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6rd
6rd is a mechanism to facilitate IPv6 rapid deployment across IPv4 infrastructures of Internet service providers (ISPs). It is derived from 6to4, a preexisting mechanism to transfer IPv6 packets over the IPv4 network, with the significant change that it operates entirely within the end-user's ISP's network, thus avoiding the major architectural problems inherent in the original design of 6to4. The name 6rd is a reference to both the rapid deployments of IPv6 it makes possible and, informally, the initials (RD) of its inventor, Rémi Després. A description of 6rd principles and of how they were first used by Free is published in RFC 5569.RFC 5569 IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) The detailed 6rd specification prepared for standardization in the IETF is available as RFC 5969.RFC 5969 IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) -- Protocol Specification History In November 2007, Rémi Després — who was one of the creators of the Transpac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPv6 Deployment
Deployment of the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), the latest generation of the Internet Protocol, has been in progress since the mid-2000s. IPv6 was designed as a replacement for IPv4. IPv4 has been in use since 1982, and is in the final stages of exhausting its unallocated address space, but still carries most Internet traffic. Google's statistics show IPv6 availability of its users at around 37–41% depending on the day of the week (greater on weekends). Adoption is uneven across countries and Internet service providers. Many countries have 0% use while a few have over 50% use, such as India and Germany. In November 2016, 1,491 (98.2%) of the 1,519 top-level domains (TLDs) in the Internet supported IPv6 to access their domain name servers, and 1,485 (97.8%) zones contained IPv6 glue records, and approximately 9.0 million domains (4.6%) had IPv6 address records in their zones. Of all networks in the global BGP routing table, 29.2% had IPv6 protocol support. By 2011, all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rémi Després
Rémi Després (born January 16, 1943) is a French engineer and entrepreneur known for his contributions on data networking. Education In 1961–1963, Rémi Després attended École Polytechnique of Paris, of which he holds an Engineer degree. At UC Berkeley, he received a master's degree in 1967, and a Ph.D degree in 1969, both in the EECS Department. Career From 1963 to 1971 at CNET and UC Berkeley, he specialized in programming languages and time-sharing operating systems. From 1971 to 1980, Rémi Després was in charge of R&D of the French PTT on packet switching. He was one of the leading "innovators who worked across the boundaries of computers and communications" in the 1970s. As such, he introduced the concept of graceful "saturated operation", which was referenced by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf in their seminal 1974 paper on internetworking, ''"A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication".'' He named and formalized the concept of virtual circuits and, with his tea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free (ISP)
Free is a French telecommunications company, subsidiary of Iliad that provides voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications to consumers in France. Its head office is in the 8th arrondissement of Paris and it is the second-largest ISP in France. Free provides ISP services in France and in the 30 OECD countries. It was the first company to offer a " triple play" service in France through its self-produced singular Freebox set-top box, claiming to have invented the '' box'' marketing concept in France in reference to all the other French ISPs who thereafter released "triple play" modems named to include the anglicism ''box'' as a suffix. These ''boxes'' provide comprehensive telecommunication services such as high-speed internet, telephone and digital television packages, leading Free to become the world's number one IPTV provider offering almost systematically IPTV to subscribers and optimizing it to be available on most landlines. Developing its own 3G and 4G networks, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6to4
6to4 is an Internet transition mechanism for migrating from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to version 6 (IPv6) and a system that allows IPv6 packets to be transmitted over an IPv4 network (generally the IPv4 Internet) without the need to configure explicit tunnels. Special relay servers are also in place that allow 6to4 networks to communicate with native IPv6 networks. - Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds 6to4 is especially relevant during the initial phases of deployment to full, native IPv6 connectivity, since IPv6 is not required on nodes between the host and the destination. However, it is intended only as a transition mechanism and is not meant to be used permanently. 6to4 may be used by an individual host, or by a local IPv6 network. When used by a host, it must have a global IPv4 address connected, and the host is responsible for encapsulation of outgoing IPv6 packets and decapsulation of incoming 6to4 packets. If the host is configured to forward packet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CenturyLink
Lumen Technologies, Inc. (formerly CenturyLink) is an American telecommunications company headquartered in Monroe, Louisiana, that offers communications, network services, security, cloud solutions, voice, and managed services. The company is a member of the S&P 500 index and the Fortune 500. Its communications services include local and long-distance voice, broadband, Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), private line (including special access), Ethernet, hosting (including cloud hosting and managed hosting), data integration, video, network, public access, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), information technology, and other ancillary services. Lumen also serves global enterprise customers across North America, Latin America, EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa), and Asia Pacific. History The earliest predecessor of Lumen was the Oak Ridge Telephone Company in Oak Ridge, Louisiana, which was owned by F. E. Hogan, Sr. In 1930, Hogan sold the company, with 75 paid subsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SoftBank
is a Japanese multinational conglomerate holding company headquartered in Minato, Tokyo which focuses on investment management. The Group primarily invests in companies operating in technology, energy, and financial sectors. It also runs the Vision Fund, the world's largest technology-focused venture capital fund, with over $100 billion in capital. Fund investors include sovereign wealth funds from countries in the Middle East. The company is known for the leadership of its controversial founder and largest shareholder Masayoshi Son. It operates in broadband, fixed-line telecommunications, e-commerce, information technology, finance, media and marketing, and other areas. SoftBank Corporation, its spun-out affiliate and former flagship business, is the third-largest wireless carrier in Japan, with 45.621 million subscribers as of March 2021. SoftBank was ranked in the 2017 Forbes Global 2000 list as the 36th largest public company in the world and the second-largest publicly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swisscom
Swisscom AG is a major telecommunications provider in Switzerland. Its headquarters are located in Ittigen near Bern. The Swiss government owns 51.0 percent of Swisscom AG. According to its own published data, Swisscom holds a market share of 56% for mobile, 50% for broadband and 37% for TV telecommunication in Switzerland. Its Italian subsidiary Fastweb is attributed 16% of private clients and 29% of corporate clients share of Italian broadband and is also active in the mobile market. The Swiss telegraph network was first set up in 1852, followed by telephones in 1877. The two networks were combined with the postal service in 1920 to form Postal Telegraph and Telephone (PTT). The Swiss telecommunications market was deregulated in 1997. Telecom PTT was spun off and rebranded Swisscom ahead of a partial privatisation in 1997. The present-day Swisscom owns the protected brand NATEL, which is used and known only in Switzerland. In 2001, 25% of Swisscom Mobile was sold to Vod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telfort
Telfort was a brand of Dutch mobile telecommunication company KPN. It operated a GSM mobile telecommunications service in the Netherlands. It marketed itself as being the cheapest option available, and went to some lengths to give the appearance of being a no frills operator. The company was formed in 1997 as a joint venture between British Telecommunications (BT) and Nederlandse Spoorwegen (Dutch Railways). In 2000, BT bought out Nederlandse Spoorwegen's shareholding. The group became part of the BT Wireless business and after its spin-off as mmO2, became known as O2 Netherlands. However, in 2003, O2 sold the company to Greenfield Capital Partners. It then reverted to the Telfort name. In July 2005 Telfort was sold to telephone company KPN. In October 2007, KPN, which had bought the Dutch operations of Tiscali some months earlier, rebranded Tiscali's Internet services as Telfort Internet. It has, since then, expanded its operations to include fixed phone lines and digita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EuroDOCSIS
Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-bandwidth data transfer to an existing cable television (CATV) system. It is used by many cable television operators to provide cable Internet access over their existing hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) infrastructure. History DOCSIS was originally developed by CableLabs and contributing companies, including Arris, BigBand Networks, Broadcom, Cisco, Comcast, Conexant, Correlant, Cox, Harmonic, Intel, Motorola, Netgear, Terayon, Time Warner Cable, and Texas Instruments. Versions ; : Released in March 1997, DOCSIS 1.0 included functional elements from preceding proprietary cable modems. ; : Released in April 1999, DOCSIS 1.1 standardized quality of service (QoS) mechanisms that were outlined in DOCSIS 1.0. ; (abbreviated D2) : Released in December 2001, DOCSIS 2.0 enhanced upstream data rates in response to increased demand for symmetr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
