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1932 Estonian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia between 21 and 23 May 1932. Background Before the elections major shifts occurred in the political landscape. The Farmers' Assemblies (mostly backed by the "old farmers" and those somewhat more conservative and economically right-wing) and Settlers' Party (patriotic left-of-centre agrarian) merged to form the Union of Settlers and Smallholders, whilst the Estonian People's Party, the Christian People's Party, the Labour Party and the Landlords' Party merged to form the National Centre Party. Results See also * V Riigikogu References *V Riigikogu valimised : 21.-23.maini 1932; Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo = Élections au parlement : de 21.-23. mai 1932; Bureau Central de Statistique de l'Estonie - Tallinn : Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo, 1932 Parliamentary elections in Estonia Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the President. The ''Riigikogu'' also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations, bring about changes in the law, etc.; approves the budget presented by the government as law and monitors the executive power. History History April 23, 1919, the opening session of the Estonian Constituent Assembly is considered the founding date of the Parliament of Estonia. Established under the 1920 constitution, the Riigikogu had 100 members elected for a three year term on the basis of proportional representation. Elections were fixed for the first Sunda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landlords' Party
The Landlords' Party ( et, Üleriiklik Majaomanike Seltside Liit, lit. ''National Landlords' Societies Union''), also known as the House Owners' Party, was a political party in Estonia. History The party was formed prior to the parliamentary elections.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p384 In the elections it won two seats in the Riigikogu with 2.2% of the vote. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p586 The 1926 elections saw the party increase its vote share to 2.4% and retain both seats.Nohlen & Stöver, p583 Closely aligned with the Farmers' Assemblies party, the Landlords Party joined Jaan Teemant's cabinet in July 1926 and remained in government until December 1927. In the 1929 elections the party won three seats with 2.9% of the vote, and in February 1931 they joined Konstantin Päts government. In February 1932 the party merged into the National Centre Party, which had recently bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Elections In Estonia
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which it is accountable. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. This is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, where the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature. Countries with parliamentary systems may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament, or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature. In a few parliamentary republics, among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
V Riigikogu
V Riigikogu was the fifth legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1932 elections (held on 21–23 May 1932). It sat between 15 June 1932 and 2 October 1934, when its activities were suspended. ''Riigikogu''. Retrieved 20 February 2019. The session formally ended on 31 December 1937."V Riigikogu, 15.06.1932–02.10.1934", '' National Library of Estonia'' ]. Archived fro [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections m ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elect ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish People's League In The Baltic Sea Provinces
Swedish People's League in the Baltic Sea Provinces ( sv, Svenska Folkförbundet i Östersjöprovinserna; et, Rootsi Rahvaliit) was a political party in Estonia, representing interests of the Swedish minority population. History The party was founded in 1917, and began publishing ''Kustbon'' the following year. In March 1919, the party held its congress. Due to the small size of the Swedish minority, the party was unable to have any impact running alone. In the 1929 elections it formed an alliance with the German-Baltic Party, which resulted in a 20% increase in their combined vote share.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p387 At the time the party was led by Hans Pöhl, a former members of the Christian People's Party. After Pöhl died in 1930, Mathias Westerblom took over as party leader. The party had its offices at Riddaregatan (Rüütli) 9, Tallinn, attached to Swedish Saint Michael Parish and the Swedish-language school. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German-Baltic Party
The German-Baltic Party ( et, Saksa-Balti erakond; german: Deutsch-baltische Partei in Estland, DbPE) was a political party in Estonia representing the German minority. History The party was established on 27 November 1918 under the name German Party in Estonia (german: Deutsche Partei in Estland, et, Saksa Erakond Eestimaal) in preparation for the Constituent Assembly elections the following April. Following the Estonian War of Independence, the party was renamed the German-Baltic Party. The party won three seats in the elections in April 1919. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p581 In the parliamentary elections in 1920 it won four seats, but was reduced to three seats in the 1923 elections and two seats in the 1926 elections.Nohlen & Stöver, p586 For the 1929 elections the party formed the German-Swedish Bloc,Nohlen & Stöver, p579 winning three seats. This was continued for the 1932 elections, with the bloc again win ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians In Estonia
In Estonia, the population of ethnic Russians is estimated at 315,000, most of whom live in the capital city Tallinn and other urban areas of Harju and Ida-Viru counties. While a small settlement of Russian Old Believers on the coast of Lake Peipus has an over 300-year old history, the large majority of the ethnic Russian population in the country originates from the immigration from Russia and other parts of the former USSR during the 1944-1991 Soviet occupation of Estonia. Early contacts The Estonian name for Russians ''vene'', ''venelane'' derives from an old Germanic loan ''veneð'' referring to the Wends, speakers of a Slavic language who lived on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. The troops of prince Yaroslav the Wise of Kievan Rus' defeated Estonian '' Chuds'' in ca. 1030 and established a fort of ''Yuryev'' (in modern-day Tartu), which may have survived there until ca. 1061, when the fort's defenders were defeated and driven out by the tribe of ''Sosols''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left-wing Workers
The Left-wing Workers ( et, Pahempoolsed töölised ja kehvikud) was a political party in Estonia. History The party was a front for the Communist Party,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p587 which had used umbrella organisations to participate in politics since being banned in 1918. Estonica In the 1932 elections it won five seats,Nohlen & Stöver, p586 a decrease on the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Socialist Workers' Party
The Estonian Socialist Workers' Party ( et, Eesti Sotsialistlik Tööliste Partei, ''ESTP'') was a political party in Estonia. History The party was established in 1925 as a merger of the Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party and former members of the Independent Socialist Workers' Party, which had been banned in May 1924 following a Communist takeover.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p382 Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p579 The two parties had won a combined 20 seats in the Riigikogu in the 1923 elections.Nohlen & Stöver, p586 The 1926 elections saw the new party win 24 seats, making it the largest in the Riigikogu, Although Jaan Teemant of the Farmers' Assemblies party remained Head of State, August Rei of the ESTP became Head of State in December 1928.Nohlen & Stöver, p590 The party remained the largest in the Riigikogu after the 1929 elections, in which it won 25 seats, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Centre Party (Estonia)
The National Centre Party ( et, Rahvuslik Keskerakond, ''RKE'') was a political party in Estonia. History The party was established in October 1931 as the United Nationalists Party by a merger of the Estonian People's Party and the Christian People's Party.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p384 In January 1932 the Estonian Labour Party joined the merger, with the party becoming the National Centre Party. In February the Landlords' Party also merged into the party. Between them the four parties held a combined 26 seats in the Riigikogu.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p586 In the 1932 elections the new party won only 23 seats, losing to the Union of Settlers and Smallholders, which had recently been established by a merger of the Farmers' Assemblies party and the Settlers' Party. Along with all other political parties, its activities were suspended in 1935 (a year after the 1934 Konstant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Labour Party
The Estonian Labour Party ( et, Eesti Tööerakond, ETE) was a political party in Estonia. It was formed in 1919 by a merger of the Radical Socialist Party and the Social Travaillist Party, and ceased to exist in 1932, when it merged with other centrist parties to form the National Centre Party. It was a member of government coalitions between 1919 and 1925, and again from 1927 until 1931.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, pp398–399 History The ETE had its roots in the Estonian Radical Socialist Party and the Social Travaillist Party, both of which were founded in 1917. The two parties collaborated closely and were collectively known as the "Labourites".McHale, p383 Both parties won seats in the Estonian Provincial Assembly elections later in the year, and together made up the second largest faction in the Assembly. In November 1917, the Labourites received 21% of the votes in the Russian Constituent Assembly elections. In late December ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
