics. Politics Lebrun won a seat in the Chamber of Deputies in 1900 as a member of the Left Republican Party, later serving on the cabinet as Minister for the Colonies from 1912 to 1914, Minister of War in 1913 and Minister for Liberated Regions from 1917 to 1919. Joining the Democratic Alliance, he was elected to the French senate from Meurthe-et-Moselle in 1920, and served as Vice President of the Senate f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of France
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country, the position is the highest office in France. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, in addition to their relation with the prime minister and government of France, have over time differed with the various constitutional documents since the Second Republic. The president of the French Republic is the co-prince of Andorra, grand master of the Legion of Honour and of the National Order of Merit. The officeholder is also honorary proto-canon of the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome, although some have rejected the title in the past. The current president is Emmanuel Macron, who succeeded François Hollande on 14 May 2017 following the 2017 presidential election, and was inaugurated for a second term on 7 May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Jeanneney
Jules Émile Jeanneney (6 July 1864 – 27 April 1957) was a French lawyer and politician. Biograpgy Jules Jeanneney was born on 6 July 1864, in Besançon. His mother died soon after his birth, leaving his father, an auctioneer, to raise the child. Jeanneney said that he felt that his mother's death affected him greatly in later life. He studied law at the Sorbonne and practised as a lawyer. At the urging of René Waldeck-Rousseau Jeanneney entered politics in 1897 when he was elected mayor of Rioz. In 1902 he stood in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies and was elected to represent Haute-Saône. In 1909 he was elected to the Senate where he supported the Democratic Republican Alliance. He would remain a Senator until 1944. Jeanneney was elected vice-president in 1924, then he headed the important Finance committee until 1932 when he was elected President of the Senate to replace Albert Lebrun. As President of the Senate, Jeanneney led the debate on 10 July 1940 whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugène Étienne
Eugène Etienne (; 15 December 1844 – 13 May 1921) was a French politician who was a deputy from 1881 to 1919, Undersecretary of Colonies in 1887 and again from 1889 to 1892, Minister of War in 1913, and a Senator from 1920 until his death. He was known as a defender of French Algeria and a promoter of colonial expansion. Life Etienne was born in Oran, French Algeria. He was employed at the Messageries Maritimes and supported Gambetta in his election of 1869, even before the fall of the Second Empire. He was close to Émile Bouchet, a radical deputy. In 1878 he was appointed inspector of railways. In 1879, he founded a law firm with Émile Bouchet and Jules Blancsubé. He was a Member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1881 to 1919 and a Senator from 1920 to 1921. Due to a combination of his upbringing in Algeria, his mentorship by Gambetta and his own business interests, Etienne would be a committed empire builder, and during this time, he would be appointed undersecretary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Millerand
Alexandre Millerand (; – ) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1920 to 1924, having previously served as Prime Minister of France earlier in 1920. His participation in Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet at the start of the 20th century, alongside the Marquis de Galliffet, who had directed the repression of the 1871 Paris Commune, sparked a debate in the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and in the Second International about the participation of socialists in bourgeois governments. In 1912 Millerand was appointed as war minister in Poincaré's cabinet. He returned to the same post during the first year of World War I, helping set French war strategy. After Clemenceau's defeat in 1920, Millerand formed a cabinet and held both the premiership and the ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1920-1924 he served as president of France. He faced criticism for openly supporting conservative candidates in the 1924 elections and the left majority forced hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of The Armed Forces (France)
The Ministry of Armed Forces (, , ) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of managing the French Armed Forces inside and outside French territory. Its head is the Minister of the Armed Forces. From 1947 until 2017, the Ministry was designated the Ministry of Defence (). It is France's ministry of defence. Organisation Minister of the Armed Forces The head of the department is the Minister of the Armed Forces. The current officeholder has been Sébastien Lecornu since 2022. He reports directly to the President of the Republic, the Commander-in-Chief of the French Armed Forces. His mission is to organize and manage the country's Defence Policy in liaison with other departments. He is also in charge of mobilizing troops and managing the military infrastructure. He is responsible for the French Armed forces' security to Parliament. Chief of the Defence Staff The Chief of the Defence Staff (CEMA) reports directly to the Minister. He is in charge of conducting o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Besnard
René Henry Besnard (12 April 1879 – 12 March 1952) was a French politician who was a deputy for Indre-et-Loire from 1906 to 1919 and senator from 1920 to 1941. He was briefly Minister of the Colonies and then Minister of Labor and Social Welfare in 1913. He was twice Undersecretary of State for War during World War I (1914–18), and did much to reform aircraft production. He was briefly Minister of Colonies in 1917. From 1924 to 1928 Besnard was Ambassador of France to Rome. For a few days in 1930 he was Minister of War. Pre-war period (1879–1914) René Henry Besnard was born in Artannes-sur-Indre, Indre-et-Loire, on 12 April 1879. His family was from Touraine. He qualified as a doctor of Law in 1903 with the thesis on search and seizure in criminal cases, and became a lawyer. He was elected deputy for the 1st district of Tours in the national elections of 6/20 May 1906 representing a group of Republicans, Radicals and anti-clerical Radical Socialists. In 1909 he was appo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe Messimy
Adolphe Marie Messimy (; 31 January 1869 – 1 September 1935) was a French politician and general. He served as Minister of War in 1911–12 and then again for a few months during the outbreak of and first three weeks of the First World War. Having begun his career as an army officer, he returned to the Army and successfully commanded a brigade at the Battle of the Somme, and later a division. Defeated for re-election to the Chamber of Deputies in 1919, he served as an influential senator from 1923 until his death in 1935. Early and personal life Born in Lyon on 31 January 1869, Adolphe Messimy was the eldest son of notary Paul Charles Léon Messimy and Laurette Marie Anne Girodon. He married Andrée, the daughter of Victor Cornil, whom he divorced in 1921. His second marriage, in 1923, was to Marie-Louise Blanc (née Viallar), a widow. He had two children from each marriage. Tuchman described him as “an exuberant, energetic, almost violent man, with … bright peasant’s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Poincaré
Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincaré (; 20 August 1860 – 15 October 1934) was a French statesman who served as President of France from 1913 to 1920, and three times as Prime Minister of France. He was a conservative leader, primarily committed to political and social stability.J. F. V. Keiger, ''Raymond Poincaré'' (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p126 Trained in law, Poincaré was elected as a Deputy in 1887 and served in the cabinets of Dupuy and Ribot. In 1902, he co-founded the Democratic Republican Alliance, the most important centre-right party under the Third Republic, becoming prime minister in 1912 and serving as President of the Republic for 1913-20. Attempting to exercise influence from a traditionally figurehead role, he visited Russia in 1912 and 1914 to repair Franco-Russian relations which were strained by the Bosnian Crisis of 1908 and the Agadir Crisis of 1911. He likewise played an important role during July Crisis of 1914 which ultimately led to France's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Caillaux
Joseph-Marie-Auguste Caillaux (; 30 March 1863 – 22 November 1944) was a French politician of the French Third Republic, Third Republic. He was a leader of the French Radical Party and Minister of Finance, but his progressive views in opposition to the military alienated him from conservative elements. He was accused of corruption, but was cleared by a parliamentary commission. This political weakness strengthened the right wing elements in the Radical Party. Biography He was the son of Eugène Caillaux. After studying law and following lectures at the École des Sciences Politiques, he entered the civil service in 1888 as an inspector of finance, and spent most of his official career in Algiers. Standing as a Republican Party (France), Republican candidate in the elections of 1898 for the department of the Sarthe, in opposition to the Duc de la Rochefoucault-Bisaccia, he was elected to the French Chamber of Deputies, Chamber of Deputies by 12,929 votes to 11,737. He became M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Maunoury
Maurice Maunoury was a French politician who was born on the 16th of October 1863 in Alexandria (Egypt) and died on the 16 of May 1925 in Paris. He served as: *Député for Eure-et-Loir from 1910 to 1924 * Minister of the Colonies from 9 to 13 June 1914 in the Alexandre Ribot government *Minister of the Interior An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ... from 15 January 1922 to 29 March 1924 in the Raymond Poincaré government External links * 1863 births 1925 deaths Politicians from Alexandria Democratic Republican Alliance politicians Ministers of the colonies of France French interior ministers {{EureLoir-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Morel (politician)
Jean-Baptiste Morel (; 10 October 1854 – 7 February 1927) was a French politician who was twice Minister of the Colonies in the period immediately before World War I (1914–18). During the war he led an influential committee on economic warfare. Early years Jean-Baptiste Morel was born on 10 October 1854 in Nandax, Loire. He attended the Ecole supérieure de pharmacie de Paris (Pharmacy School of Paris) where he won various prizes and medals. He was elected local councilor on 28 July 1889, then Mayor of Charlieu in May 1896. He became a councilor-general of the Loire department on 9 December 1894, and later became president of the council. National politics On 8 May 1898 Morel ran for election as deputy for the Roanne constituency, and won in the first round. He was reelected in the second round of the April–May 1902 elections. He ran for election to the Senate on 7 January 1906, but was not elected. He was reelected deputy on 10 May 1906. In 1906 Morel was secretary of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of The Overseas (France)
The Minister of the Overseas () is the official in charge of the Ministry of the Overseas in the Government of the French Republic, responsible for overseeing Overseas France. The office was titled Minister of the Colonies (''Ministre des Colonies'') until 1946. The position is currently held by Manuel Valls in the government of Prime Minister François Bayrou with the title of Minister to the Prime Minister, in charge of the Overseas (''Ministre auprès du Premier ministre, chargé des Outre-mer''). He succeeded François-Noël Buffet on 23 December 2024. Officeholders Minister of the Colonies (1894–1946) Minister of the Overseas (1946–present) See also * Archives nationales d'outre-mer, Aix-en-Provence References Further reading *Robert Aldrich. Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion. Macmillan (1996) pp109–114 External links Rulers: France. Ministries, political parties, etc. from 1870: Overseas Ministers (Colonies) Rulers.orgLes M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
