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2021 Russian Election Protests
The 2021 Russian election protests, also known as the "For Fair Elections" protests, began in September 2021 due to alleged large-scale electoral fraud of the 2021 Russian legislative election. Chronology On the night of September 20, the day after the end of the 2021 Russian legislative election, Valery Rashkin, the head of the Moscow City Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), organized a protest against fraud in the format of a meeting with a deputy. At least 200 people took part in the action, including the losing opposition candidates Mikhail Lobanov, Denis Parfenov, Sergei Obukhov, Mikhail Tarantsov, and Marina Litvinovich; the latter also made slogans in support of Alexey Navalny, who is in prison. Rashkin promised that street actions would take place every week until the results of remote electronic voting are canceled. On 25 September, protests continued in Moscow, Saratov, Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Volgograd, and other cities of the country. ...
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Opposition To Vladimir Putin In Russia
Opposition to the government of President Vladimir Putin in Russia can be divided between the parliamentary opposition parties in the State Duma and the various non-systemic opposition organizations. While the former are largely viewed as being more or less loyal to the government and Putin, the latter oppose the government and are mostly unrepresented in government bodies. The "systemic opposition" is mainly composed by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF), the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR), A Just Russia — For Truth (SRZP), New People and other minor parties; these political groups, while theoretically claiming to be in opposition, generally support the government's policies. Major political parties considered to be part of the non-systemic opposition include Yabloko and the People's Freedom Party (PARNAS), along with the unregistered party Russia of the Future and Libertarian Party of Russia (LPR). Other notable opposition groups included t ...
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Movement In Support Of The Army
The Movement in Support of the Army, Defense Industry and Military Science (russian: Движение в поддержку армии, оборонной промышленности и военной науки), or simply Movement in Support of the Army (russian: Движение в поддержку армии, Dvizheniye v podderzhku armii, DPA) is a Russian radical nationalist political movement established in 1997. The group was founded by Lev Rokhlin, who was killed in July 1998, and then run by Viktor Ilyukhin and Albert Makashov. As one commentator noted, "By December 1999, the DPA was little more than a mouthpiece for its two leaders' rabid anti-Semitism and it scored close to nil in the elections." In 1999, the group announced a "green and red" alliance with Geydar Dzhemal Geydar Dzhahidovich Dzhemal (russian: Гейда́р Джахи́дович Джема́ль, az, Heydər Cahid oğlu Camal, sometimes transliterated as Heydar Jamal; 6 November 1947 – 5 De ...
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Police Of Russia
The Police of Russia () is the national law-enforcement agency in Russia, operating under the Ministry of Internal Affairs from . It was established by decree from Peter the Great and in 2011, replacing the Militsiya, the former police service. It is the national police service of Russia that operates according to the law “ On police” (Закон "о полиции"), as approved by the Federal Assembly, and subsequently signed into law on February 7, 2011, by then President of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Medvedev. History The system was created to protect the public order and to fight against crime in the Russian Empire. It was re-organized on March 1, 2011, under the Russian Federation (except for existing structures not related to the Ministry of Internal Affairs). 16th century In 1504, cheval de frise were installed in Moscow, under which the guards, drawn from the local population, were stationed. The city was divided into areas, between which gates with ...
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Ministry Of Internal Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (MVD; russian: Министерство внутренних дел (МВД), ''Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del'') is the interior ministry of Russia. The MVD is responsible for law enforcement in Russia through its agencies the Police of Russia, Migration Affairs, Drugs Control, Traffic Safety, the Centre for Combating Extremism, and the Investigative Department. The MVD is headquartered in Zhitnaya Street 16 in Yakimanka, Moscow. The MVD claims ancestry from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire founded in 1802 by Tsar Alexander I which became the interior ministry of the Russian Republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and the Soviet Union. The MVD was dissolved and reformed several times during the Stalin era until being established as the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR in 1946. The current MVD was formed in 1990 from the Russian branch of the MVD of the USSR sh ...
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Government Of Russia
The Government of Russia exercises executive power in the Russian Federation. The members of the government are the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the federal ministers. It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Apparatus of the Government of Russia is a governmental body which administrates the activities of the government. According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 constitution, the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia. According to the current 1993 constitution, the president is not a part of the government of Russia, which exercises executive power. However, the president appoints the prime minister. History The large body was preceded by Government of the Soviet Union. Since the Russian Federation emerged from 1991 to 1992, the government's structure has undergone seve ...
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Deutsche Welle
Deutsche Welle (; "German Wave" in English), abbreviated to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget. The service is available in 32 languages. DW's satellite television service consists of channels in English, German, Spanish, and Arabic. The work of DW is regulated by the Deutsche Welle Act, meaning that content is intended to be independent of government influence. DW is a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). DW offers regularly updated articles on its news website and runs its own center for international media development, DW Akademie. The broadcaster's stated goals are to produce reliable news coverage, provide access to the German language, and promote understanding between peoples. It is also a provider of live streaming world news which can be viewed via its website, YouTube, and various mobile devices and digital media players. DW has been broadcasting since 1953. It is headquartered in Bonn ...
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Smart Voting
Smart Voting ( rus, Умное голосование, Umnoye golosovaniye) is a tactical voting strategy put forward by the team of Alexei Navalny with the aim of depriving the ruling United Russia party of votes in regional and federal elections. The goal of Smart Voting is to consolidate the votes of those who oppose the party which Navalny dubbed as the "party of crooks and thieves". History On 28 November 2018, Alexei Navalny launched the Smart Voting project. Initially, the system was mainly aimed at depriving the nominees from the politically dominant United Russia party of their victory in the elections to the post of Governor of St. Petersburg and the Moscow City Duma on 8 September 2019. Navalny explained the strategy as follows (translated from Russian): "The parties themselves cannot agree and nominate a single candidate against United Russia. But we can agree on this. We are different, but we have one policy — we are against the monopoly of United Russia. Every ...
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Коммерсантъ
''Kommersant'' (russian: Коммерсантъ, , ''The Businessman'' or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business. The TNS Media and NRS Russia certified July 2013 circulation of the daily was 120,000–130,000. It is owned by Alisher Usmanov. History In 1989, with the onset of press freedom in Russia, ''Kommersant'' was founded under the ownership of businessman and publicist Vladimir Yakovlev. The first issue was released in January 1990. It was modeled after Western business journalism. The newspaper's title is spelled in Russian with a terminal hard sign (ъ) – a letter that is silent at the end of a word in modern Russian, and was thus largely abolished by the post-revolution Russian spelling reform, in reference to a pre-Soviet newspaper of the same name active between 1909 and 1917. This is played up in the Kommersant logo, which features a script hard sign at t ...
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ОВД-Инфо
OVD-Info () is an independent Russian human rights media project aimed at combating political persecution. History OVD-Info was founded in December 2011 by Moscow journalist Grigory Okhotin and programmer Daniil Beilinson. They witnessed mass arrests of participants in the rally on December 5, 2011 against the rigging of parliamentary elections. First, they posted on Facebook the total number of detainees and their names. Seeing the demand for their work, by December 10, on the eve of the rally on Bolotnaya Square in Moscow, they launched the OVD-Info website. The name of the project comes from the abbreviation Department of Internal Affairs (). Since February 1, 2013, the main partner of the project is the Memorial Human Rights Center. On 29 September 2021 the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation designated OVD-Info as a " foreign agent". Critics say the decision is designed to stifle dissent. On 25 December 2021 the Federal Service for Supervision of Communicati ...
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The Other Russia Of E
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of the archaic pro ...
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Russian Socialist Movement
Russian Socialist Movement (russian: Российское социалистическое движение) is a left-wing to far left political organisation in Russia. It was created in 2011 by the merging of various left-wing, socialist, anti-capitalist and communist organisations. It is strongly critical of President Vladimir Putin. Foundation The Russian Socialist Movement was officially founded on 7 March 2011 as a merger of the Socialist League "Vpered" (Forward, Russian section of the Fourth International) and Socialist Resistance. The move had been agreed upon by the sixth congress of Vpered and the separate Socialist Resistance conference, held a day earlier on March 6.В Москве создано новое Российское социалистич� ...
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Revolutionary Workers' Party (Russia)
) "Workers of the world, unite!"(russian: "Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!") , anthem = The Internationale , colours = Red Black , website rwp.ru The Revolutionary Workers' Party (RWP; russian: Революционная рабочая партия; РРП; ''Revolyutsionnaya rabochaya partiya'', ''RRP'') is a Russian Trotskyist organisation established in 1999. From 2002 to 2011 there were two active organisations called the 'Revolutionary Workers' Party'. In April 2011, activists from one of the two, centred in Perm, merged their organisation into the Russian Socialist Movement. In May 2019 part of the RWP split and merged into the International Marxist Tendency, naming themselves Marxist Tendency. Origins and early activity The origins of the RWP lie in a series of splits in an earlier Russian Troskyist organisation, the Committee for Workers' Democracy and International Socialism (CWDIS, Russian: Комитет за рабочую де� ...
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