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Émile Gilbert
Émile-Jacques Gilbert (3 September 1795 – 31 October 1874) was a 19th-century French architect. In 1838 Gilbert was commissioned to reconstruct the hospital for the insane at Charenton along modern more humane lines recommended by Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol; the new structure was completed in 1845. In 1843 Gilbert, as Architect of the City of Paris, was commissioned to erect the first of the model penitentiaries following designs of Guillaume-Abel Blouet, the Mazas Prison, in Paris. In 1858 he was commissioned to build the new Hôtel Dieu opposite Notre Dame on the Île de la Cité The Île de la Cité (; English: City Island, "Island of the City") is one of the two natural islands on the Seine River (alongside, Île Saint-Louis) in central Paris. It spans of land. In the 4th century, it was the site of the fortress of ..., Paris.Van Zanten, ''eo. loc.'' References {{DEFAULTSORT:Gilbert, Emile-Jacques 19th-century French architects 1795 births 1874 dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charenton (asylum)
Charenton was a lunatic asylum founded in 1645 by the Frères de la Charité (Brothers of Charity) in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, now Saint-Maurice, Val-de-Marne, Saint-Maurice, Val-de-Marne, France. Charenton was first under monastic rule, then Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul took over the asylum after their founding. Although the town itself was the location of the headquarters of the French Huguenots in the 1500s and 1600s, the founders of Charenton were Catholic. At the time, many hospitals and asylums were Catholic institutions after the Council of Trent and the counter reformation. Charenton was known for its humanitarian treatment of patients, especially under its director the Abbé de Coulmier in the early 19th century. He showed a remarkable aptitude for understanding Psychoanalytic theory. He used the technique of art therapy to help patients manifest their madness through physical art forms. Now merged under a ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol
Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol (3 February 1772 – 12 December 1840) was a French psychiatrist. Early life and education Born and raised in Toulouse, Esquirol completed his education at Montpellier. He came to Paris in 1799 where he worked at the Salpêtrière Hospital and became a favorite student of Philippe Pinel. To enable Esquirol to take up the intensive study of insanity in an appropriate setting, Pinel reportedly put up the security for the house and garden on Rue de Buffon where Esquirol established a '' maison de santé'' or private asylum in 1801 or 1802. Esquirol's ''maison'' was quite successful, being ranked, in 1810, as one of the three best such institutions in Paris. In 1805 he published his thesis ''The passions considered as causes, symptoms and means of cure in cases of insanity''. Esquirol, like Pinel, believed that the origin of mental illness could be found in the passions of the soul and was convinced that madness does not fully and irremediably a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architect Of The City Of Paris
The Architect of the City of Paris (''Architecte de la ville de Paris'') is the incumbent of a municipal position, responsible for the design and construction of civic projects in Paris. In the Ancien Régime in France, the position of Bâtiments du Roi oversaw the construction and maintenance of the King's properties in and around Paris. This position lasted from 1620 through 1789. The Architect's position, accountable to the municipal government, was established after the French Revolution. Most if not all of Paris's official architects were drawn from the graduates of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. Multiple architects may hold the title at any one time. Through the early 1900s the duties encompassed what would today be considered a mix of architecture, urban planning, civil engineering, historic preservation, and traffic management—for instance, during his tenure in 1907, Eugene Henard developed the first modern roundabout in France at the Place de l'Étoile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume-Abel Blouet
Guillaume-Abel Blouet (; 6 October 1795 – 7 May 1853) was a French architect who specialised in prison design. Biography Blouet was born at Passy. He won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1821 at the École des Beaux-Arts, entitling him to five years of study at the French Academy in Rome. The study of Roman architecture that was expected from students at the French Academy at Rome resulted in his speculative restoration of the original construction of the Baths of Caracalla, ''Restauration des thermes d'Antonin Caracalla, à Rome, présentée en 1826 et dédiée en 1827 à l'Académie des Beaux-Arts'' (1828). The Institut de France appointed Blouet the head of the fine arts section of the French Morea expedition 1828–1833, the second of three great military-scientific expeditions led by France in the first half of the 19th century, in which geologists and antiquarians accompanied an expedition with military objectives, in this case to deport all Ottoman nationals from the Morea, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazas Prison
The Mazas Prison (French: ''Prison Mazas'') was a prison in Paris, France. Designed by architects Émile Gilbert and Jean-François-Joseph Lecointe, it was inaugurated in 1850 and located near the Gare de Lyon The Gare de Lyon, officially Paris Gare de Lyon (), is one of the seven large mainline railway stations in Paris, France. It handles about 148.1 million passengers annually according to the estimates of the SNCF in 2018, with SNCF railways and ..., on the Diderot boulevard. The building was destroyed in 1900. References External links Webpage with information and a picture of the prison(in French) 1850 establishments in France 19th century in Paris Defunct prisons in Paris Buildings and structures completed in 1850 Buildings and structures demolished in 1900 1900 disestablishments in France 19th-century architecture in France {{Prison-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hôtel-Dieu De Paris
In French-speaking countries, a hôtel-Dieu () was originally a hospital for the poor and needy, run by the Catholic Church. Nowadays these buildings or institutions have either kept their function as a hospital, the one in Paris being the oldest and most renowned, or have been converted into hotels, museums, or general purpose buildings (for instance housing a préfecture, the administrative head office of a French department). Therefore, as a secondary meaning, the term hôtel-Dieu can also refer to the building itself, even if it no longer houses a hospital. Examples include: ;Belgium * Notre Dame à la Rose, founded in 1242 ;France *Hôtel-Dieu d'Angers, founded in 1153 * Hôtel-Dieu de Beaune, founded in 1443 * Hôtel-Dieu of Carpentras, built in 1754 *Hôtel-Dieu of Château-Thierry, founded in 1304 *Hôtel-Dieu of Cluny, built in the 17th and 18th century * Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon, created in 1478 *Hôtel-Dieu of Nantes Nantes (, ; ; or ; ) is a city in the Loire-Atla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Île De La Cité
The Île de la Cité (; English: City Island, "Island of the City") is one of the two natural islands on the Seine River (alongside, Île Saint-Louis) in central Paris. It spans of land. In the 4th century, it was the site of the fortress of the area governor for the Roman Empire. In 508, Clovis I, the first King of the Franks, established his palace on the island. In the 12th century, it extended its importance as a religious centre, the home of Notre-Dame de Paris, Notre-Dame cathedral, and the castle chapel of Sainte-Chapelle, as well as the city hospital, the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, Hôtel-Dieu (possibly the oldest continuously operating hospital in the world). It is also the site of List of bridges in Paris#Seine, the city's oldest surviving bridge, the Pont Neuf. Even with the departure of the French kings to the Louvre Palace across the right bank, and then to the Palace of Versailles, the island remained a centre of administration and law courts. In 1302, it hosted the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century French Architects
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems and confirm ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1795 Births
Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina opens to students at Chapel Hill, becoming the first state university in the United States. * January 16 – War of the First Coalition: Flanders campaign: The French occupy Utrecht, Netherlands. * January 18 – Batavian Revolution in Amsterdam: William V, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic (Republic of the Seven United Netherlands), flees the country. * January 19 – The Batavian Republic is proclaimed in Amsterdam, ending the Dutch Republic (Republic of the Seven United Netherlands). * January 20 – French troops enter Amsterdam. * January 23 – Flanders campaign: Capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder: The Dutch fleet, frozen in Zuiderzee, is captured by the French 8th Hussars. * February 7 – The Eleventh Amendment to the United Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1874 Deaths
Events January * January 1 – New York City annexes The Bronx. * January 2 – Ignacio MarÃa González becomes head of state of the Dominican Republic for the first time. * January 3 – Third Carlist War: Battle of Caspe – Campaigning on the Ebro in Aragon for the Spanish Republican Government, Colonel Eulogio Despujol surprises a Carlist force under Manuel Marco de Bello at Caspe, northeast of Alcañiz. In a brilliant action the Carlists are routed, losing 200 prisoners and 80 horses, while Despujol is promoted to Brigadier and becomes Conde de Caspe. * January 20 – The Pangkor Treaty (also known as the Pangkor Engagement), by which the British extend their control over first the Sultanate of Perak, and later the other independent Malay States, is signed. * January 23 – Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, second son of Queen Victoria, marries Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, only daughter of Tsar Alexander III of Russia, in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architects From Paris
An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that have human occupancy or use as their principal purpose. Etymologically, the term architect derives from the Latin , which derives from the Greek (''-'', chief + , builder), i.e., chief builder. The professional requirements for architects vary from location to location. An architect's decisions affect public safety, and thus the architect must undergo specialised training consisting of advanced education and a ''practicum'' (or internship) for practical experience to earn a license to practice architecture. Practical, technical, and academic requirements for becoming an architect vary by jurisdiction though the formal study of architecture in academic institutions has played a pivotal role in the development of the profession. Origins Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
École Des Beaux-Arts Alumni
École or Ecole may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine flowing in région Île-de-France * École, Savoie, a French commune * École-Valentin, a French commune in the Doubs département * Grandes écoles, higher education establishments in France * The École The École, formerly Ecole Internationale de New York, is an intimate and independent French-American school, which cultivates an internationally minded community of students from 2 to 14 years old in New York City’s vibrant Flatiron Distric ..., a French-American bilingual school in New York City * Ecole Software, a Japanese video-games developer/publisher {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
