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Ahamkāra
Ahamkara (Sanskrit: अहंकार; Romanized: Ahaṁkāra), "I-making," is a Sanskrit term in Hindu philosophy referring to the construction of a Self-concept, or the false identification of the self (Purusha, atman) with impermanent entities such as the body, mind, or material objects. It evolves from Mahat-tattva, and is one of the four '' Antaḥkaraṇa'' (functions of the mind). Ahamkara in the Bhagavad Gita In the Bhagavad Gita, ahamkara is presented as the ego, or the false identification of the self ( atman) with material nature, which obstructs spiritual liberation (moksha). In 3.27, Krishna warns that actions driven by ahamkara—believing “I am the doer”—bind the soul to karma: “All actions are performed by the gunas of nature, but one deluded by ahamkara thinks, ‘I am the doer.’" Easwaran notes that ahamkara fuels desires that obscure the true self, a theme evident in Krishna’s call for humility in 13.8–12, where virtues like “absence of prid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antahkarana
Antaḥkaraṇa (Sanskrit: अन्तःकरण) is a concept in Hindu philosophy, referring to the totality of the mind, including the thinking faculty, the sense of I-ness, and the discriminating faculty. Antaḥ means 'inner' and karaṇa means 'instrument', or, 'function'. Therefore, the word ''Antaḥkaraṇa'' can be understood as 'inner organ', 'inner functions', or, 'inner instrument'. Four Functions The antahkarana is composed of the four functions of the mind, namely the manas (the mind or lower mind), buddhi (the intellect or higher mind), chitta (memory, or, consciousness), and ahamkara (ego, or, I-maker). ''Antaḥkaraṇa'' has also been called the link between the middle and higher mind, the reincarnating part of the mind. In Vedāntic literature, this (''internal organ'') is organised into four parts: # ahaṃkāra (''ego'')—identifies the Atman (''self'') with the body as 'I'. The attachment or identification of the ego, also known as the 'I-maker'. # ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanskrit Language
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion, diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age#South Asia, Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a lingua franca, link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting effect on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Indo-Aryan languages# ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
I Am A Strange Loop
''I Am a Strange Loop'' is a 2007 book by Douglas Hofstadter, examining in depth the concept of a '' strange loop'' to explain the sense of "I". The concept of a ''strange loop'' was originally developed in his 1979 book ''Gödel, Escher, Bach''. Content Hofstadter had previously expressed disappointment with how ''Gödel, Escher, Bach'', which won the 1980 Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction, was received. In the preface to its 20th anniversary edition, he laments that the book was perceived as a hodgepodge of neat things with no central theme. He writes: "GEB is a very personal attempt to say how it is that animate beings can come out of inanimate matter. What is a self, and how can a self come out of stuff that is as selfless as a stone or a puddle?" Hofstadter seeks to remedy this problem in ''I Am a Strange Loop'' by focusing on and expounding the central message of ''Gödel, Escher, Bach''. He demonstrates how the properties of self-referential systems, demonstrated mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramana Maharshi
Ramana Maharshi (; ; 30 December 1879 – 14 April 1950) was an Indian Hindu Sage (philosophy), sage and ''jivanmukta'' (liberated being). He was born Venkataraman Iyer, but is mostly known by the name Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi. He was born in Tiruchuli, Tamil Nadu, India in 1879. In 1895, an attraction to the sacred hill Arunachala and the 63 Nayanmars was aroused in him, and in 1896, at the age of 16, he had a "death-experience" in which he became aware of a "current" or "force" (''avesam'') which he recognized as his true "I" or "self",David godman (7 May 2008), ''Bhagavan's death experience'' The Mountain Path, 1981, pp. 67–69. and which he later identified with "the personal God, or Ishvara, Iswara", [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svabhava
Svabhava (, svabhāva; , sabhāva; ; ; ) literally means "own-being" or "own-becoming". It is the intrinsic nature, essential nature or essence of beings. The concept and term ''svabhāva'' are frequently encountered in Hindu and Buddhist traditions such as Advaita Vedanta (e.g. in the '' Avadhūta Gītā''), Mahāyāna Buddhism (e.g. in the '' Ratnagotravibhāga''), Vaishnavism (e.g., the writings of Ramanuja) and Dzogchen (e.g. in the seventeen tantras). In the nondual Advaita Vedānta yoga text, ''Avadhūta Gītā'', Brahman (in the Upanishadic denotation) is the ''svabhāva''. In the Mahāyāna Buddhadharma tradition(s) it is one of a suite of terms employed to denote the Buddha-nature, such as "''gotra''". Hindu philosophy The term first appears in the Shvetashvatara Upanishad, as a possible first cause (''jagatkāraṇa'').Ramkrishna Bhattacharya, ''Svabhāvavada'' and the Cārvāka/Lokāyata: A Historical Overview There also seems to have been an Indian philosophical po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shadripu
In Hindu theology, ''arishadvarga'' or ''shadripu'' (; meaning the six enemies) are the six enemies of the mind, which are: ''kama'' (Desire/Lust), '' krodha'' (Anger), '' lobha'' (Greed), '' mada'' (Ego), '' moha'' (Attachment), and '' matsarya'' (Jealousy) additionally alasya (laziness). In Hinduism, these 6 traits are considered negative characteristics that prevent humans from attaining ''moksha''. Enemies of the mind These are the fundamental tenets of Kali Yuga. The more each individual fights against them, the longer ''Dharma'' will endure in this yuga. # Lust or desire for sensual pleasure – – ''Kama'' # Anger – – ''Krodha'' # Greed – – '' Lobha'' # Want/desire – – '' Moha'' # Ego – – '' Mada'' # Envy or Jealousy – – '' Matsarya'' According to Hindu scriptures-Veda, Bhagavad Gita these traits bind the soul to the cycle of birth and death and keep it confined in this material world (confines of Maya or relative existence). Especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mindstream
Mindstream (Pali: ''citta-santāna'', Sanskrit: ''citta-saṃtāna;'' Ch: ''xin xiangxu'' 心相續) in Buddhist philosophy is the moment-to-moment continuum of sense impressions and mental phenomena ( citta), which is also described as continuing from one life to another. Often described as a "stream of mind" or "mental continuum," the mindstream is not a static entity but a dynamic flow of arising and passing mental phenomena, which refers as a string of passing moments that happen either in the same lifetime or in the transitional period between one life and another.Buswell, Robert E; Lopez, Donald S. ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism,'' p. 196. Princeton University Press, Nov 24, 2013. Definition ' (Sanskrit), literally "the stream of mind", is the continuum, succession, or flow of succeeding moments of mind or awareness. Similarly, the mindstream is the ongoing flow of conscious experience, even though each individual moment of consciousness ceases as the next arises. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humility
Humility is the quality of being humble. The Oxford Dictionary, in its 1998 edition, describes humility as a low self-regard and sense of unworthiness. However, humility involves having an accurate opinion of oneself and expressing oneself modestly as situations demand, with clear goal orientation, openness, broad-mindedness, and a non-imposing mentality. In a religious context, humility can mean a recognition of self about a deity (i.e. God) and subsequent submission to that deity as a religious member. Outside of a religious context, humility is defined as being "unselved"—liberated from the consciousness of self—a form of temperance that is neither having pride (or haughtiness) nor indulging in self-deprecation. Humility refers to a proper sense of self-regard. In contrast, humiliation involves the external imposition of shame on a person. Humility may be misinterpreted as the capacity to endure humiliation through self-denigration. This misconception arises from the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egolessness
Ego death is a "complete loss of subjective self-identity". The term is used in various intertwined contexts, with related meanings. The 19th-century philosopher and psychologist William James uses the synonymous term "self-surrender", and Jungian psychology uses the synonymous term psychic death, referring to a fundamental transformation of the psyche. In death and rebirth mythology, ego death is a phase of self-surrender and transition, as described later by Joseph Campbell in his research on the mythology of the Hero's Journey. It is a recurrent theme in world mythology and is also used as a metaphor in some strands of contemporary western thinking. In descriptions of drugs, the term is used synonymously with ego-loss to refer to (temporary) loss of one's sense of self due to the use of drugs. The term was used as such by Timothy Leary ''et al.'' to describe the death of the ego in the first phase of an LSD trip, in which a "complete transcendence" of the self occurs. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
